digital archaeological resources at the university of bergen: an efficient tool in research and...
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Digital Archaeological Resources at the University of Bergen: An Efficient Tool in Research and Heritage Management?
The Norwegian Museum Project/The Unit for Digital Documentation,The Faculty of Arts, Univ. of Oslo
Orig. presented on EAA’98Bornemouth, UKAdjusted 2002
The Norwegian Museum Project
• A major national effort to create common scientific databases for the university museums in Norway, 1998-2005
• Keywords: object administration, field work, research, teaching, dissemination of information, cultural and natural heritage and management and rational access to information.
The Bergen sub project - data sources
• The Ancient Site and Monuments Survey, compiled 1940 – 1975, covering 77 municipalities (5000 printed pages).
• The published find/aquisition catalogues 1840-1994 (4500 printed pages)
• The topographical archives 1850 – 2002 covering 7600 farms: letters, field surveys, reports (110000 document pages)
The regions covered by
Bergen Museum
Bergen
Oslo
Stavanger
Sunnmøre
Sogn og Fjordane
Hordaland
The Ancient Monuments Survey
• 1950 - 1975• Covering 77
municipalities (5000 text-pages).
• Converted to electronic text with SGML mark up.
• Relational database and on-line search on the Web.
The published find/aquisition catalogues
• Covering 77 municipalities (4500 text-pages).
• Converted to electronic text with SGML mark up.
• Relational database and on-line search on the Web.
The published find/aquistion catalogueselectronic text with SGML mark up
<CATYEAR><INTRO> <MNAME>UNIVERSITETETS OLDSAKSAMLING TILVEKST
<YEAR>1989 </INTRO>[…]
<NRPAR><CATNR nrid="37267">C.37267. <ARTEFDATA><ARTEFACT>Axe</ARTEFACT> of
<MAT>iron</MAT> <SHARED>from <AGE>Late Medieval time</AGE>. <ARTEFDATA>
<MEAS>L: 141mm</MEAS>, <MEAS>edge W:109mm</MEAS>. Carpenter's axe with
<FORM>specially shaped </FORM> blade to accommodate the fingers when it is held just "behind" the
edge. Particularly necessary for fine work, when used at an angle to the edge, or as a gouge.
<SHARED>Found<FINDLOC>on the hill, about
300m above <LOC>ÅROS KAPELL</LOC>, <FARM>SJØGLØTT</FARM>,
<PARISH>ÅROS</PARISH>, <MUNICIPALITY>RØYKEN</MUNICIPALITY>,
<COUNTY>BUSKERUD</COUNTY></FINDLOC>, in 1959 by <FINDER>Berge Narvik<
/FINDER>, Tjernsrudveien 24, Jar, Oslo. </SHARED> </NRPAR>
(Translated exerpt from the similar catalogues from the archaeological museum in Oslo)
The topographical archive Bergen Museum
• Covering 7 600 individual farms (105 000 text-pages).
• Contains: letters, field survey, maps, excavations reports, drawings etc.
• New documents added regularly
Topographical Archive - Scanning
*Format : 1- bit TIFF single page (1995-1998) 24-bits color TIFF (1999- )
*Each document stored as two sets of single page filesB/W for fast presentationColor for details
*Two scanners :1 highspeed A3 format (Fujitsu)1 A0 width, unlimit length (Contex 8000)
Physical_documentPhysical_document
Document_NumberDocument_Number
In_Folder_RelIn_Folder_RelNo_Of_pagesNo_Of_pages
Document_PathDocument_PathDocument_FormatDocument_Format
Physical_documentPhysical_document
Document_NumberDocument_Number
In_Folder_RelIn_Folder_RelNo_Of_pagesNo_Of_pages
Document_PathDocument_PathDocument_FormatDocument_Format
Physical_documentPhysical_document
Document_NumberDocument_Number
No_Of_pagesNo_Of_pagesDocument_PathDocument_Path
Document_FormatDocument_Format
Document_Folder_IdDocument_Folder_Id
Archive SectionArchive SectionSection_NameSection_NameSection_adressSection_adressSection_typeSection_type
Archive SectionArchive Section
Section_adressSection_adressSection_typeSection_type
Document_folderDocument_folderFolder_TypeFolder_Type
Folder_For_RelFolder_For_RelFolder_Section_RelFolder_Section_Rel
Document_folderDocument_folderFolder_TypeFolder_Type
Folder_For_RelFolder_For_RelFolder_Section_RelFolder_Section_Rel
Document_FolderDocument_FolderFolder_TypeFolder_Type
Folder_For_IdFolder_For_IdFolder_Section_IdFolder_Section_Id
Section_NameSection_Name
File System
Topographical Archive - Physical Archive Data Model
Oracle Server File ServerPhysical Archive
Scanned Files
Event_RelEvent_Rel
Topographical Archive – Extracted Information Data Model
Physical_documentPhysical_documentPhysical_documentPhysical_document
Physical_documentPhysical_document
Logical_documentLogical_document
Physical_Doc-NumberPhysical_Doc-Number
SenderSenderReceiverReceiver
PersonPersonPersonPerson
PersonPerson
Case_in_documentCase_in_document
Logical_Doc_RelLogical_Doc_Rel
Case_RelCase_Rel
Document_TypeDocument_Type
Logical_documentLogical_document
Physical_Doc-NumberPhysical_Doc-Number
SenderSenderReceiverReceiver
Document_TypeDocument_Type
Logical_documentLogical_document
Case_in_documentCase_in_document
Logical_Doc_RelLogical_Doc_Rel
Case_RelCase_RelEvent_RelEvent_Rel
Case_in_documentCase_in_document
Physical_Doc-NumberPhysical_Doc-Number
CaseCase
Event_TypeEvent_TypeCaseCase
Event_TypeEvent_Type
Event_typesEvent_typesEvent_typesEvent_types
Event_typeEvent_typeCase_NumberCase_NumberEvent_TypeEvent_Type
Logical_Doc_IdLogical_Doc_Id
CaseCase
Event_TypeEvent_Type
SenderSenderRecipientRecipient
Document_TypeDocument_Type
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustration
Subject - free textSubject - free textIllustrationIllustration
IllustrationIllustrationIllustration/ photoIllustration/ photo
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustration
ArtefactArtefact
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustrationSite/MonumentSite/Monument
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustration
Farm/PlaceFarm/Place
PersonPersonPersonPerson
DateDate
The Ancient Monuments Survey Extracted Information Data Model
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustration
ArtefactArtefact
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustrationSite/MonumentSite/Monument
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustration
Farm/PlaceFarm/Place
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustrationRef. literatureRef. literature
PersonPersonPersonPerson
PersonPerson
Find/aquisition cataloguesExtracted Information Data Model
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustration
ArtefactArtefact
IllustrationIllustrationIllustrationIllustration
PlacePlace
Event_typesEvent_typesEvent_typesEvent_typesEvent_typeEvent_type
PersonPersonPersonPerson
PersonPerson
CataloguesXML text
CataloguesXML text
PersonPersonPersonPerson
DateDate
CataloguesXML text
CataloguesXML textCataloguesSGML textCataloguesSGML text
Sample query 1:Number of archaeological field surveys compared with number of excavations and number of new finds (1955 to 1975).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Hordaland Sogn ogFjordane
Sunnmøre
Surveyes
Excavations
New finds
Sample query 2:Destroyed ancient monuments from 1950 to 1980
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Destroyedmonuments
Investegated bythe police
Convictions
Hordaland
Sogn og Fjordane
Sunnmøre
Implementation The databases are implemented in Oracle 8.1.7, not using any spesific
object oriented features The object types (and the table structures) are defined in a common
meta database All databases are accessed via a common framework The common framework get design and structure information from
the meta database. All queries are generated automatically on the basis of the information in the meta database.
Each user is granted access via a user database The user interface program checks the meta database for new versions
of modules and upgrade it self automatically via the net. New databases are added regularly A WWW version is being developed
The Universities’ Collection Databases
”The Universities’ Collection Databases” denotes all databases developed by the Unit for digital documentation at the Arts Faculty, University of Oslo.
The databases contains data from archaeology, antropology, botany, zoology, numismatics, history, history of arts, lexicography
Data The databases are accessible via specially developed end user
applications and via the WWW.