digital books and the changing nature of text and reading
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Digital Books and the Changing Nature of Text and Reading
Elizabeth DoblerEmporia State University
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ebook vs. digital book
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deictic
Leu, Kinzer, Coiro, Castek, & Henry, 2013
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Changing Nature of Reading
Text Factors
Reader Factors
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Text Factors: Mobile Device Surpasses Laptop Purchases
Paczkowski,, 2013
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Personalize the eBook Reading Experience – College Student Preferences
Font size 63% Highlight
84% Notes 57% Bookmarks 78% Dictionary 47% Search 31% Internet 8% Brightness 10% Larson, 2013
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Reader Factors
53% - eBook supported reading comprehension
16% - eBook hindered reading comprehension
31% - eBook neither hindered nor supported reading comprehension
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Common Core State Standards
CCSS recognize the need to prepare students for their future success by embedding rigorous standards and calling for literacy-learning through the use of technology.
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46% of children have read an e-bookScholastic 2013 Kids & Family
Reading Report
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81%reading on the Kindle supported their reading comprehension
Larson, 2013
81% prefer a Kindle
15% prefer regular print
4% no preference
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Who are the Gatekeepers?
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Garbage! Monster! Burp! by Tom Watson
Axel the Truck by J. D. Riley and Brandon Dorman
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Higher Textbook Costs
Consumer Acceptance
Prevelance of Devices
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48% of preservice teachers have read an ebook for pleasure
43% of preservice teachers have read a digital textbook
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12% of users elected to purchase an additional paper copy
Lower cost of etextbook most important factor
Portability is a key factor
Internet2 Pilot Study, 2012
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Available throughout academic career and beyond
Features, such as zoom, must be easy to access
Faculty, for the most part, did not use ebook features (note sharing, additional links, etc.)
Little benefit from collaboration capabilities because not utilized by faculty
Internet2 Pilot Study, 2012
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Update and customize (Miller & Baker-Eveleth, 2010).
Promote new ways of engagement (Dorn, 2007).
Use of annotation features linked to student performance (Dennis, 2011).
Promote Universal Design principles (see Scott, McGuire, & Foley, 2003).
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Lack of comfort (Carlson, 2005).
Encourage collaboration (Ravid, Kalman, & Rafaeli, 2008).
Access to computer/Internet (Shepperd, Grace, Koch, 2008).
No correlation to student performance (Woody, Daniel, Baker, 2010).
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Offering multiple textbook formats has the potential for improving student learning.
Chulkov & VanAlstine, 2013
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Participants
57 undergraduate preservice teacher candidates
Language Arts methods course Using a digital textbook Subgroup of 36 used digital book
coupledwith print text
91% read on laptop 16 % on iPad
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Prereading Preferences
27% prefer digital
55% prefer print
18% no preference
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Subgroup – digital and print access
PREREADING 22% prefer
digital
58% prefer print
20% no preference
POSTREADING 50% prefer
digital
42% prefer print
8% no preference
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Text Factors: Favorite Features
Note sharing – learning network becomes social network
Sticky notes for marking spots Highlighter to follow along Adjustable font size for reading preferences Tabbed sections Definitions Search capabilities Review questions Videos
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Reading Habits and Behaviors
DigitalElement
s
Reading Process
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Participant Response
It was easier for me to find definitions and more convenient to look at suggested resources and podcasts. In a regular textbook I wouldn’t go out of my way to do these things.
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Participant Response
Opening a new chapter in this online text is a bit more intimidating for me because it shows the list of sections to the side, and there are sometimes many. I’ve started previewing and picture walking before I read this text in response.
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Participant Response
I noticed I was more intrigued about reading the text. It wasn’t like I was just sitting with a book in my hand.
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Participant Response
I believe my reading habits improved because the text was spread out. I read the text normally but I went back and looked at the text again.
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Questions for Future Research
Do the reading processes used with digital textbooks differ for skilled and less-skilled readers?
Which features of a digital text are most effective for promoting comprehension?
How can analytics of reader behaviors help us to create more effective textbooks?
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10 Reasons to Use Digital Textbooks at http://www.edudemic.com/10-reasons-to-use-digital-textbooks/
Carlson, S. (2005, February 11). Online textbooks fail to make the grade. Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/Online-Textbooks-Fail-to-make/18496/
Chulkov D. V., & VanAlstine, J. (2013). College student choice among electronic and printed textbook options. Journal of Education for Business, 88, 216-222.
Dennis, A. (2011). E-Textbooks at Indiana University: A summary of two years of research. Indiana University Working Paper. Retrieved from http://etexts.iu.edu/files/eText Pilot Data 1010-1011.pdf
Dorn, R. (2007). Online versus hardcopy textbooks. Science, 315, 1220.
Internet2 eTextbook Spring 2012 Pilot at http://www.internet2.edu/netplus/econtent/docs/eText-Spring-2012-Pilot-Report.pdf
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Larson, L. C. (2012/2013). It’s time to turn the digital page: Preservice teachers explore e-book reading. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 56(4), 280-290.
Leu, D. J., Kinzer, C. K., Coiro, J., Castek, J., & Henry, L. A. (2013). New literacies: A dual-level theory of the changing nature of literacy, instruction, and assessment. In, D.E. Alvermann, N. J. Unrau, R. B. Ruddell, Theoretical models and processes of reading (6th ed.), 1150-1181.
Miller, J., & Baker-Eveleth, L. (2010). Methods of use of an online economics textbook. American Journal of Business Education, 3(11), 39-43.
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Paczkowski, J. (2013, January 9). Steve Jobs was right. All Things 3D. Retrieved from http://allthingsd.com/20130109/steve-jobs-was-right-tablets-are-cars-pcs-are-trucks/
Ravid, G., Kalman, Y., & Rafaeli, S. (2008). Wikibooks in higher education; Empowerment through online distributed collaboration. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 1913-1928.
Scott, S., McGuire, J., & Foley, T. (2003). Universal design for instruction: A framework for anticipating and responding to disability and other diverse learning needs in the college classroom. Equity & Excellence in Education, 36, 40-49.
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Sheppard, J., Grace, J., & Koch, E. (2008). Evaluating the electronic textbook: Is it time to dispense with the paper text? Teaching of Psychology, 35, 2-5.
Wood, W., Daniel, D., & Baker, C. (2010). E-books or textbooks: Students prefer textbooks. Computers & Education, 55, 945-948.