digital cameras composition

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Digital Cameras

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Page 1: Digital Cameras Composition

Digital Cameras

Page 2: Digital Cameras Composition

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Painting “A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte” by French artist Georges Seurat – a master of a technique known as pointillism, in which scenes are composed of millions of tiny dots of paint, created by dabbing the canvas with the tip of a paintbrush. Stand across the room from a pointillist painting, the dots blend together – only when you get close can you distinguish the individual dots.

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Canning College Computing Centre - Vicki Thomas

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Pixels

• Digital images work like pointillist paintings.

• Rather than being made up of dots of paint, digital images are composed of tiny squares of colour known as pixels.

• Pixel is short for Picture Element

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How Digital Cameras Work

• They have a sensor, which under a microscope looks like a honeycomb.

• Each cell is a mini light receptor.

• Cells are subjected to light via the camera lens.

• The degree to which they are filled corresponds with how bright a pixel becomes.

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Sensors

• Digital cameras use either CCD or CMOS sensors.

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CCD & CMOS Sensors

• CCD – charge-coupled device.

• CMOS – complementary metal oxide semiconductor.

• Originally most cameras used CCD because CMOS sensors were considered inferior. Recent advances have made them competitive with CCD.

• CMOS consumes less energy.

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Resolution

• The quality of a digital image depends on the number and density of pixels within it.

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Resolution

• A sensor with 1280 pixels by 1084 pixels would have a total of1280 x 1084 or 1,310,720 pixels (1.3 Megapixels)

• What are the common resolutions available in cameras today?

1280

1084

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PRACTICALStart Windows Explorer and navigate to:

•C:\Student\AIT\Demo Images •Open Barcelona.jpg in Photoshop•Display File Info

What are the dimensions of the image?What is the megapixel “size” of the image?(______ x ______) / 1,000,000 = What is the size of the image file on disk?

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Autofocus and Focus Lock

Images from http://www.howstuffworks.com/autofocus6.htm

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Autofocus and Focus Lock

• PRACTICAL– Take a photo of the person sitting next to you

using the focus lock technique– Take another photo not using the technique– Compare the 2 images, using zoom to

determine if the person is in focus in each shot

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LCD Display

• PRACTICAL– Turn on your camera and check the info

shown on the display– Can you turn on additional info via a menu

option?

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Zoom

• Olympus 550 demo

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Composition

• General guidelines to follow rather than compulsory rules– Question – What is the purpose of the photo?– Question – How will I guide the viewer’s eye?– Question – How will I give the image depth?

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Purpose of Photo

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Purpose of Photo

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Frame the Subject

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Amount of Background

Moved closer to fill frameZoomed in to fill frame

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Fill the Frame

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Fill Frame, Check Background

Person larger and beach visible

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Rule of Thirds

Divide the image into thirds both hoizontally and vertically. This will result in 3 rows and 3 columns. Place the subject at one of the four points where the dividing lines intersect. This means that you have to overcome the natural tendency to place the object of interest in the centre of the frame.

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Rule of Thirds - Applied

For more information: http://www.ictpd.net/moodle/mod/resource/view.php?id=489

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Works in Portrait as well

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Thirds and Filling the Frame

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Rule of Thirds - Partial

Horizon can’t be lower

Pay close attention to horizons - generally the horizon would be no more than the top third or quarter of the frame unless the sky is the main subject. Aim to position the horizon on one of the horizontal lines.

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Rule of Thirds - Applied

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Rule of Thirds - Broken

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Horizons and the Rule of Thirds

Three other Rules involved here

Leading space for motion

Symmetry

Silhouette

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Avoid Clutter or Distractions

Images from http://www.ictpd.net/moodle/course/view.php?id=13

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Avoid Clutter or Distractions

Images from http://www.ictpd.net

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Repetitive Images Make Good Compositions

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Repetition

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Creating Depth

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Depth and Interest

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Watch for Merging

Images from http://www.ictpd.net

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Look into Photo (at camera)

Images from http://www.ictpd.net

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Depth and Balance

Images from http://www.ictpd.net

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S Bends and Crescents

Photograph by one of Australia’s most famous photographers – Max Dupain

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Max DuPain

Sunbaker

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Max Dupain

Bondi

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Use Curves

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Use Curves

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And Lines into Corners

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Angles to Draw Attention

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Perspective

Images from http://www.ictpd.net

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Camera Orientation

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Use Lines

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Use Lines

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Leading the Eye

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Thirds and using Diagonals

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"The so-called rules of photographic composition are, in my opinion, invalid,

irrelevant and immaterial"

Ansel Adams

Rules are made to be broken