digital content protection overview april 26, 2002
TRANSCRIPT
Digital Content ProtectionOverview
April 26, 2002
• Current digital media landscape
• Current/emerging protection measures
• Future trends
• Issues
Content Pipes Players User interface Users
Digital Media LandscapeStorage
Content Types• Audio-visual
• Sound
• Interactive
• Executables
• Text
• Other data
Digital distribution pipes• Narrowband phone• Broadband (Cable/DSL/Satellite)• Cable• DBS• Broadcast (Digital TV/Radio/Datacasting)• Wireless 2 way nets
– 2.5/3G cell– 802.11x hot spots– LMDS/MMDS
Players• PC’s/Info appliances• TV STB’s (Digital cable/VDSL/PVR’s/ITV)• DVD/DVD-R• D-VHS• i-DVD• Game console• CD• MP3• MP4• PDA’s• Cell phones
Digital storage media• DVD• CD• D-VHS• DAT• Removeable Mag disc• Hard Mag Disc• Flash RAM/ROM• Non volatile-RAM• Micro-optical
User interface
• TV
• Stereo
• PC display
• Phone display
• PDA display
Users
• Primary– consumers
• Secondary– Libraries– Teachers/Students– Researchers/Developers
• Special needs– Disabled
Current protection measures• Audio-visual
– Stored media• DVD CSS
• Macrovision
• D-VHS D-Theatre
– Cable /satellite• Conditional access systems (W/return path)
– Web• Proprietary DRM’s (e.g. Microsoft MRM)
• Open rights languages (XRML, ORDL)
Emerging protection measures• Audio-visual
– Stored media (DVD’s, PVR’s)• CPRM/4C • DTCP/5C• D-Theater• HDCP/DVI• HDMI
– Cable /satellite• POD’s• STB protections
– 4C/5C/– HDCP/HDMI/DVI– PHILA/OCAP
– Broadcast• Flags• Watermarks (e.g. CPRM/4C)
– Web• Secure PC
Current protection measures• Audio
– Stored media/recorders• Legislation (DMCA, AHRA)
• CD copy protect (e.g. Cactus Data Shield)
• CGMS, SCMS
• SDMI
– Web• Proprietary DRM’s (e.g. Microsoft MRM)
• Open rights languages (XRML, ORDL)
• Secure audio path
Emerging protection measures
• Music/Audio– Stored media/recorders
• Watermarks for playback/copy control (e.g. Verance)
• DVD-audio CSS-2
– Web• Secure PC
OK
Monitor
Secure Media Player
Secure OS API
Secure Video Driver
Software Stack
DRM Wrapper
Content
WM
WMDetect
D/ADisplay ControllerVRAM
VRAMWM
WM
WM
Scenario #1
OK
Monitor
Media Player
Secure OS API
Secure Video Driver
Software Stack
WMDetect
D/ADisplay ControllerVRAM
VRAM
Scenario #2
Content
No Watermark Detected
Scenario #3
COPYRIGHTVIOLATION
Monitor
Media Player
Secure OS API
Secure Video Driver
Software Stack
Content
WM
WMDetect
D/ADisplay ControllerVRAM
VRAMWM
Marked Content accompanied by DRM
Un- Marked Content not accompanied by DRM
Marked Content not accompanied by DRM
Future trends
• All different player types connected in home• Storage media portable between different player types• Moore’s law will aggravate piracy problem
– Faster pipes– Better compression– Bigger memories– Smaller storage
• New potential “fair uses” of rich media (distance learning)• New players (e.g. MP4), pipes (Digital Terrestrial Broadcast), media types (e.g. Interactive
TV)will emerge• Consumers growing up with belief that “ sharing of licensed content with others is OK”
Issues• Protection of unsecured content in peer-to-peer networks• Affordable protection in devices (e.g. PC’s) with many inputs, internal data paths, storage devices, data types
and outputs• Renewability/extensibility of new measures• Managing the legacy problem while enabling responsible innovation• Interoperability of proprietary DRM’s and other protections• Public vs. private ownership• Role of government• Number of distinct measures needed to accommodate variability of compute power, memory, display
performance, return path etc• Accommodating fair use and potential fair use applications
– Consumer time shifting/portability, distance learning– Digital “check out” from libraries
• Achieving Multiple lines of defense for unsecured content– Playback control– Copy control– Transmission control– Forensic tracking– Renewability/revocability of all of above– Enabling new business models (e.g. super-distribution)