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Digital Video Digital Video Production Production Camera Shots Camera Shots

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Digital Video ProductionDigital Video ProductionCamera ShotsCamera Shots

Camera ShotsCamera Shots

There are three basic camera shots:

Long ShotLong ShotMedium ShotMedium ShotClose Up ShotClose Up Shot

Long Shot - LS

Long Shot - LS

Also known as the Establishing Shot or Wide Shot

Shows the whole scene Frequently productions begin with a

LS

Long Shot - LS

It sets the stage/scene - the viewer knows where she or he is

LS works well if there's a lot of action

LS shows a person from head to toe.

Medium Shot - MS

Medium Shot - MS

MS shows less of the scene then LS The camera seems closer to the

subject (although it may not be if you use your zoom lens)

MS shows them from about the waist up in a medium shot

Medium Shot - MS

Use MS when you want a closer look at your subject

Use MS to transition between long shots and close up shots

It is difficult for the viewer to follow what you are doing if you go straight from a LS to a CU shot

Close Up Shot - CU

Close Up Shot - CU

This shot shows just the head CU is used to reveal details and

focus the viewer attention Extra consideration is needed for

the framing of a CU because any camera movement is exaggerated

Other Camera ShotsOther Camera Shots

Other camera shots include:

Extreme Close Up Shot Extreme Close Up Shot Extreme Long ShotExtreme Long ShotOver the Shoulder ShotOver the Shoulder ShotCut Away ShotCut Away ShotTwo/Three ShotTwo/Three Shot

Extreme Close Up Shot - ECU

Extreme Close Up Shot - ECU

ECS is sometimes referred to as XCU

Closer than to the subject than CU ECU is just of the person's eyes

Extreme Long Shot - ELS

Extreme Long Shot - ELS

ELS is sometimes referred to as XLS ELS shows a large view that

includes that subject from a distance

ELS is relative to what is considered a LS

Over the Shoulder Shot - OS

OS is commonly used in ENG – Electric News Gathering

Videographer is literally shooting over the shoulder of the person being interviewed

Usually a shot of the interviewer listening, nodding, or responding to the interviewee

Cut Away Shot - CA

CA is usually a CU or XCU that reveals some detail – as the telephone rings during a MS scene the shot changes to a CA of the telephone

A very useful shot that provides a natural transition in the editing process

Two/Three Shot - TS

TS a two shot has two people or three people in the frame

Usually a MS or LS because you need some distance from the people to get them all in the frame

Shot AnglesShot Angles

There are three basic shot angles:

Eye LevelEye LevelLow AngleLow AngleHigh AngleHigh Angle

Shot AnglesShot Angles

Your shot angle is the level from which you look at your subject.

Your shot angle can change the way the viewer responds to the scene – consider the response to someone speaking to you at eye level to that of speaking to you from above.

Eye Level Angle - EL

Eye Level Angle - EL

The most common used shots is the eye level shot

It's the most familiar perspective - we usually see things from our own eye level

Make sure you shoot at their eye-level, not yours

Low Angle - LA

Low Angle - LA

In this shot the camera looks up at the subject

Making it seem important, powerful, or perhaps larger than it is to the viewer

High Angle - HA

High Angle - HA

Camera looks down on the subject, decreasing its importance

The subject looks smaller It often gives the audience a sense

of power, or the subject a sense of helplessness

Other Shot AnglesOther Shot Angles

Other shot angles include:

Birds Eye AngleBirds Eye AngleReverse AngleReverse AnglePoint of View AnglePoint of View Angle

Bird’s Eye Angle - BE

Camera is mounted on a crane or ladder

This is an extreme angle the point of view from above

This angle is often used in car chases and in the “happy ever after” fade out

Reverse Angle - RA

A reverse angel is determined by the framing of the previous shot

A reverse is used to shoot two people facing each other cutting from one person to another

Point of ViewPoint of View - POV

This camera angle shows a specific POV so the audience has the perspective of seeing through someone else’s eyes

This shot has become very popular in recent years and often shows unique POVs – security cameras, animals, aliens etc…

Shot MovementsShot Movements

There are six moves:

Pan Pan TiltTilt ZoomZoom DollyDolly TruckTruck ArcArc

Pan Shot

A pan shot taken by moving the camera on across a horizontal plane

Used in action and sports shots This shot emphasizes action and

physical movement

Tilt Shot

The camera moves up or down a vertical plane

A tilt can be used to shot something that is too big to fit within frame

This shot emphasizes size and proportion

Pan and Tilt ShotPan and Tilt Shot

The pan and tilt are most effective when combined with the tripod

These shots can be successfully achieve hand held with practice

Zoom ShotZoom Shot

This shot moves the audience closer into the subject

The camera remains stationary and the focal length of the lens is pulled

A reverse zoomreverse zoom moves out from the subject

The zoom shot focuses the viewers attention, while the reverse is used to transition out

Zoom ShotZoom Shot

Zoom shots work successfully when the movement is smooth and steady

Most cameras have external toggles for zoom controls

Dolly ShotDolly Shot

A Dolly shot shot moves towards or away from the subject

The camera is physically moved not changing of the focal length of the lens

Dolly in moves towards the subject Dolly out moves away from the

subject

Dolly ShotDolly Shot

A Dolly also refers to a camera mount with wheels

Some dollies move along tracks

Storyboarding is necessary to achieve this shot

Dolly in

Dolly Out

Truck ShotTruck Shot

The camera physically follows the subject matter left to right or right to left

Used in walking shots to follow the subject

The camera is usually on a dolly and in large budget productions has tracks

Truck ShotTruck Shot

This movement is called trucking

Arc ShotArc Shot

The subject stays stationary in the centre while the camera moves around in an arc left or right

A continuous arc makes a complete circle around the subject.

This shot is often used in music videos and romantic scenes

Arc ShotArc Shot

Shot MovementsShot Movements

Rapid pans, tilts, repeated zooms can make your audience feel motion sick

The standard shot rule is stationary – motion – stationary

If you edit or cut away in the middle of movement, you may make your viewer disoriented

Shot MovementsShot Movements

There are five basic ways to achieve shot and camera movement:

Hand heldHand held Camera LensCamera Lens TripodTripod DollyDolly SteadicamSteadicam

Shot LengthsShot Lengths

The length each shot depends on the scene and what you want to accomplish

An action shot may last 20 sec A still shot may only last 3 sec Your goal is to gain and hold the

audience's attention and understanding

ReviewReview

Camera ShotsCamera Shots Camera AnglesCamera Angles Camera MovementsCamera Movements Camera SupportsCamera Supports

Camera ShotsCamera Shots

There are three basic camera shots:

Long ShotLong ShotMedium ShotMedium ShotClose Up ShotClose Up Shot

Other Camera ShotsOther Camera Shots

Other camera shots include:

Extreme Close Up Shot Extreme Close Up Shot Extreme Long ShotExtreme Long ShotOver the Shoulder ShotOver the Shoulder ShotCut Away ShotCut Away ShotTwo/Three ShotTwo/Three Shot

Shot AnglesShot Angles

There are three basic shot angles:

Eye LevelEye LevelLow AngleLow AngleHigh AngleHigh Angle

Other Shot AnglesOther Shot Angles

Other shot angles include:

Birds Eye AngleBirds Eye AngleReverse AngleReverse AnglePoint of View AnglePoint of View Angle

Shot MovementsShot Movements

There are six shot movement:

Pan Pan TiltTilt ZoomZoom DollyDolly TruckTruck ArcArc

Shot MovementsShot Movements

There are five ways to achieve shot or camera movement:

TripodTripod Hand heldHand held Camera LensCamera Lens DollyDolly SteadicamSteadicam