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Digital Village using C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi: A Case Study of Rohta Block (Meerut District, UP,India)

Content:1) Digital India Program2) BharatNet Project3) Rohta Block: Geography, Population, Infrastructure, Business cases4) C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi solution5) Collaboration with CSC6) Installation7) Services delivered using C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi8) Conclusion9) About C-DOT

Digital India Program

Digital India is a flagship program of Govt. Of India to create digital infrastructure and proliferate digital connectivity in every nooks and corner of our country and empower every citizen through digitally inclusive economy.

Cities in the past were built on riverbanks. They are now built along highways. But in the future, they will be built based on availability of optical fibre networks and next-generation infrastructures.

Vision:• Digital Infrastructure as a core utility for every citizen• Governance and services on demand• Digital empowerment of citizens• Safe and secure cyber space

The Digital India program has the potential to provide an incremental 20-30% increase in India's GDP by 2025.

Overview:

BharatNet Project

BharatNet is a very ambitious and fully funded program of Govt. Of India to connect every Indian village though Optical Fibre Infrastructure. India has 2.5 lakh (250 hundred thousand) Gram Panchayats which comprises of 6 lakh villages (6 hundred thousand).

A Gram Panchayat (GP) is the main hub for citizen centric activities. It has government office, school, health care centre, market place for farmers, shops etc. It functions as business centre for nearby villages and its citizens.

BharatNet project is conceived to provide Digital Connectivity in each of Gram Panchayat through Optical Fibre network. Presently more than 1 lakh (1 hundred thousand) GPs are already connected under this program and work to cover rest of GPs is underway and expected to be completed by 2019. A bandwidth of 100 Mbps is provided initially and it is planned to provide a Gbps bandwidth in future.

Note: C-DOT GPON Technology is used to create Optical Fibre Infrastructure in BharatNet program.

Government is offering various citizen centric services such as e-governance, e-health, e-education, current pricing of crops, e-banking etc.

It is empowering citizens and bringing them in mainstream economy.

Rohta Block of Meerut District: Geography, Population, Infrastructure, Business cases

Rohta Block is a village panchayat located in the Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh state, India. Lucknow is the state capital of Uttar Pradesh. It is located around 582 kilometres away from Rohta Block. Delhi is situated at a distance of 81 KM.

Location The latitude 29.034634 and longitude 77.546883 are the geo-coordinate of the Rohta block.Population The Rohta Block has population of 1,22,140 of which 65,423 are males while 56,717 arefemales as per Population Census 2011 and the literacy rate is 64%. The native language ofRohta is Hindi, Urdu.

Fig 1: Google map view of Rohta Block of Meerut district

There are total 32 Gram Panchayats (GP) in Rohta block. 10 GPs are made digital through C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi in Phase I. Rest of GPs are made digital in Phase II. Systems are powered on using solar power supply available at ONT location (Fiber location).

List of Gram Panchayat of Rohta block covered in Phase I for C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi installation:

S.No Gram Panchayat Name

GPS location

Fiber backhaulAvailability (ONT)

Users

1.DALAMPUR

29.019233, 77.516816

Anganwadi Kendra Residential location.

2.DUNGAR

29.044975, 77.591693

primary government school

Students and villagers around theschool.

3.

DURJANPUR

29.087198, 77.537051

Gram Panchayat Building

Users are government officials, visitors and residence around the GP.

4.HASANPUR RAZAPUR

29.076133, 77.490018



5.JANGETHI

29.043645, 77.639115

Primary school Students and villagers around theschool.

6.

KAITHWARI

29.063314, 77.475959



7.

MIRZAPUR

29.069173, 77.536446



8.

PUTH KHAS

29.028975, 77.582716

police station Shops are across the road. Shop owners and customers are primary user for business activities.

9.

RAMPUR MOTI

29.076909, 77.538118



10.RASULPUR ZAHID

29.029321, 77.467565



List of Gram Panchayat of Rohta block covered in Phase II for C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi installation are as below:

S.No Gram Panchayat Name

GPS location

Fiber backhaulAvailability

(ONT)

Users

1. ALAMGIR PUR

29º00'32.4" N, 77º29'30.0" E

GP Building Users are government officials, visitors and residence around the GP.

2.ARNAWALI

29º01'22.1" N, 77º36'17.1" E


3.AZAMPUR

29º01'01.3" N, 77º35'27.4" E


4.BARAM

29º03'53.8" N, 77º33'52.1" E


5.BHADAURA

29º02'33.1" N, 77º30'36.4" E


6.BHOLA

29º00'29.5" N, 77º34'16.5" E


7. CHINDORI KHAS

29º03'27.15"N, 77º52'01.86" E


8.GHASAULI

29º02'86.16"N, 77º62'69.54" E


9.JANJOKHAR

29º04'00.62" N, 77º61'19.42" E


10.KALYANPUR

29º00'76.34" N, 77º48'60.56" E


11.MIRPUR

28º56'16.08" N, 77º28'10.01" E


12.NARANGPUR

29º04'56.05" N, 77º30'40.00" E


13.PEPLA

28º59'44.05" N, 77º37'01.08" E


14. RASNA MOHAMMADPUR AKBARPUR

29º04'28.04" N, 77º32'41.05" E


15. RASULPUR ROHTA

29º01'53.1" N, 77º32'17.3" E


16.SALAHPUR

29º02'26.1" N, 77º34'16.6" E


17. SHAHPUR JAINPUR

29º00'00.0" N. 77º35'50.4" E


18. SHEKHPURI28º59'38.0" N, 77º35'22.4" E

School Building Students and villagers around the school.

19. SINDHAWALI29º00'30.0" N, 77º37'30.5" E


20. THIROT29º01'15.3" N, 77º29'20.1" E


21. UKHLEENA29º00'01.5" N, 77º28'48.3" E


22. KANAUNI29º02'31.5" N, 77º27'55.7" E


Business Cases:

Schools, hospitals, government buildings, shops, vegetable markets, farmer mandis etc. are the major places where digital connectivity is essential. Villagers are connecting to internet for various activities such as booking train tickets, browsing videos, making digital identity, PAN cards etc. Students & teachers are using internet connection to teach and learn the educational contents.

C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi system

C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi is an ideal solution for providing cost-effective broadband services to urban, semi-urban, rural and unconnected areas. It is ideally suited for creating hotspots in and around schools/panchayatetc. of villages. It can also be used as backhaul for Wi-Fi hotspots and long-distance Wi-Fi which enablessignals to reach nearby villages (which eliminate the requirement of laying fibre cables from Gram

Panchayat Building to nearby village and provide substantial cost saving).

This solution is ideal for increasing the penetration of broadband services in difficult and inaccessibleterrains e.g. hilly areas, dense vegetation, islands and unconnected villages as it can work on direct solar feedand require no maintenance. It also provide multi radio platform which enables to make a village completelydigital through single solar Wi-Fi system.

Features:1. Multi sectored Wi-Fi, with each sector configurable in 2.4GHz or 5GHz operation, in hotspot / point

to point / point to multi point or mesh mode2. Supports 802.11 a/b/g/N/AC standards (with MIMO up to 4×4)3. Supports multiple SSID with in and across sectors4. Operator sharing per sector or across sectors.5. Multiple VLAN support within and across sectors

6. Multiple kinds of encryption, configurable per sector7. Extends fibre from block head quarter to village panchayat over Wi-Fi point to point links8. Supports three kinds of back haul.

a. Opticalb. Ethernetc. Wi-Fi

9. GPS support for location-based services10. Interference reduction in crowded deployment through patented clean channel algorithms.11. Dual power system and PoE support12. System designed to operate from 8V to 60V. This is particularly important as system can be powered

directly from solar panel, without need for battery. However, the system powers off when there is no sun light. These are particularly used at schools, banks, offices where broadband connectivity is re-quired only during day time.

13. Secondary power input is available where system is needed to operate 24x7.14. Low power operation, with system consuming less than 10 W with tri-sector operation.15. Configuration through Local GUI, EMS and Controller16. Integration with C-DOT Controller, AAA, Captive Portal or Third party core (such as CSC) for pub-

lic Wi-Fi Infrastructure.17. Modular design to suit our Indian environment

Typical Deployment of Solar Wi-Fi

Collaboration with CSC for Wi-Fi Choupal

About CSCCSC e-Governance Services India Limited is a Special Purpose Vehicle (CSC SPV) incorporatedunder the Companies Act, 1956 by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology(MeitY), Government of India, to monitor the implementation of the Common Services CentresScheme. It provides a centralized collaborative framework for delivery of services to citizensthrough CSCs, besides ensuring systemic viability and sustainability of the scheme.CSC has collaborated with C-DOT to create a Wi-Fi based infrastructure in the villages of MeerutDistrict to support delivery of internet services to the customers in the region to be deemed as aconcept smart village.

Objective of Wi-Fi ChoupalThe objective of Wi-Fi Choupal is to create a Wi-Fi zone using the BharatNet Infrastructure (ONTLocation) in the Gram Panchayat village. The target end-users will get 24×7 affordable internetconnection which citizen can use though their smartphone, tables or laptop. Also, the CSC serviceswill be extended to rural population directly to home. With this initiative there is a creation of business plan at GP level which motivates rural people toparticipate in online business and social-economic system. Also, it generates employmentopportunities by skill development on BharatNet and creation of recurring income avenues forVillage Level Entrepreneur (VLE). The maintenance of Infrastructure to be done at GP levelthrough the VLEs.

BharatNet envisages using of GPON technology for Block level to GP connectivity. For District toBlock HQ, it is left to existing infrastructure providers like BSNL to provide connectivity. However,the other infrastructure like RailTel or Power grid etc. may be used in future.Architecture of Wi-Fi Choupal involves extending of the BharatNet terminal node (which is anONT) at GP to a Wi-Fi Hotspot or Wi-Fi mesh network inside the GP village for the maximumcoverage. Multiple ONTs are aggregating at block level OLT and the OLT is connected to InternetService Gateway (ISG). This ISG provide following services to Wi-Fi customer: DHCP, AAAClient, NAT functionality, VLAN Tagging, Routing functionality, Transaction Logs (as per LIMrequirement), Captive portal, Voucher Management system etc.

Also, ISG have combo port (both af and GE ports) for the LAN and WAN connectivity. LANconnectivity is towards OLT and WAN connectivity is towards backbone/infrastructure providernetwork.

Coupons are generated in bulk with the various plan (Volume based, Time based, Denominationbased and Speed based) or the combination of plans and uploaded in the system. VLE can sell thesecoupons after the user registration (CAF form submission by the user and its online verificationusing the Aadhaar through GIF database). These coupons can be sold only to registered users andcoupon id and password will be used by the user for internet access through Wi-Fi.

The Wi-Fi terminals are configured in bridge mode and the IP addresses are allocated throughDHCP. All the traffic through one GP is tagged with VLAN id.

Installation

Services delivered using C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi

The Village Level Representative (VLR or VLE) is the service delivery person at GP level.Coupons are generated in bulk with the various plan (Volume based, Time based, Denominationbased and Speed based) or the combination of plans and uploaded in the system. VLR can sell these

coupons after the user registration (CAF form submission by the user and its online verificationusing the Aadhaar through NIC database). These coupons can be sold only to registered users andcoupon id and password will be used by the user for internet access through Wi-Fi.

Services offered on Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi Village: Create a Wi-Fi coverage zone in the village so as to cover all inhabited areas of the village.

Address the most challenging issue for any rural technology is powering. Consider alternate modes of powering (Solar) for the Wi-Fi and associate equipment.

Internet to Home:Digital Seva shall extend the BharatNet Internet connectivity not only through Wi-Fi for all but alsowill engage with subscribers who have higher usage and exclusive usage in a village.

Internet access to be extended at home.

Internet for Office & Business:With Digital Seva Kendra intervention the BharatNet termination in a village to be extended over Wi-Fi to connect last mile Govt. Agencies, small enterprises, school as customers, who really need connectivity i.e.

a) Post Office

b) Police Station

c) Primary Health Service

d) Primary/Secondary School

Major Services to be delivered after making the village Wi-Fi are as below:1. Govt. to Citizen Services:

a. PAN Card Services

b. Aadhaar Services

c. Passport Services

2. Business to Citizen Services:

a. Mobile Bill payment

b. Mobile Recharge

c. Insurance Premium (New/Renewal)

d. DTH Recharge

e. Instant Money Transfer/Micro ATM services

f. Bill Cloud for utility bill payment

g. IRCTC Services to book train ticket

3. Financial Services:

a. Banking Services

b. Insurance Services

c. Pension services

4. Education Services:

a. Adult Literacy Program

b. Digital Literacy Program

c. NIELIT Services

d. NIOS (National Institute of Open Schooling) Services

5. Agricultural Services:

a. Soil Information (Soil testing services for scientific tool to access inherent power of soil to supply plant nutrients)

b. Weather Information

6. Telemedicine Services:

a. Jan Aushadhi Scheme

b. Tele ophthalmology

c. Telemedicine-consult A doctor

7. e-Bazaar Services:

a. For selling authentic rural and handicraft product sourced directly from Rural India

Conclusion

The development of a modern optical fibre access network based on GPON technology is an“essential facility” with high social impact, beneficial for the Country in terms of economic growthand availability of new services for the citizens. Once 100 Mbps (in future 1Gbps) bandwidth isavailable in GPs, the last mile connectivity to citizens is planned over Wi-Fi. C-DOT Solar Wi-Fisolution is indigenously designed technology which is suited for our rural need. Indian villages haveits own challenges which can be address only with home grown technology. Rohta block of Meerutdistrict has been made digital through C-DOT Solar Wi-Fi solution.

High Speed Broadband network is the need of the hour. It not only brings information to thedoorstep of a citizen, it ushers into an era of social and economic parity among people. Dominoeffect of internet penetration is huge, creating tremendous job opportunities in the remotest part ofthe country, helping rural business to flourish and bring prosperity in the region. It is estimated thatevery 10% increase in internet penetration leads to 1.4 % increase on GDP of a country.

After Rohta block being made digital, there is an increase in many digital activities such as cashless

banking transactions, educational videos being shown during teaching and student access internet toclarify their doubts and complete their assignments. Farmers access the daily crops price fromcentral registry and get a good price for their crops in open market. Villagers are able to book theirtrain tickets on their mobiles. The impact is multifold.

About C-DOT

Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) is the Telecom Technology development centre ofthe Government of India. C-DOT has evolved, from a single mission oriented organization to anR&D centre, working on several important, cutting edge technologies. And, with the support it hasbeen receiving from the Government, especially in Projects of National Importance, the Centre willstrive to maintain its National relevance.

C-DOT is a working member of WBA and contributing in various working groups.

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