dilute solution & colligative properties-assignment.doc

8/14/2019 DILUTE SOLUTION & COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES-ASSIGNMENT.doc

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Sri Chaitanya IIT- JEE Academy

CHEMISTRY ASSIGNMENT

[Dilute Solution & Colligative Properties

J.IIT

***************************************************************************************

1. An azeotropic mixture of two liuid! "oil! at a lower temperature than either of them

when

1# it i! !aturated $# it doe! not de%iate from &aoult'! law

(# it !how! ne)ati%e de%iation from &aoult'! law

# it !how! po!iti%e de%iation from &aoult'! law

$. A !olution of a !u"!tance containin) 1.+,) per 1++ml wa! found to "e i!otonic with (

)luco!e !olution. The molecular wei)ht of the !u"!tance i!

1# ( $# (+ (# .( # (1.,

(. In cold countrie!/ enthylene )lycol i! added to water in the radiator! of car! durin)

winter!. It re!ult! in

1# lowerin) "oilin) point $# reducin) %i!co!ity

(# reducin) !pecific heat # lowerin) freezin) point

. 0ecmann thermometer mea!ure!

1# "oilin) point of the !olution $# freezin) point of the !olution (# any temperature

# ele%ation in "oilin) point or depre!!ion in freezin) point

,. 2hen 3)I$i! mixed with aueou! !olution of 4I/ then

1# freezin) point decrea!e $# freezin) point doe! not chan)e

(# freezin) point increa!e # "oilin) point remain! unchan)e!

. The freezin) point of +.+, molal !olution of a non-electrolyte in water i! 555555 . 4f6

1.7 ) mol-1.

1# 81.7+C $# 8 +.9(+C (# 8 +.+9(+C # +.9(+C

:. 2hich of the followin) +.1 ; aueou! !olution! will ha%e the lowe!t freezin) point

1# pota!!ium !ulphate $# !odium chloride (# urea # )luco!e

7. The


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$

9. The


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(

1# An azeotropic mixture $# a eutectic formation

(# that the liuid! are immi!ci"le with one another

# that the liuid! are partially mi!ci"le at the maximum or minimum

$+. Two !ol%ent! A and 0 ha%e fK %alue! 1.7 and $.:9 4 mole-1) re!pecti%ely. A )i%en

amount of a !u"!tance when di!!ol%ed in ,++) of A/ it completely dimerize! and when!ame amount of !u"!tance i! di!!ol%ed in ,++) of 0/ the !olute under)oe!

trimerization. 2hat will "e the ratio of o"!er%ed lowerin) of freezin) point in two ca!e!

for A and 0.

1# ( $ $# 1 1 (# $ ( # (

$1. 2hich inor)anic precipitate! act a! !emipermea"le mem"rane

1# calcium pho!phate $# "arium oxalate

(# nicel pho!phate # copper ferrocyanide

$$. 0y addin) water to the !olution of ionic compound it!

1# Concentration remain! !ame $# Concentration increa!e!

(# Ioni!ation may increa!e! # Concentration decrea!e!

$(. The proce!! of )ettin) fre!h water from !ea water i! nown a!

1# @!mo!i! $# Filtration (# Ge!altation # &e%er!e o!mo!i!

$. 2hich of the followin) plot! doe! not repre!ent the "eha%iour of an ideal "inary liuid

!olution

1# =lot of =A%er!u! HABmole fraction A in liuid pha!e# i! linear

$# =lot of =0%er!u! H0i! linear

(# =lot of =total%er!u! HABor H0# i! linear

# =lot of =total%er!u! HAi! non linear

$,. 2hich of the followin) plot! correctly repre!ent! the "eha%iour of an ideal "inary liuid!olution

1# =lot of HABmole fraction of A in liuid pha!e# %er!u! ABmole fraction of A in %apour

pha!e# i! linear

$# =lot of HA%er!u! 0i! linear

(# =lot of A1 X %er!u! A1 Y i! linear # =lot of A1 X %er!u! B1 Y i! linear

$. For an ideal "inary liuid !olution with0 0

A BP > P / which of the followin) relation! "etween

HA Bmole fraction of A in liuid pha!e# and A Bmole fraction A in %apour pha!e# i!

correctly repre!ented

1# HA6 0 $# HAD A (# HA A


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# HAand Acannot "e correlated with each other

$:. A "inary liuid !olution of chloroform and acetone i! prepared. 2hich of the followin)

!tatement! correctly repre!ent! the "eha%iour of thi! liuid !olution

1# The !olution formed i! an ideal !olution

$# The !olution formed i! non ideal !olution with po!iti%e de%iation! from &aoult'! law

(# The !olution formed i! non ideal !olution with ne)ati%e de%iation! from &aoult! law

# Chloroform exhi"it! po!iti%e de%iation wherea! acetone exhi"it! ne)ati%e de%iation

from &aoult'! law

$7. A !emi permea"le mem"rane u!ed in the mea!urement of o!motic pre!!ure of a

!olution allow! the pa!!a)e of

1# !ol%ent molecule! throu)h it $# !olute molecule! throu)h it

(# "oth !ol%ent and !olute molecule! throu)h it

# either !ol%ent or !olute and not "oth throu)h it

$9. In which mode of expre!!ion the concentration of !olution remain! independent of

temperature

1# ;olarity $# ?ormality (# Formality # ;olality

(+. If +.,+ mole of 0aCl$i! mixed with +.$+ mole of ?a(=@/ the maximum num"er of

mole! of 0a(B=@#$that can "e formed i!

1# +.1 $# +.$ (# +., # +.:

(1. (+ ml of !olution i! neutralized "y 1,ml of +.$? "a!e. The !tren)th of the acid !olution

i!

1# +.1 ? $# +.1, ? (# +.( ? # +. ?

($. A ,++) tooth pa!te !ample ha! +.$) fluoride concentration. 2hat i! the concentration

of F in term! of ppm le%el

1# $,+ $# $++ (# ++ # 1+++

((. Increa!in) the temperature of an aueou! !olution will cau!e

1# decrea!e in molality $# decrea!e in molarity

(# decrea!e in mole fraction # decrea!e in 2K2

(. 2hich of the followin) !olution! ha! the hi)he!t normality

1# 1.7) of 4@3K1 lit. $# ?-=ho!phoric acid (# ) of ?a@3K1++ ml# +.,m

3$S@

(,. 3ydrochloric acid !olution! A and 0 ha%e concentration! of +., ? and +.1 ?

re!pecti%ely. The %olume! of !olution! A and 0 reuired to mae $ litre! of +.$ ?3Cl

are


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,

1# +.,lit of A>1.,lit of 0 $# 1.,lit of A>+.,lit of 0

(# 1.+lit of A>1.+lit of 0 # +.:,lit of A>1.$,lit of 0

(. The molarity of pure water i!

1# ,,. $# ,+ (# 1++ # 17

(:. The mole fraction of water in $+ aueou! !olution of 3$@$i!

1# 77 68 $# 68 77 (# 20 80 # 80 20

(7.


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1# one molal ?aCl !olution $# one molal 4Cl !olution

(# one molal CaCl$!olution # one molal urea !olution

7. The freezin) point of 1 molal ?aCl !olution a!!umin) ?aCl to "e 1++ di!!ociated in

water i! 4f6 1.7 43@ mol-1.

1# 81.7+

C $# 8(.:$+

C (# >1.7+

C # >(.:$+

C

9. +.+1; !olution each of urea/ common !alt and ?a$S@ are taen/ the ratio of

depre!!ion of freezin) point i!

1# 1 1 1 $# 1 $ 1 (# 1 $ ( # $ $ (

,+. 2hat i! the molality of a !olution of a certain !olute in a !ol%ent if there i! a freezin)

point depre!!ion of +.17+C and the freezin) point con!tant i! 17..

1# +.+1 $# 1 (# +.++1 # 1++

,1. The %apour pre!!ure of a liuid in a clo!ed container depend! upon

1# amount of liuid $# !urface area of the container

(# temperature # none of the a"o%e

,$. The temperature at which the %apour pre!!ure i! eual to the external pre!!ure i!

called the

1# critical temperature $# "oilin) point

(# normal point # !aturation point

,(. 2hat would happen if a thin !lice of !u)ar "eet i! placed in a concentrated !olution of

?aCl

1# Su)ar "eet will lo!e water from it! cell!

$# Su)ar "eet will a"!or" water from !olution

(# Su)ar "eet will neither a"!or" nor lo!e water

# Su)ar "eet will di!!ol%e in !olution

,. The freezin) point of the water i! depre!!ed "y +.+(:+C in a +.+1 mole! ?aCl !olution.

The freezin) point of a +.+$ mol !olution of !ucro!e in +C i!

1# 8+.+(:+ $# 8+.+17, (# 8+.+:+ # 8+.17,+

,,. The o!motic pre!!ure of !olution increa!e! if

1# Temperature i! decrea!ed $# Solution con!tant i! increa!ed

(# ?um"er of !olute molecule! i! increa!ed #


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:

,:. Solution! with !ame o!motic pre!!ure are called

1# 3ypertonic $# 3ypotonic (# I!otonic # ?ormal

,7. 2hich of the followin) correctly expre!!e! the x# (# ( )i = 1 - x 2 # ( )i = 1 + x 2

,. 2hich of the followin) !olution ha! o!motic pre!!ure nearer to that euimolar !olution

of [ ]4 6K Fe(CH)

1# ?a$S@ $# 0aCl$ (# Al$BS@#( # C1$3$$@11

. The aueou! !olution with the lowe!t freezin) point of the followin) )roup i!

1# +.+1 ; ;)S@ $# +.+1 ; ?aCl (# +.+1 ; C$3,@3 # +.++7 ; ;)Cl$

:. 2hen two !olution! are !eparated "y a !emi permea"le mem"rane and there i! no flowof the !ol%ent acro!! the mem"rane/ the !olution! are !aid to "e

1# hypertonic $# hypotonic (# i!otonic # none


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7

7. If =Ai! the %apour pre!!ure of a pure liuid A and the mole fraction of A in the mixture

of two liuid! A and 0 i! x the partical %apour pre!!ure of A i!

1# B1 8 x#=A $# x =A (# Ax (1- x)P # ( ) A1- x x P

9. The freezin) point depre!!ion con!tant 4fdepend! on

1# propertie! of pure !ol%ent $# propertie! of pure !olute

(# propertie! of !olute and !ol%ent # alway! con!tant for all !olute! and

!ol%ent!

:+. The mo!t liely of the followin) mixture! to "e an ideal !olution i!

1# ?aCl 8 3$@ $# C$3,- @3 8 C3 (# C:31Bl# 8 3$@ # C:31Bl# C7317Bl#

:1. For [ ]3 3CrCl x!H / ele%ation in 0= of one molal !olution i! dou"le of one molal urea

!olution/ hence x i! Bcomplex i! 1++ ionized#

1# $# , (# # none of the!e

:$. N&elati%e lowerin) in %apour pre!!ureO of a !olution containin) one mol. 4$S@in ,)m

3$@ i! B4$S@in 1++ ionized#

1# 1 "" $# 3 "8 (# 3 4 # 1 2

:(.


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9

1#0 0 0

A B AP - P P $#

0 0 0

A B BP - P P (#

0 0 0

B A AP - P P #

0 0 0

B A BP - P P

7+. ;ole fraction of A %apour! a"o%e !olution in mix of A and 0 ( )AX = 04 will "e

0 0

A BP 100 P 200 = =

1# +. $# +.7 (# +.$, # none

71. If relati%e decrea!e in ( mol 0 B%olatile liuid!# ( )0 0A BP = 300 P =100 / mol fraction of 0 in %apour!tate a"o%e !olution i!

1# +.:, $# +.$, (# +.,+ # +.

7(. 2hich i! true a"out ideal !olution!

1# the chan)e in %olume of mixin) i! zero $# the chan)e enthalpy of mixin) i! zero

(# "oth 1 and $ # none of the!e

7.


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1+

B$# =lot CG !how! that Galton! law of partial pre!!ure! i! o"!er%ed "y the "inary

!olution! of component! A and 0

B(# EF>0P6P3/ and AC and 0G corre!pond to the %apour pre!!ure! of the pure

!ol%ent! A and 0 re!pecti%ely. Select the correct an!wer u!in) the code! )i%en

"elow

1# 1 and $ $# $ and ( (# 1 and ( # 1/ $ and (

79. An ideal liuid !olution/ the plot of A A1 X *er, 1 Y Bwhere AX and AY are the mole

fraction! of A in liuid and %apour pha!e# i! linear with !lope and intercept eual to

1#0 0 0

B A A

0 0

B B

P - P P

P P$#

0 0 0

B A B

0 0

B A

P - P P

P P(#

0 0 0

A B A

0 0

B B

P P - P

P P#

0 0 0

B B A

0 0

A B

P P - P

P P

PART A

1. The %apour pre!!ure of liuid! A and 0 at 1+++C are (+++mm and 1++ mm of 3)

re!pecti%ely. A mixture of two liuid! formin) ideal !olution at 1+++C exert! a %apour

pre!!ure in )a!eou! pha!e in which A and 0 are one mole each in %apour pha!e.

Calculate the %apour pre!!ure of mixture and the mole fraction of liuid mixture in

which two liuid! are mixed.

[ ]A& 1 4 3 4 1"0

$. A mixture of ethyl alcohol and propyl alcohol ha! a


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11

4f6 1.74 ) mol-1

0A& 00024 C

:. 3ow much ice will !eparate if a !olution containin) 1+) of ethylene )lycol in 1++) of

water i! cooled to 81++C 4ffor [email protected] 4 mole-1).

[ ]A& 7000 /

7. At ++C %apour pre!!ure of 3$@ and it! !olution of 7.9) ?a?@(in 1++) water are .$

and .7(mm re!pecti%ely. Calculate de)ree of ionization of ?a?@(.

[ ]A& 6.8

9. A !olution of +.() of an or)anic compound in ,+ml of "enzene Bden!ity +.7:9 )Kml#

lowered it! freezin) point from ,.,1+C to ,.+(+C. Calculate the molecular wei)ht of

!olid. 4ffor "enzene i! ,.1$ 4 mole

-1

)..

[ ]A& 1"606

1+. Calculate the freezin) point of an aueou! !olution of a non electrolyte ha%in) an

o!motic pre!!ure $.+ atm at (++ 4. 4f6 1.7 4 mole-1) and & 6 +.+7$1 litre atm 4-1

mol-1.

0A& - 01"1 C

11. A 1 4Cl !olution i! ionized to the extent of 7$. 2hat would "e it! o!motic pre!!ure17+C.

[ ]A& "836 %t

1$. A , !olution of )luco!e i! i!otonic with 1.1 !olution of 4Cl at (++C. Calculate de)ree

of ionization of 4Cl.

[ ]A& 882.

1(. The %apour pre!!ure of a !olution containin) $) of an electrolyte 0A in 1++) water

which di!!ociate! in one 0>and one A 8ion in water i! :,1 mm at 1+++C. Calculate

de)ree of ionization of 0A if it! mol.wt. i! ,.

[ ]A& 8641

1. A !olution containin) $7) pho!phorou! in (1,) CS$B".p. .(+C# "oil! at :.97+C.41" for

CS$ i! $.( 4 mole-1 ). Calculate m.wt. of pho!phorou! and deduce it! molecular

formula. A!!ume it! complete a!!ociation

[ ]4A& P

1,. The freezin) point of a !olution containin) +.$) of acetic acid in $+.+) "enzene i!

lowered "y +.,+C. Calculate the de)ree of a!!ociation of acetic acid in "enzene.

A!!ume acetic acid dimerize! in "enzene. 4ffor "enzene 6 ,.1$ 4 mole-1)


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1$

[ ]A& .4"

1. Calculate the molal lowerin) of %apour pre!!ure for 3$@ at 1+++C.

[ ]A& 1368

1:. Calculate the amount of urea in 1++ml of a !olution at $,+

C/ who!e o!motic pre!!ure i!$+. atm

[ ]A& "002.

17. Gry air wa! !ucce!!i%ely pa!!ed throu)h a !olution of ,) !olute in 7+) water and then

throu)h pure water. The lo!! in wei)ht of !olution wa! $.,) and that of pure water wa!

+.+). 2hat i! mol.wt. of !olute

[ ]A& 7031

19. Calculate the Ba# molar concentration and B"# molality of a !ulphuric acid !olution of

den!ity 1.1) cm-(/ containin) $: ma!! percent of !ulphuric acid. For what

%olume !hould 1++ml of thi! acid "e diluted to prepared 1.,? !olution

[ ]A& = 404. l

$+. A current of dry air wa! pa!!ed throu)h a !erie! of "ul"! containin) 1.$,) of a !olute

A$0 in ,+) of water and then throu)h pure water. The lo!! in wei)ht of the former

!erie! of "ul"! wa! +.97) and in the later !erie! +.+1). If the molecular wei)ht of A$0 i!

7+/ calculate de)ree of di!!ociation of A$0.

An!+.:

$1. Two element! A and 0 form compound! ha%in) molecular formula A0$and A0. 2hen

di!!ol%ed in $+) of "enzene. 1.+) of A0$lower! of freezin) point "y $.(+C. 2here a!

1.+)m of A0lower! the freezin) point "y 1.(+C. Calculate the molar ma!!e! of A and

0. Pi%en 4fB"enzene# 6 ,.1 ) mol-1.

[ ]A& 2"6 426"

$$. 7.+,:,1+-$) of Plau"er'! !alt i! di!!ol%ed in water to o"tain 1 dm (of a !olution ofden!ity 1+::.$ )m-(. Calculate the molarity/ molality and mole fraction of ?a$S@ in

the !olution.

[ ]A& 02" 024 00043

$(. Getermine the %olume of dilute nitric acid Bden!ity 1.11) cm-119 ma!! 3?@(#. That

can "e prepared "y dilutin) ,+.+ cm(of concentrated acid Bden!ity 1.$) cm ) cm -(/

9.7 ma!! 3?@(#. Calculate the molaritie! and molalitie! of concentrated and dilute

acid!.

[ ]A& 1"73 3667 33" 372 *=2348


13/26

1(

$. The freezin) point of +.+$ mole fraction !olution of acetic acid in "enzene i! $::.4.

A!!umin) molality eual to molarity/ calculate 4cfor the euili"rium reaction

( )-1f f$ = 2784 K K "K / le=

[ ]A& 321".

$,. An aueou! !olution containin) , "y wei)ht of urea and 1+ "y wei)ht of )luco!e.

2hat will "e it! freezin) point 4ffor 3$@ i! 1.7 4 mole-1).

0A& - 304 C

$. Concentrated 3?@(ha! a !pecific )ra%ity of 1.$ and i! 9 ma!! in 3?@(/ what ma!!

of 3?@( i! contained in (++ m of thi! ren)ent 2hat %olume of thi! concentrated

3?@("e diluted to o"tain 7++ m of +.$+ ; 3?@ (

[ ]A& 2.3.4/

$:. If "oilin) point of an aueou! !olution i! 1++.1+C. 2hat i! it! freezin) point Pi%en

latent heat of fu!ion and %aporization of water are 7+ cal ) -1 and ,+ cal )-1

re!pecti%ely.

0A& - 0361 C

$7. A certain ma!! of a !u"!tance when di!!ol%ed in 1++) C3lower! the freezin) point "y

1.$7+C. The !ame ma!! of !olute di!!ol%ed in 1++) of water lower! the freezin) point

"y 1.++C. If the !u"!tance ha! normal molecular wei)ht in "enzene and i! completelydi!!ociated in water/ into how many ion! doe! it di!!ociate in water 4ffor 3$@ and

C3are 1.7 and ,.1$ 4 mole-1) re!pecti%ely.

[ ]A& 3

$9. 1) of mono "a!ic acid in 1++) of water lower! the freezin) point "y +.17+. If +.$) of

!ame acid reuire! 1,.1ml of ?K1+ alali for complete neutralization/ calculate de)ree

of di!!ociation of acid. 4ffor 3$@ i! 1.7 4 mole-1).

[ ]A& = 1.6

(+. To ,++ cm( of water/ (1+-( ) of acetic acid i! added. If $( of acetic acid i!

di!!ociated. 2hat will "e the expre!!ion in freezin) point 461.7 4 )>1mole-1and

d6+.99: )Kcm(.

[ ]A& 022.

(1. A tu"e of uniform cro!!-!ectional area 1 cm$i! clo!ed at one end with !emi permea"le

mem"rane. A !olution of ,)m )luco!e per 1++ml i! placed in!ide the tu"e and i!

dipped in pure water at $:+C. 2hen euili"rium i! e!ta"li!hed calculated

1# o!motic pre!!ure of !olution

$# hei)ht de%eloped in %ertical column. A!!ume den!ity of )luco!e !olution 1 )mKml.


14/26

1

[ ]A& 6841 %t 7043

($. The molar %olume of liuid "enzene Bd6+.7:: )Kml# increa!e! "y a factor of $:,+ a! it

%aporize! at $++C and that of liuid toluene Bd6+.7: )Kml# increa!e! "y a factor of

::$+ at $++C. A !olution of "enzene and toluene at $++C ha! a %apour pre!!ure of /

Torr. Find the mole fraction of "enzene with %apour a"o%e the !olution.

[ ]A& 073

((. A 1.$ !olution BwtK%olume# of ?aCl i! i!otonic with :.$ !olution BwtK%olume# of

)luco!e. Calculate de)ree of ionization and 9+/

where H"i! the mole fraction of C3. A !olution i! prepared "y mixin) 9() "enzene

and :7) toluene and if the %apour! o%er thi! !olution i! remo%ed and cooled.

Calculate the mole fraction in %apour !tate a"o%e the !olution

[ ]A& 0.3

(:. A !olution compri!in) +.1mol of naphthalene and +.9mol of "enzene i! cooled until

!ome "enzene freeze! out. The !olution i! then decanted off from the !olid and

warmed to (,( 4. 2here it! %apour pre!!ure i! found to "e :+ torr. The freezin) and

normal "oilin) point of "enzene are $:7., 4 and (,( 4/ re!pecti%ely and it! enthalpy of

fu!ion i! 1+.: J mol

-1

. Calculate the temperature to which the !olution wa! cooledori)inally and the amount of "enzene that mu!t ha%e freezen out. A!!ume condition!

of ideal !olution.

[ ]A& 2703. K

(7. The %apour pre!!ure! of two pure liuid! A and 0 that form an ideal !olution are (++

and 7++ torr/ re!pecti%ely/ at temperature T. A mixture of the %apour! of A and 0 for

which the mole-fraction of A i! +.$, i! !lowly compre!!ed at temperature T. Calculate

Ba# the compo!ition of the fir!t drop of the conden!ate

B"# the total pre!!ure when thi! drop i! formed

Bc# the compo!ition of the !olution who!e normal "oilin) point i! T.


15/26

1,

Bd# the pre!!ure when only the la!t "u""le of %apour remain!

Be# compo!ition of the la!t "u""le

[ ]A A AA& (%) X 047 (5) "6" $rr () X 008 (') 67" $rr (e) X 011= = =

(9. The den!ity of a ( molal !odium thio!ulphate !olution i! 1.$,) cm -(. Calculate the

percenta)e "y ma!! of !odium thio!ulphate/ Bii# the mole fraction of !odium

thio!ulphate/ and Biii# molaritie! of ?a>and2 -

2 3# ion!

1# $.:1 $# +.+,1 (# .( # $.1,

+. The freezin) point of an aueou! !olution of 4C? containin) +.179$ mol )-1wa! 8

+.:++C. @n addin) +.+9, mol. of 3) BC?#$/ the freezin) point of the !olution wa! 8

+.,(7+C. A!!umin) that the complex i! formed accordin) to the euation.

- ) -

2 )+2H/(C!) +C! H/(C!) . Find the formula of the complex. B4f6 1.7 4 ) mol -1#

[ ] 2

4A& H/(C!)

PART !

1. At $:+C two !olution! of )luco!e in water of concentration +.+1; and +.++1; are

!eparated "y !emipermea"le mem"rane with re!pect to water. @n what !olution/

pre!!ure need "e applied to pre%ent o!mo!i! Calculate ma)nitude of thi! applied

pre!!ure.

[ ]A& 02217 %t

$. An aueou! !olution of )luco!e "oil! at 1++.+1+C. The molal ele%ation con!tant for

water i! +., 4 ) mole-1. 2hat i! the num"er of )luco!e molecule in the !olution

containin) 1++) water.

21A& 12 10

(. +.7) of a !u"!tance wa! di!!ol%ed in 1+.) C3. The freezin) point of "enzene wa!

lowered "y 1.7+C. Calculate m.2t. of !u"!tance. ;olecular depre!!ion con!tant for"enzene i! ,+ 4 mole-11++).

[ ]A& 12"7.

. A , "y wei)ht !olution of cane !u)ar in water ha! freezin) point of 8$+C calculate the

f.pt. of , "y wei)ht !olution of )luco!e in water if freezin) point of pure water i! ++C.

0A& - 38 C

,. The %apour pre!!ure of an aueou! !olution of )luco!e i! :,+mm of 3) at (:( 4.Calculate molality and mole fraction of !olute.

[ ]A& 0741


16/26

1

. Calculate the relati%e lowerin) in


17/26

1:

1,. A !olution i! prepared from $.:) of an unnown compound and 11.+) of acetone at

(1(4. The %apour pre!!ure of pure acetone at thi! temperature i! +.,$ atm and that

of the acetone a"o%e the !olution i! +.,+1 atm. Calculate the molar ma!! of the

unnown compound.

[ ]A& 2677

1. 2hen $) of a non%olatile hydrocar"on containin) 9. percent car"on i! di!!ol%ed in

1++) "enzene/ the %apour pre!!ure of "enzene i! lowered from :. Torr to :.+1

Torr. Getermine the molecular formula of the hydrocar"on.

[ ]14 10A& C H

1:. The den!ity of a ( molal !odium thio!ulphate !olution i! 1.$,) cm -(. Calculate the

percenta)e "y ma!! of !odium thio!ulphate/ Bii# the mole fraction of !odium

thio!ulphate/ and Biii# molaritie! of ?a>and2 -

2 3# ion!

1# $.:1 $# +.+,1 (# .( # $.1,

17. 2hat %olume of 1.+ ;3Cl mu!t "e added to ,+.+ m of +.,+; 3Cl to )i%e a !olution

who!e concentration i! +. ;

[ ]A& 12"

19. At 1+++C/ "enzene and toluene ha%e %apour pre!!ure! of 1(,: and ,,7 Torr/

re!pecti%ely. A!!umin) the!e two form an ideal "inary !olution. Calculate the

compo!ition of the !olution that "oil! at 1 atm and 1++

+

C. 2hat i! the compo!ition of%apour i!!uin) at the!e condition!

1# H06 +.$: $#1

BX 0447= (# $X 07"3= # HT6 +.,,(

$+. Calculate o!motic pre!!ure of a !olution containin) 1++ml of (. !olution B"y %olume#

of urea Bm.wt.+# and ,+ ml of 1. !olution B"y %olume# of cane !u)ar Bm.wt.($# at

$:+C.

[ ]A& .704

$1. The molarity of ?3(in an aueou! !olution i! 11.7 mol dm-(. The den!ity of the !olution

i! +.91) cm-(. Getermine 1# molality $# ma!! percent and (# mole fraction of ?3(

[ ]A& 16" l/

$$. 2hat i! the mole fraction of "enzene in a "enzene-toluene !olution that i! in-

euili"rium with a %apour pha!e containin) +.+ mol C3 Pi%en = B"enzene#69,.1

mm 3) and =Btoluene#6$7. mm 3).

[ ]A& 031


18/26

17

$(. The den!ity of a (.:$; !olution of )lycerol ( )3 8 3C H in water at $97 4 i! 1.+::) cm-(.

The %apour pre!!ure of pure water at thi! temperature i! $(.: Torr. Calculate the

%apour pre!!ure of water a"o%e the !olution.

[ ]A& 21 $rr

$. Chloro acetic acid ha! 461.9(1+-(;. Calculate the freezin) point of +.1; !olution ofthi! acid. A!!ume that molarity and molality ha%e identical %alue!. 4fBwater#61.7 4

) mol-1.

0A& - 021 C

$,. Two liuid! A and 0 form ideal !olution at (++4. The %apour pre!!ure of a !olution

containin) one mole of A and four mole! of 0 i! ,+mm of 3). At the !ame

temperature. If one mole of 0 i! taen out from the !olution/ the %apour pre!!ure of

!olution decrea!e! "y 1+mm of 3). Calculate %apour pre!!ure! of A and 0 in pure

!tate.

[ ]A& 400 600

$. 3ow much ice will !eparate if a !olution containin) $,) of ethylene )lycol in 1++) of

water i! cooled to 81++C 4ffor 3$@ 6 1.7 4 mole-1).

[ ]A& 2"00 /

$:. At ++C %apour pre!!ure of 3$@ and it! !olution of 7.9) ?a?@(in 1++) water are .$

and .7( mm re!pecti%ely. Calculate de)ree of ioni!ation of ?a?@(.

[ ]A& 6.8

$7. 3ow much of concentrated 3$S@of den!ity 1.7) cm-(and containin) 97 ma!! percent

of 3$S@mu!t "e diluted to prepare 1++ cm(of the $+ ma!! percent 3$S@of den!ity

1.1) cm-(

[ ]A& 1264

$9. A !olution containin) (+) of non%olatile !olute in exactly 9+) water ha! a %apourpre!!ure of $1.7, mm 3) at $,+C. Further 17) of water i! then added to the !olution.

The re!ultin) !olution ha! %apour pre!!ure of $$.17 mm 3) at $,+C. Calculate Ba#

molar ma!! of the !olute and B"# %apour pre!!ure of water at $,+C.

[ ]A& 23.. H/

(+. A !olution contain! (.$$) of 3cl@$in :.+) of water. The freezin) point of the !olution

i! $:1.1+ 4. Calculate the fraction of 3cl@$that under)oe! di!!ociation to 3>and-

2Cl .

Pi%en 4fBwater# 6 1.7 4 ) mol-1

.

[ ]A& = 002


19/26

19

(1. The addition of () of a !u"!tance to 1++) CClB; 6 1,) mol-1# rai!e! the "oilin) point

of CCl "y +.++C. If 4" BCCl# i! ,.+( 4.mol-1 )/ calculate Ba# the freezin) point

depre!!ion/ B"# the relati%e lowerin) of %apour pre!!ure/ Bc# the o!motic pre!!ure at

$974 and Bd# the molar ma!! of the !u"!tance. Pi%e 4f BCCl#6(1.7 4 ) mol-1 and

=B!olution#61.) cm-(.

[ ]A& 466. %t 9 2"1

[ ]A& 1127

PASSAGES

I" Consider following law for the solution of a gas in a solvent and answer the

questions at the end of it.

#T$e solu%ilit o' a gas in a li(ui) is )ire*tl proportional to t$e pressure o'

t$e gas+"

1. Select correct !tatement

1# ?3(i! !olu"le in water due to hydro)en "ondin) a! well a! due to formation of ion!

$# Pa!e! which can "e liuefied ea!ily are more !olu"le in water than the )a!e! which

cannot "e liuefied

(# 0oth of the a"o%e are incorrect # 0oth of the a"o%e are correct

$. An ionic compound that attract! atmo!pheric water !o !tron)ly that a hydrate i!

formed i! !aid to "e

1# dilute $# hy)ro!copic (# immi!ci"le # mi!ci"le

(. The !olu"ility of )a!e! in liuid!

1# increa!e with increa!e in pre!!ure and temperature

$# decrea!e! with increa!e in pre!!ure and temperature

(# increa!e! with increa!e in pre!!ure and decrea!e in temperature

# decrea!e! with increa!e in pre!!ure and increa!e in temperature

. The !olu"ility of ?$B)# in water expo!ed to the atmo!phere/ when the partial pre!!ure i!

,9( mm i! ,.(1+- ;. It !olu"ility at :+mm and at the !ame temperature i!

1# .11+- ; $# .71+- ; (# 1,++ ; # $++ ;

II" Following statement is considered to define colligative properties: Answer

the questions at the end of it.

Properties ,$ose values )epen) onl on t$e *on*entration o' solute parti*les

in solution an) not on t$e i)entit o' t$e solute are *alle) *olligativeproperties"

1. Acetic acid in "enzene !olution form! dimmer due to intermolecular 3-"ondin). For

thi! ca!e %an't 3off factor i!


20/26

$+

1# i 6 1 $# i D 1 (# i 1 #

inclu!i%e

$. If p4 a6 - lo) 4a6 / and 4a 6 Cx$ then %ant'! 3off factor for wea mono"a!ic acid

when C6+.+1 ; i!

1# 1.+1 $# 1.+$ (# 1.1+ # 1.$+

(. An aueou! !olution of +.+1; C3(C@@3 ha! %an't 3off factor of 1.+1. If p3 6 -lo)+H

/ p3 of +.+1; C3(C@@3 !olution would "e

1# $ $# ( (# # ,

. In which ca!e %an't 3off factor i! maximum

1# 4Cl/ ,+ ionized $# 4 $S@+ ionized

(# SnCl/ $+ ionized # FeCl(/ (+ ionized

,. A complex containin) 4>/ =t BI


21/26

$1

(. A complex of iron and cyanide ion! i! 1++ ionized at 1m Bmolal#. If it! ele%ation in

".p. i! $.+7+ ( )0 -15K = 0"2 l / then the complex i!

1# [ ]3 6K Fe(C!) $# 2Fe(C!) (# [ ]4 6K Fe(C!) # 4Fe(C!)

. Select correct !tatement

1# 3eat! of %aporization for a pure !ol%ent and for a !olution are !imilar "ecau!e

!imilar intermolecular force! "etween !ol%ent molecule! mu!t "e o%ercome in "oth

ca!e!.

$# Entropy chan)e "etween !olution and %apour i! !maller than the entropy chan)e

"etween pure !ol%ent and %apour

(# 0oilin) point of the !olution i! lar)er than that of the pure !ol%ent

# All are correct !tatement!

,. Con!ider followin) term!

BI# m4" BII# m4"i BIII#5

$

i

BI


22/26

$$

1#H - :

#

$#H

#

(#:

#

##

H

$. Freezin) point of a !olution i! !maller than that point of a !ol%ent. It i! due to

1# 3 of !olution and !ol%ent i! almo!t identical !ince intermolecular force! "etween

!ol%ent molecule! are in%ol%ed

$# S of the !olution i! lar)er than that for the !ol%ent

(# S of the !olution i! !maller than that of the !ol%ent

# 3 of !olution i! much hi)her than of !ol%ent "ut S of !olution i! !maller than that

of the !ol%ent

(. Select correct !tatement

1# Solution ha! more molecular randomne!! than a pure !ol%ent ha!/ the entropy

chan)e "etween !olution and !olid i! lar)er than the entropy chan)e "etween pure

!ol%ent and !olid

$# 3eat! of fu!ion of !olution and !ol%ent are !imilar !ince !imilar force! of

intermolecular force! are in%ol%ed

(# Su)ar containin) !olution freeze! at a lower temperature than pure water

# All are correct !tatement!

. +) of urea i! di!!ol%ed in 11++) !olution. To eep f$ K a! 1 molK)/ water!eparated in the form of ice i!

1# +) $# +) (# 1++) # $++)

0" Read the following fact and answer the questions at the end of it.

3s1osis4 li5e all *olligative properties4 results 'ro1 an in*rease in entrop as

pure solvent passes t$roug$ t$e 1e1%rane an) 1i.es ,it$ t$e solution"

1. Ge!alinatin) of !ea water i! now done u!in)

1# re%er!e o!mo!i! $# o!mo!i! (# filtration # e%aporation

$. &ed "lood cell! are placed in a !olution and neither hemoly!i! nor crenation occur!.

Therefore the !olution i!

1# hypertonic $# hypotonic (# i!otonic # i!otropic

(. The pa!!a)e of a !ol%ent acro!! a !emipermea"le mem"rane "ecau!e of concentration

difference! i! called

1# dialy!i! $# hemoly!i! (# hydration # o!mo!i!


23/26

$(

,. Mat*$ t$e ter1s ,it$ )e'initions

Ter1 De'inition

I 3emoly!i! A the !hrinin) of a red "lood cell when placed in a !olution of

)reater o!molarity than the cell it!elf

II Crenation 0 refer! to two !olution! of !ame o!molarity

III 3y)ro!copic C refer! to a !olution ha%in) a )reater o!molarity than +.(+

o!mol/ the o!molarity of normal red "lood cell!

I< 3ypertonic G an ionic compound which attract! water molecule! from the

atmo!phere

< I!otonic E the !wellin) and "ur!tin) of a red "lood cell when placed in a

!olution of lower o!molarity than the cell it!elf

Mat*$ing *o)es are 6

I II III I0 0 I II III I0 0

1# A 0 C G E $# E G C 0 A

(# E G 0 C A # E A G C 0

0I" Read the following statement and answer the questions at the end of it.

T$e partial vapour pressure o' an volatile *o1ponent o' an i)eal solution is

e(ual to t$e vapour pressure o' t$e pure *o1ponent 1ultiplie) % t$e 1ole

'ra*tion o' t$at *o1ponent in t$e solution"

1. At a )i%en temperature/ total %apour pre!!ure in Torr of a mixture of %olatile

component! A and 0 i! )i%en "y =61$+-:, H0hence %apour pre!!ure of pure A and 0

re!pecti%ely in Torr.

1# 1$+/ :, $# 1$+/ 19, (# 1$+/ , # :,/ ,

$. A mixture contain! 1 mol. %olatile liuid A B 0

A; 6 1++ mm 3)# and ( mol %olatile liuid

0 B 0

B; 6 7+ mm 3)#. If !olution "eha%e ideally/ total %apour pre!!ure of the di!tillate i!

approximately

1# 7,mm 3) $# 7mm 3) (# 9+mm 3) # 9$mm 3)

(. ;ole! of 4 $S@to "e di!!ol%ed in 1$ mol. water to lower it! %apour pre!!ure "y 1+mm

3) at a temperature at which %apour pre!!ure of pure water i! ,+mm 3) i!

1# ( mol $# $ mol (# 1 mol # +., mol


24/26

$

0II" Answer the questions (given below which are

based on the following diagram.

0apour pressure plots o' %en2ene/toluene

1i.tures at 788C" Solutions o' %en2ene an)

toluene are i)eal" Raoult9s la, is valie) 'or %ot$

*o1ponents over t$e entire range o' *on*entration"

1. An ideal !olution con!i!tin) of two component! A and 0 B!uch a! "enzene and toluene#

i! one in what

1# the intermolecular attraction! A/ Q. A/ 0/ Q.. 0 and A Q. 0 are eual

$# )ix )ixH = 0 = 0

(# "oth of the a"o%e condition! are followed

# none of the a"o%e condition! i! followed

$. There i! de%iation from ideal "eha%iour if mixture contain!

1# n-hexane and n-heptane $# chloro"enzene and "romo"enzene

(# o-xylene and p-xylene # acetone and chloroform

0III" Answer the questions (given below which are based on the following

diagram.

0apour pressure )iagra1 'or real solutions o' t,o li(ui)s A an) ! t$at e.$i%it

a negative )eviation 'ro1 Raoult9s la," T$e vapour pressure o' %ot$ A an) !

are less t$an pre)i*te) % Raoult9s la," T$e )as$e) lines represent t$e plots

'or i)eal solutions

1. Solution containin) component! A and 0 !how! thi! type of de%iation from ideal

"eha%iour when

Attraction A Q 0 3mix


25/26

$,

(# !maller than a%era)e of A Q A/ 0 Q 0 >%e >%e !maller than expected

attraction

# a! in Bc# >%e >%e a! in Bc#

$. Thi! type of de%iation i! al!o expected in the followin) mixture

1# ethanol and cyclohexane $# ethyl "romide and ethyl chloride

(# "enzonitrile and ethyl cyanide # diethyl ether and chloroform

I:" Answer the questions (given below which are based on

the following diagram.

0apour pressure )iagra1 'or real solution o' t,o li(ui)s

A an) ! t$at e.$i%it a positive )eviation 'ro1 Raoult9s

la," T$e vapour pressure o' %ot$ A an) ! are greater

t$an pre)i*te) % Raoult9s la," T$e )as$e) linesrepresente) t$e plots 'or i)eal solutions"

1. Con!ider !ome fact! a"out the a"o%e pha!e dia)ram

BA# Thi! i! o"!er%ed when A Q 0 attraction! are )reater than a%era)e of A Q A and 0 Q

0 attraction

B0# )ix )ixAH = +*e +*e =

BC# 0oilin) point i! !maller than expected !uch that %aporization i! increa!ed

BG# It form! azeotropic mixture

Select correct fact!

1# A/ 0/ C $# 0/ C/ G (# A/ C/ G # A/ 0/ C/ G

$. Total %apour pre!!ure of mixture of 1 mol. of %olatile component ( )0AA ; = 100 H/

and ( mol. %olatile component 0 ( )

0

B; = 60 H/

i! :,mm. For !uch ca!e

1# there i! po!iti%e de%iation from &aoult'! law

$# "oilin) point ha! "een lowered

(# force of attraction "etween A and 0 i! !maller than that "etween A and A or

"etween 0 and 0

# all the a"o%e !tatement! are correct

:" Read the following sentence and answer the question at the end of it.

In *ase o' positive an) negative )eviations s$o,n % 1i.ture o' t,o solvents

t$e %oiling point *o1position *urves $ave 1ini1a or 1a.i1a"


26/26

$

1. Select correct !tatementB!# a"out thi! mixture of !ol%ent!

1# Separation of !uch mixture into their component! can't "e o"tained "y !imple or

fractional di!tillation

$# ;ixture i! called azeotropic mixture

(# ;ixture "oil! at a con!tant temperature and di!till! o%er without under)oin) any

chan)e in the compo!ition

# Ethanol-water !y!tem !how! po!iti%e de%iation.

:I" Read the following sentence and answer the questions at the end of it.

!en2oi* a*i) )i1erises in %en2ene %ut ioni2es in a(ueous solution

1. Euimolal !olution! of BA# "enzoic acid in "enzene and B0# in aueou! !olution aretaen. Thu!

1# %an't 3off factor of BA# D B0# $# %an't 3off factor of BA# B0#

(# %an't 3off factor of BA# 6 B0# # dimmer formation or ioni!ation i! not po!!i"le

$. In the followin) euili"rium

2 4 2! (/) 2!

?@$i! ,+ of the total %olume. 3ence/ de)ree of di!!ociation Bx# and %an't 3off factorBi# re!pecti%ely are

1# +.,/ 1., $# +.$,/ 1.$, (# +.((/ 1.(( # +./ 1.

(. 2hich ha! maximum freezin) point

1# ) urea !olution in 1++) 3$@ $# ) acetic acid !olution in 1++) 3$@

(# ) !odium chloride in 1++) 3$@ # all ha%e eual freezin) point

. Aluminium pho!phate i! 1++ ionized in +.+1 mol. aueou! !olution. 3ence 5 5$ K

i!

1# +.+1 $# +.+1, (# +.+1:, # +.+$

dilute solution & colligative properties-assignment.doc

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