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INDIAN AGRICULTURE DIPAK GHELANI
Dec 4, 2014
TYPES OF FARMING•INTRODUCTION•AGRICULTURE IN INDIA•MILESTONE- THE GREEN REVOLUTION•INDIA IN WORLD OF AGRICULTURE•MAJOR CROPS•NON FOOD CROPS•IS AGRICULTURE•SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
Agriculture Sector is changing the socio-economic environments of the population due to liberalization and globalization.
About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture. About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity.
Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy.
AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
> Total Geographical Area - 328 Million Hectares
> Net Area sown - 142 Million Hectares
> Gross Cropped Area – 190.8 Million Hectares
> Net Irrigated Area – 56.9 Million Hectares
> Provides food to more than 1 billion people
> Produces 51 major crops
> Contributes to 1/6th of the Export Earnings
MILESTONE –THE GREEN REVOLUTION
• Acquiring more land area for
cultivation purpose• Expanding irrigation facilities
• Use of improved and advanced variety
of seeds• Water management• Protection activities• Implementation of better tools and
techniques as a result of research.
• Production increased 50% from 1967 to 1971 in jus four years.
INDIA IN WORLD OF AGRICULTURE
Largest Producer of Milk, Cashew nuts, Coconuts, Tea, Ginger, Turmeric & Black Pepper.Largest Cattle population-281 millionSecond largest producer of Wheat, Rice, Sugar and Groundnut and Pulses.Third largest producer of Tobacco.Third largest in implementation of Mechanization
MAJOR CROPS
Rice • It is the staple food crop of a
Majority of people in india.• Our country is the largest
Producer of rice after China.• It is a Kharif Crop
Conditions required for the crop:-• It requires high temperature
(above 25°C ) and high humidity.• Annual rainfall above 100 cm• In the areas of low rainfall, it grows
With the help of irrigation
Areas where it is found:-• North Eastern India, Plains of north, coastal areas
and deltaic regions
Wheat• This is the second most
Important cereal crop.• It is the main food crop in, in
North and north western part of India• This is a rabi crop.
Conditions required for the crop:-• It requires cool growing season and bright sunshine
at the time of ripening.• It requires 50 – 75 cm of rain of annual rain evenly
distributed over the growing season.
Areas of cultivation:-• Ganga – Satluj plains on the north west and black
soil region of the Deccan.• Punjab , Haryana , Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan
and parts of Maharashtra
Sugarcane• It is a tropical as well as
Subtropical crop.
Conditions required for the
Crop:-• It grows well in hot and humid
Climate.• It requires a temperature of 21°C to 27°C• An annual rainfall between 75cm. and 100cm.• Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall.
Areas Of Cultivation :-• It needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.• The major sugarcane-producing states are Uttar
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.
Oil Seeds
• India is the largest producer
Of oilseeds in the world.• Different oil seeds are grown covering
approximately 12 per cent of the totalcropped area of the country.
• Main oil-seeds produced in India are groundnut, mustard, coconut, sesamum (til), soyabean, castor seeds, cotton seeds, linseed and sunflower.
• Most of these are edible and used as cooking mediums. However, some of these are also used as raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.
Oil Seeds
Groundnut• It is a kharif crop and accounts for about half of the
major oilseeds produced in the country.• Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer of groundnut
followed by Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra
Linseed and mustard• These are rabi crops• Sesamum is a kharif crop in north and rabi crop in
south India.• Castor seed is grown both as rabi and kharif crop.• 8 .
Non- Food Crops
Rubber
Rubber is an important industrial
Raw material
India ranks fifth among the world’s
Natural rubber producers.
Areas of Cultivation :-
• It is mainly grown in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Garo Hills of Meghalaya.
Fibre Crops.
Cotton
• India is believed to be the
original home of the cotton plant.• Cotton is one of the main raw
materials for cotton textile industry.• India is the third-largest producer
of cotton in the world.
Jute
• It is known as the golden fibre.• It is used in making gunny bags,
mats, ropes, yarn, carpets and
other artifacts.
• Due to its high cost, it is losing
market to synthetic fibres and
packing materials, particularly the nylon
IS AGRICULTURE
Assisting with farm inputs and weather patterns to market information and global prices, computers are becoming powerful tools.
SUMMARY
THE LITERACY LEVEL IN FARMERS HAS TO BE INCREASED.WE HAVE THE INFRASTRUCTURE ONLY LINKS ARE MISSING.SUSTAINABLE USE OF RESOURCES.GOVERNMENTS ROLE AS A FACILITATOR HAS TO BE INCREASED FOR BETTER PRODUCTION.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION