disappearing women at the raising of lazarus
DESCRIPTION
Mary and Martha at the raising Lazarus -- before and after Constantine.TRANSCRIPT
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Disappearing Women
at the Raising of Lazarus
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The Raising of Lazarus, John 11:1-45
Now Jesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus. - John 11:5 (RSV)
Then Mary, when she came where Jesus was and saw him, fell at his feet.
- John 11:32a (RSV)
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The “Jonas sarcophagus” in the Vatican Museum, dated around 280, has the earliest scene
of the Raising of Lazarus on a sarcophagus.
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Jesus, in the center, points at Lazarus, who is wrapped in a shroud in the doorway of his tomb.
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Behind Jesus stands a man wearing a short toga.
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Three women also appear to be with Jesus.
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Mary fell at his feet.
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A figure stands behind Mary, in the traditional place Martha is usually depicted in this scene.
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The sculptor appears to have sculpted both women with long skirts.
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The sculptor did not depict them with head coverings.
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A third woman, today armless, wears a long chiton and a head covering.
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Her clothing and her bent-knee posture suggest her lost arms may have been outspread like the Orante’s.
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The sculptor depicted three men and three women.
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This sarcophagus is dated late third century.
Very few third-century sarcophagi exist.
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Other scenes of the raising of Lazarus are dated in the early fourth century--
after Constantine.
In these later scenes, however, two of the women disappear.
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On a fourth-century sarcophagus, only Mary remains.
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She always wears a head covering.
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And, she seems to shrink.
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Back to the same scene before Constantine . . .
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Art as Text
By Ally Kateusz
In honor of Elizabeth A. Clark