disaster management, env need assesment
TRANSCRIPT
ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT
IN POST DISASTER SITUATION(Principles for Reconstruction)
Fuad Amsyari MD, PhDPresented at International Seminar on Disaster
Management, Airlangga Medical School,
Surabaya, 16 June 2012
1. DISASTER2. ENVIRONMENT
3. HEALTH4. ASSESSMENT
5. PROSPECT
1. DISASTER:A SUDDEN GREAT MISFORTUNE,
i.e. ONE BRINGING WITH IT DESTRUCTION OF LIFE OR
PROPERTY OR CAUSING COMPLETE RUIN
It may happen in a limited or vast area
People must response it with adequate actions to save their life (including
health) and belongings (including the environment where they live)
Including: Reconstraction at Post Disaster
Tragedy
THE SEQUENCE OF DISASTER OCCURANCE:
1. Pre Disaster Condition2. Disaster
3. Post Disaster Situation
POST DISASTER SITUATION NEEDS TO BE ASSESSED FOR
BASIS OF PROPER RECONSTRUCTION
ASSESSMENT COVERS:
PRINCIPLES and DATA on
ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
PROPER RECONSTRACTION is supposed leading to
BETTER ENVIRONMENT & HEALTHfor the people
2. ENVIRONMENT EVERYTHING BEYOND INDIVIDUAL
SYSTEM, covering Social, Bio-Chemical, and Physical components
PRINCIPLES ON ENVIRONMENT
ECOLOGICAL THEORY and CONCEPT OF ECOSYSTEM
ECOSYSTEM an entity in which there are complex interactions between people, plants, animals, and materials in such a way
making and toward stability
THE DYNAMIC OF ECOSYSTEM:
Stable Natural Ecosystem, - by Natural Disaster - by Human ActivitiesUnstable Ecosystem, - ecological succession process - through management Restabilized Ecosystem: - natural - man made
ECOSYSTEM IS FOR:
-Energy sources(food and non-food)
-Habitat to stay and live(convenience surroundings)
ECOSYSTEM QUALITY:
= Degradation: loosing natural resources
= Pollution: habitat in unhealthy condition
MAN and ECOSYSTEM:
-Man is UNSEPARABLE PARTS of ecosystem
-Stable ecosystem makes human life in harmony
-Unstable ecosystem makes people in
disharmony
NATURAL DISASTER MAKES ECOSYSTEM UNSTABLE,
EFFORTS MUST BE MADE TO STABLIZE IT AGAIN TO PROVIDE
HARMONY
IF NATURAL DISASTER OCCURS IN VAST AREA:
THE RECONSTRUCTION MUST OBEY ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES
FOR SPATIAL PLANNING OF A REGION
ECOLOGICAL RULES:
Fuel Powered Ecosystem (City/Industries)
must be supported sufficiently by:
Subsidized Natural Ecosystem (Agriculture)
and Natural Ecosystem
(Forest)
IF NATURAL DISASTER OCCURS IN LIMITED AREA:
THE RECONSTRUCTION IS TO RECOVER THE PRIOR
ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AREA
IF NATURAL DISASTER OCCURS IN SPECIFIC AREA, i.e. A CITY:
THE RECONSTRUCTION IS DIRECTED TO BUILD IDEAL
SPATIAL PLANNING OF A CITY
CITY SPATIAL PLANNING:- Green Belt Zone- Residential Area- Industrial Zone- Public Facilities
- Transportation Network
An Ideal City has:20% area for Green Belt
20% area for Transportation
Green Belt Area, 75% of which is planted with trees
3. HEALTH(WHO DEFINITION)
‘a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence
of disease and infirmity’.
The state of health of a person is quite dynamic, subject to environmental quality
IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH:
Health is not everything, but without health everything becomes nothing
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
Genetic System Environment
- Activation of Selective Genes(epigenetic mechanism)
- Point Mutation
As Genetic System is subject to Environment,
so the dominant determinant of
health status stays on the Quality of Environment
NEW PARADIGM IN HEALTH:
Better Health by
Holistic Approach through
Healthy Environment.
MOST RECENT ORIENTATION ON MEDICAL/HEALTH SERVICES
Predict and Prevent
rather than
Simply Respond to Epidemic/Pandemic Case
HEALTH ECOLOGY
rather than
CLASSICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
THOSE NEW ORIENTATION IS BENEFICIAL FOR
ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH ASESSMENT
IN POST DISASTER SITUATION
4. ASSESSMENTThe Act of Assessing, i.e. to
determine the importance or value of a subject of interest
DATA TO BE ASSESSED:
1. DISASTER- Type of disaster
- Time of occurrence- Single or Prolonged- New or Recurrent
2. ENVIRONMENT -Area of impact
-Type of Ecosystem ruined- Zones of city destroyed
- Housing- Infrastructure
- Economic assets- Cultural asset
- Quality of Air, Water, and Land
3. HEALTH - Mortality and Morbidity Rate
- Projection no. of victims - Spreading of disease agents
- Identification of high risk group- Availability of Food & Drinking water
-Availability of Sanitation- Availability of Health Facilities
5. PROSPECT
THE HANDLING OF POST DISASTER SITUATION REQUIRES:
Quick and Proper Actions by Government (Most Resposible)
Supported by:Scientific SocietyPrivate SectorsCommunities
RECONSTRUCTION AT POST DISASTER TRAGEDY
should includeBETTER STRATEGY ON
DEVELOPMENT OF THE AREA
Precautious Actions against potential occurrence of Disasters:
-identification of high risk area -surveillance via pre-emptive signal
New Strategy on Development is required, i.e.:
“Religion and Environment Based National Development”
to prevent/minimize frequent occurrences of Natural and Man-Made
Disasters
(detailed information at my blog: fuadamsyari.wordpress.com)
People believe that NATURAL DISASTERS
is God’s Warnings
for unfaithful community
MAN-MADE DISASTERSis the impact of
Development Strategy neglecting ENVIRONMENT
Thank You,
(Wassalaam)