disaster management in india

Disaster Management In INDIA by

Ghanshyam Godbole

Roll no-:76 F.Y.B.com Div A

Ghanshyam Godbole.....................F.Y.B.Com 1

What is Disaster? Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event bringing great damage, loss,

destruction and devastation to life and property. WHO defines Disaster as "any occurrence, that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services, on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area”

The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical location, climate and the type of the earth surface/degree of vulnerability. This influences the mental, socio-economic, political and cultural state of the affected area. Generally, disaster has the following effects in the concerned areas:

1. It completely disrupts the normal day to day life. 2. It negatively influences the emergency systems. 3. Normal needs and processes like flood, shelter, health, etc. are affected

and deteriorate depending on the intensity and severity of the disaster.


Ghanshyam Godbole.....................F.Y.B.Com

Why Disaster Occurs?

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Climate change is likely to be perceived through experience of extreme weather events

Therefore, response to climate change will perhaps happen through adaptation to climate hazards

Important to characterize the institutional mechanisms and structures in place for responding to natural (and climate-related) disasters



Disaster due to natural hazards 1990 - 2000

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Average annual impacts from natural hazards

Mortality: 3600 Crop area: 1.42 million hectares Property (houses): 2.36 million dwellings

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Exposure to natural hazards 40 million hectares flood prone (5% of area) 54% area exposed to seismic activity East coast of India and Gujarat (West coast)

exposed to cyclone risk A preliminary assessment of exposure to major

hazard categories has been done in 1996-1998 (as a part of IDNDR) by the Building Materials Technology Promotion Council of the Ministry of Urban Development.

Trying to put this information in a GIS format

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Natural Disaster area’s on INDIA map


Disaster management



Climate hazards within overall context of disaster management

Statutory responsibility of state governments Central government provides logistic and

financial support Elaborate response mechanism at national level State level responses vary National coordinating body: National Disaster

Management Cell (NDMC), Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture

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GOVERNMENT OF INDIA : NODAL MINISTRIES / DEPARTMENT FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

DISASTERS NODAL MINISTRIES

Natural Disasters Agriculture

Air Accidents Civil Aviation

Civil Strife Home Affairs

Railway Accidents Railways

Chemical Disasters Environment

Biological Disasters Health & family Welfare

Nuclear Accident Atomic Energy

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National response mechanism

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MANAGEMENT MECHANISM

* Integrated Administrative Machinery* National Contingency Action Plan -

identify initiatives by various agencies* Department of Agriculture &

Cooperation - the Nodal Department* Central Relief Commissioner - Chief

Nodal Officer at National level* State/District Contingency Plans and

Relief Manuals

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Natural Disaster Response-Government of India

National Crisis Management Committee(NCMC) under Cabinet Secretary

Crisis Management Group(CMG) under Central Relief Commissioner

Group of Ministers, Group of Secretaries and High Level Committees-Need base

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GOI Departments for Disaster Response

Armed Forces-Ministry of Defence

Central Para Military Forces- Ministry of Home Affairs

International Response- Ministry of External Affairs

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GOI Departments for Disaster Response

Ministries/Departments:Rural Development, Drinking Water Supply Power, Telecom , Health, Urban DevelopmentFood & Public Distribution, ShippingSurface Transport, Railways, Civil AviationWomen & Child DevelopmentWater Resources, Animal HusbandryIndia Meteorological Department(IMD)

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DISASTER MANAGEMENT POLICY- SALIENT FEATURES

* Recognition of linkages between natural

disasters and development

* Connecting of specific programmes like

DPAP, DDP, NWDPRA and Wasteland

Development Programme for managing

natural disasters

* Emphasis on forecasting and warning using advanced technology

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CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEME FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT - SALIENT FEATURES

* Human resource Development

* Setting up of National Centre for Disaster Management (NCDM)

* Setting up of Disaster Management Faculties in States

* Programmes for Community Participation and Public Awareness

* Observing National Disaster Reduction Day

* Activities to achieve the goals and objectives of IDNDR/ISDR

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External Assistance -Policy

No formal appeal for external assistance made for relief

External assistance,if offered as solidarity accepted with gratitude

Gujarat earthquake- international response overwhelming

Bi-lateral agreements suggested by some countries for emergency response

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DISASTER RESPONSE ARRANGEMENTS IN THE STATES

STATE CABINET STATES CRISIS MANAGEMENT

GROUP: HEADED BY CHIEF SECRETARY.

INSTITUTION OF RELIEF COMMISSIONERS IN STATES

STATES/DISTRICTS CONTINGENCY PLAN S / RELIEF CODES.

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Example: AP cyclone hazard mitigation project outcomes

Hazard mitigation studies (international consultants)

IMD early warning capacity through Doppler radar

Infrastructure creation and restoration Floods – drains & embankments Road restoration Storm shelters Electricity transmission and distribution

What about system / process capabilities?

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Observations Recognition of linkage between natural hazards

and development Connecting developmental programs (DPAP,

NWDB) to disaster management Forecasting and warning (technology use) Contingency planning

Foodgrain availability Preparedness

Adaptive capacity by creating a management system

However, focus still on relief; recovery and adaptive capacity not thought through

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Thank you
