Discovery and Discovery and Colonialism in North Colonialism in North

AmericaAmerica

Early Colonization Early Colonization efforts in North efforts in North AmericaAmerica While Spanish and While Spanish and

Portuguese colonization Portuguese colonization in Latin America in Latin America flourish, North America flourish, North America proves more difficult to proves more difficult to colonizecolonize

St. Augustine (1565) is St. Augustine (1565) is the the onlyonly successful successful European colony in European colony in North America in the North America in the 1616thth Century. Century.

Early French StrugglesEarly French Struggles 1534, French Explorer 1534, French Explorer

Jacques Cartier identifies Jacques Cartier identifies the St. Lawrence River as the St. Lawrence River as one of North America’s one of North America’s primary avenues of entry.primary avenues of entry.

1541, First French colony 1541, First French colony on the St. Lawrence River on the St. Lawrence River Valley fails.Valley fails.

1564, French Huguenots 1564, French Huguenots briefly established a base in briefly established a base in South Carolina and later South Carolina and later Jacksonville, Florida. Jacksonville, Florida. Destroyed by the SpanishDestroyed by the Spanish

Early English StrugglesEarly English Struggles 1584 – 1587, Roanoke 1584 – 1587, Roanoke

Island (Lost Colony).Island (Lost Colony). 1578, Newfoundland.1578, Newfoundland. Why?Why?

Unprepared for the Unprepared for the Winter, lack of food Winter, lack of food and clothingand clothing

Problems with IndiansProblems with Indians Self-Financed, no Self-Financed, no

crown helpcrown help Conflict with SpainConflict with Spain

England EmergesEngland Emerges

1588, England led by Sir 1588, England led by Sir Francis Drake, defeats the Francis Drake, defeats the invading Spanish Armada.invading Spanish Armada.

The balance of power in The balance of power in Europe shifts from Spain Europe shifts from Spain the England now that the England now that England has dominance of England has dominance of the seas.the seas.

England can now begin its England can now begin its colonial efforts in the New colonial efforts in the New World.World.

English GoalsEnglish Goals England’s goals in the England’s goals in the

New World:New World: Plant strategic bases Plant strategic bases

against other European against other European nations (France, Spain)nations (France, Spain)

Find the rumored North Find the rumored North West passage to AsiaWest passage to Asia

Transplant unemployed Transplant unemployed Brits to New World to Brits to New World to harvest raw materialsharvest raw materials

Religious FreedomReligious Freedom

England begins to ColonizeEngland begins to Colonize 1606, James I grants 1606, James I grants

charters to overlapping charters to overlapping parcels of land to two parcels of land to two separate separate joint stockjoint stock companiescompanies..

Despite early struggles Despite early struggles Jamestown emerges as a Jamestown emerges as a successful colonysuccessful colony

Tobacco became a Tobacco became a valuable export for the valuable export for the colonycolony