discoverybox #166
DESCRIPTION
DiscoveryBox, September 2012 issue. DiscoveryBox is an award-winning magazines for 9-12 year olds. In every issue: history, science, world, nature, as well as DIY activities, games, comic-strips and a lot more!TRANSCRIPT
£ 4.25 (UK only) Issue 166 September 2012 – ISSn
1366-9028
N. 166
World
H
istory
Science N
ature
The four seasons
I live in an eco-city
Amazing planet
Fun activities
EARTH
SPECIAL
2
What can you see?
1 the cables of a suspension bridge 2 the strings of a piano 3 a trampoline close up
4 the inside of a toaster
Answer on page 50.
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CONTENTS
the four seasonsWatch what happens on a farm as the seasons change.
i live in an ec0-cityEloise has moved to a new home. Find out how things work in
this environmentally friendly city.
activities, games and quizzes
bilia who played football barefoot
nature zoom in p.12 world photo shoot p.4
world life story p.22
science quick look p.38
science pics & facts p.29
diy p.43-50
amazing planetSee Earth through these incredible satellite photos!
A. H
oudou
inside a combine harvester
How does this enormous machine work?
DiscoveryBox is printed on chlorine-
free paper from managed forests.
+ cartoons
and funfacts
DiscoveryBox is a 2012 winner of a Parents’ Choice
Silver Award.
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What’s that glass building?
It’s our greenhouse.
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Amazing planetLots of satellites orbit (circle) the Earth taking photos and images that help scientists observe our planet in great detail. These photos come from a satellite that’s 830km above the ground. It sees wonderful things!
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Amazing planet
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Does this river flow through a huge old forest? No, it doesn’t! The satellite image (big picture) shows the Sao Francisco river flowing into the Parana river in Brazil. There are trees along the riverbanks. But behind the trees, the land has been farmed by people. You can see fields, villages and roads. You can even see a bridge across the river. An image like this helps people to watch out for flooding or to choose the best place to build bridges.
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Are these flying saucers that have landed in the desert? No! This is Saudi Arabia and the circles are fields of food crops, such as wheat. The water for the plants is pumped up from deep underground. In the middle of each field there is a hub or support, which holds up a 1km-long sprinkler. The hub turns the sprinkler above the plants, keeping them watered. The satellite’s infrared (sensitive to heat)technology lets agricultural engineers see how the wheat is growing. In the big picture, red shows where the wheat is ripening.
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Why does almost nothing grow around this lake? Because its water is very salty. An explorer who found the lake in 1897 in the desert in Australia named it Lake Disappointment. Probably he had hoped to drink the water! Today, we explore the world with satellites. Their accurate images mean that maps of very remote areas in the world can be made. These are useful, for example, when rescue operations need to be organized.
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Go to our
website:
www. bayard-magazines.co.uk
Pigs
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57m high
50,000 seats
597m circumference
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Pigs’ tailsSome people think all pigs have curly tails like this one in the photo. But that's not always true. Breeders have created different varieties of pigs that we see today. Some have curly tails and others have straighter tails. Wild boars and wart hogs have tails that hang down. Some pigs have no tails at all!
The € euro symbol
The symbol € was the fifth letter in the ancient Greek alphabet. It’s called epsilon and was said like our letter e. It's also the first letter of the word Europa. She was a princess in ancient Greek mythology and Europe was named after her.
The euro
The Colosseum, a huge ancient theatreRome
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It was built between 70 and 80bce in Rome, the capital city of the Roman Empire. Amazing shows were held here: gladiator fights, animal hunts, pretend sea battles and public executions… Its nickname, the Colosseum, means huge place. It's real name was the Flavian amphitheatre (open air theatre of the Flavian emperors).
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Beautifully illustrated stories to read aloud Fascinating animal info Answers to children’s first science questions Lovable characters children will relate to Illustrated riddles and poems Fun games to develop fine-motor and
reasoning skills
Chapter stories with colour pictures on every page to develop reading stamina Photos and illustrations to make sense of
the natural world Puzzles and games to develop word and
number skills Fun characters to have a laugh with
A range of topics every month: animals and the natural world; science; history and world events; geography and people… Spectacular photos Fascinating funfacts Games, quizzes, jokes, competitions and
much more!
StoryBox
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DiscoveryBoxAges 9-12
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A quality magazine to share and enjoy with children
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A journey of exploration through nature, science and history
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The four seasons
A wild board is looking for acorns.
When does autumn start?Autumn starts when day and night are the same length. This is the autumn equinox. In 2012 it’s the 22nd of September. After that, the days become shorter than the nights. There’s less light so the temperature starts to go down. There are more clouds. There’s also more wind and it rains more often.
What work is there to do on the farm? It’s harvest time. Farmers collect apples and pears in the orchard. They gather ripe crops, such as wheat, from the fields. Then they plough the soil to aerate* it and get it ready for seeds to be planted in spring. Grapes are harvested in the vineyard. They are crushed and the juice is put into barrels to make wine.
Calves born last spring don’t need to drink milk from their mother anymore.
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Fir and pine trees are evergreen. They keep their needles all year round.
A doe can hear a stag belling (calling) from 2km away.
• turn earth over to add air, make it softer and improve drainage.
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Nat
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The four seasons Autumn
What happens to plants?Many plants have seeds that will be carried away by the wind or by animals. The seeds will wait for winter to pass before starting to grow. Meanwhile leaves slowly begin to turn yellow, orange and brown. Soon they will fall. But there are already tiny buds on the branches, ready for next spring!
… and wild animals?Some birds gather together before migrating south to spend the winter in a warmer place. Stags bell (call) in the forest to attract females and mate with them. New fawns will be born in spring. Snakes have gone underground. Foxes, hedgehogs, squirrels and wild boar eat plenty to build up their fat reserves.
The last fruit to be collected in the orchard are pears and apples.
Mushrooms begin to grow. They are fungi, not plants.
Wild geese start migrating for Africa.
Crows eat earthworms in the newly ploughed fields.
Seasonal workers come to pick the ripe fruit.
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The four seasons WinterDeciduous trees have lost their leaves.
A stag comes out of the woods looking for food.
Birds fluff up their feathers to protect themselves from the cold.
When does winter start?It begins on the shortest day of the year (about 8 hours long). This is the winter solstice – 21st of December in 2012. After that, each day gets longer by about one minute. In winter the sun is low in the sky. Its rays hit the ground at a slant, giving less heat. It’s cold and icy and it sometimes snows.
What work is there to do on the farm?Farmers fix their equipment and make sure it’s in good working order. They keep their animals in the stables and feed them hay*. They also start planning what they will plant in spring. They prune (cut back branches) in the orchards and the vineyard so that next year they will have lots of healthy fruit.
Snow plough
• dried grass.
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The farmer trims the vines.
Birds eat berries on hedges.Tench and other fish
hibernate in the mud at the bottom of the pond.
When it’s very cold, water in small ponds freezes over.
A hedgehog is hibernating under this bush.
What happens to plants? Nature slows down. Sap no longer flows through tree branches and the leaves fall. They are broken down by bacteria and turned into humus. This is natural compost* that helps plants to grow when spring comes. The cold kills parasites like aphids that feed on plants.
… and wild animals?Frogs, reptiles and insects hide underground or in dead branches. They live on the fat reserves in their bodies. Small mammals like bats or hedgehogs go into hibernation. Their heartbeat slows and their temperature goes down. The fur of larger mammals (such as foxes and wild boar) grows thicker.
• fertilizer or plant food.
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When does spring start? Spring starts when day and night are the same length. This is the spring equinox. After this, the days get longer. The solstices and equinoxes all happen between the 20th and the 23rd of the month. In 2012, spring began on the 20th of March. In spring there’s more daylight so the ground heats up.
What work is there to do on the farm? The farmer looks after the milking cows in the stable. He puts the cows that have calves out in the fields to feed on the fresh grass. Fruit trees are flowering and the wheat has sprouted. The grass grows quickly so at the beginning of June, the farmer cuts it to make hay.
The four seasons Spring
Calves drink their mothers’ milk.
Fields of grass
Evergreen trees
New leaves appear on deciduous trees.
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Nat
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What happens to plants? The sunlight is stronger and heats the ground. This makes plants start growing again. Trees that have had no leaves over the winter grow new ones. In the woods, the sunlight comes through the leaves and reaches the ground. Some plants grow flowers, which have pollen that lets them reproduce.
… and wild animals? As the weather gets warmer, many animals that have been hibernating all winter wake up. Hedgehogs, squirrels and grass snakes look for food to give them energy. Fish start to swim around in their ponds. Birds come back from hotter places and build nests in hedges and trees so they can lay their eggs.
Swallows migrate back from Africa.
Vines
Wheat field
Orchard trees are flowering.
A heron catches tadpoles and frogs.
A tench catches insects.
Ducklings come out of their nest.
TitreThe four seasons
When does summer start?Summer starts on the longest day of the year (about 16 hours long). This is the summer solstice – the 21st of June, in 2012. After that, each day gets shorter by about a minute. In summer the sun is highest in the sky at midday when its rays shine at right angles to the earth. This is when the rays are hottest.
What work is there to do on the farm? Combine harvesters cut the wheat. Straw* and hay are stored in barns. Hay is used to feed the animals in winter. Straw is used for bedding. Some fruit is ready to be picked in the orchard. Farmers tie back the leaves of vines plants so that the fruit gets plenty of light.
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Calves begin to eat grass.
Hay is stored in the barn for the winter.
A bird of prey glides, looking for small mammals to eat.
Cut hay is rolled into bales.
Summer
• dried stalks of cereal plants such as wheat and barley.
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Titre
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What happens to plants?Plants use light energy from the sun and carbon dioxide in the air to grow and produce stores of sugar and give off oxygen into the air. This is called photosynthesis. In the woods, the trees have a lot of leaves. Not much light reaches the undergrowth. Only bushes and ferns grow there.
… and wild animals? Birds of prey and foxes hunt rodents (such as mice, voles and shrews) in the fields to feed to their young. Other birds catch insects for the babies in their nests. Fruit growing in the hedges attracts insects, birds, reptiles and small mammals. Fawns, fox cubs and young rabbits grow big.
It is holiday time.
A harvester is used to harvest the wheat.
A heron has caught a frog.
Peach tree
Pear treeThe fruit harvest begins.
Apricot tree
Plum tree
Apple tree
Wine growers check the bunches of grapes as they grow.
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At the equinox, day and night are:
A. the same lengthB. different lengthsC. very, very short
There’s an equinox:A. in autumn and in summerB. in autumn and in springC. in summer and
in winter
Calves and lambs
are mostly born in:A. autumnB. winterC. spring
Farmers plough the fields before planting:A. to make them look niceB. to make the ground softer
and improve drainage C.to kill insects
Migrating birds:A. fly to hot countries
for the winterB. fly to hot countries
for the summerC. stay in the same
place all year
Photosynthes is the process:A. by which animals growB. by which leaves fall from the treesC. by which plants make
energy to grow
Hibernation is when:A. plants die back in
winterB. animals sleep through
the winterC. birds fly to hot
countries
The winter solstice is:A. the longest day of
the yearB. when the day and night
are the same lengthC. the longest night of
the year
Answer in Readers’ DIY on page 50.
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The four seasons
To be continued…
Shall I tell you something about
your mum, Minnie?What?
She brushes her teeth too much!
Because they’re really
slippery!
Maybe it’s because you don’t look
where you’re going.
Hey, come and see! I have found a cave!!!
A cave?
I’m not sure that’s a good idea.
This is great. We can make a den
in here!Actually, Minnie…
Come on, let’s explore.
You know I just said that your mum brushes
her teeth too much?
Yeah, don’t worry about it, Germ!
What I should have said was she doesn’t brush them properly!
Why do you say that?
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t was late afternoon in a dusty neighbourhood of Kinshasa, capital city of the Democratic Republic of Congo in Africa. Pffffttt… A whistle blew. A game of football was starting!
The pitch was sandy so clouds of dust rose up around the players as they chased the ball. But they didn’t take any notice of it. The
The amazing storyof Bilia
footballwho played
barefootdust was part of the game. The boys on the prison team were playing in bare feet. Some wore socks. They were 12 to 16 years old. The rival players were the same age. They wore bright green t-shirts. Their shoes were slightly worn and some were too big or too small for them, but at least they weren’t barefoot!
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ilia had number 27 on his t-shirt. There wasn’t usually a number 27 on a football team but he had chosen it because it was his favourite number. He was in prison because he had stolen some bananas from the market when he was hungry.
That afternoon on the football pitch, Bilia ran so fast that his feet hardly seemed to touch the ground. His best shot was an amazing header to pass the ball to Justice. But Justice was looking the other way and his feet weren’t in the right position. It was a wasted chance. Too bad!
They played on. The score at half time was nil-nil.
“Well done, boys! But now you really have to go for it. Show them who we are!” said the boys’ trainer, Misu Milanga.
But just after the start of the second half, a long shot by Mbo c aug ht t he pr i son tea m’s goalkeeper off guard and hit the back of the net.
Goal!It was the only goal of the
match. Afterwards, the prisoners lined up with sore feet and their t- shirts soaked in sweat.
Someone in the crowd shouted, “Well done!”
Milanga tried to cheer his players up. “You played well… and remember, the important thing is that you played!”
It was true, they had played. They had managed to prove that people who ended up behind bars were not always good for nothing.
Bilia was so fast that his feet hardly seemed to touch the ground.
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n Italian journalist called Riccardo was in the crowd, watching the match with interest.
“That number 27 is really talented,” he thought. “He has
great control of the ball with his left foot and a good understanding of the game too! He
could be a champion…”The next day Riccardo went
to the prison to talk to Corporal Katanga who was in charge.
“My name is Riccardo Cerruti. I’m an Italian reporter. I love football and I’m very impressed by your number 27.”
“Oh, you mean Bilia? Well, let me tell you, that boy is no good! He has committed very serious crimes and may be kept in prison for some time.”
“But Corporal, the boy is only 13 or 14 years old…”
“That’s old enough to do bad things,” said Katanga in a harsh voice. He shouted at a guard, “Fetch Bilia!”
A few moments later the boy stood in front of the men. His grey prison uniform was too big for him and he was wearing sandals made from a tyre.
“Bilia,” said the corporal. “This man thinks you are some kind of football genius.”
Bilia was amazed but he managed to smile at the Italian and say, “Thank you, Sir!”
“Do you want to leave here?” asked Katanga.
“Only if I deserve to,” said Bilia. “I believe everyone should get a second chance. If you let me leave, I promise that you will never see me again, Sir!”
The corporal spent an hour talking to Riccardo. Finally, Bilia left the prison with the reporter.
The World Cup took place in South Africa in 2010. It was the first time Africa had hosted the competition. Africa is an amazing continent but it has a lot of economic problems. Many young Africans dream of becoming footballers. For them, the sport stands for hope of a better future. There are African players in many of the biggest, most successful teams around the world.
AfricAns Are mAd About footbAll!
“Bilia, it seems you’re some kind of
football genius!”
These South African supporters are cheering their team at Green Point Stadium in Cape Town, a big city in South Africa. This was one of ten stadiums that hosted the World Cup matches in 2010.
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t was time to speak to the boy’s family. Bilia took Riccardo to his home in Ndjili, outside the city. Here a child belonged to the whole community, not just to their parents, and their success or problems were shared by everyone.
Riccardo shook lots of people’s hands and won everyone over with his charming smile. Then he met Bilia’s parents and brothers.
“I would like to take Bilia to Italy. He will become a great footballer,” Riccardo told them.
“Dad,” said Liau, one of Bilia’s brothers. “This is a great chance for Bilia. We have to let him go.”
“But do you realise that your brother might go and never come back!” said their father, Mbuta Kiesse. “He’s so young! When will we see him again?”
“Would you prefer to see him rot in prison?” said Liau.
Then he asked the Italian, “Will he be able to study where you are taking him?”
“Of course,” said Riccardo. “Bilia will go to school.”
They discussed Bilia’s future for a long time. At last Mr Kiesse said the family needed a day or so to think things over. They would call Riccardo when they had made a decision.
South AfricaThe South African team is called Bafana Bafana.
CameroonThe Indomitable Lions have taken part in six World Cups. This is a record in Africa.
Ghana The Ghanaian team is called The Black Stars.
Three great African football teams
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hen he spoke to Riccardo again, Mr Kiesse told him, “This child was born feet first. For us, that means his feet are his destiny. If they bring him work, happiness and a family, then so be it. I give Bilia my blessing to go with you. Riccardo, you will have to help him along the way. Wherever he goes, the spirit of our ancestors will be with him. I have spoken.”
Riccardo smiled and looked at Bilia. “What about you, Bilia? Do you still want to go?”
“If you think I’m really gifted, I’m ready to follow you and I will try my best not to disappoint you.”
“Thanks, champion! Thank you all! I understand what a big sacrifice it is for you to let Bilia go. But don’t worry, he will be back soon.”
From a story by Congolese author P. Bakolo Ngoi
This 31-year-old striker from Cameroon is one of the top footballers in the world. He has played for Real Madrid, Barcelona, Inter Milan and Russian team Anzhi Makhachkala. He’s captain of the Cameroon national team. But Samuel hasn’t forgotten where he came from. “All Africans dream of a better life. I have realised that dream. But when you have played barefoot like me, you never think you are better than other people.” He has set up a foundation for young footballers in Yaoundé, the capital of Cameroon.
sAmuel eto’o – A success story
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Samuel Eto’o at the Africa Cup of Nations
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Broccoli ice cream!Broccoli ice cream!
Satellites make 3D mapsThere are hundreds of satellites in space. The military uses some of them while others are earth observation satellites. These can take pictures to produce detailed maps. The images are so clear that it’s even possible to spot human activity. Some of the newest satellites can see things on the ground that measure just 50cm!
This is a photograph of the city of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates in the Arabian Peninsula. You can see dots on the beach. These are umbrellas or sunbathers! The latest satellites can even make 3D images by taking pictures from a number of different angles. Engineers use these images to make maps of cities that show the buildings clearly.
Map-making
This machine chooses lunch for you.
Professor BaTTy’s mad machines
Broccoli soup or chocolate ice cream?
okay, well, it’s not quite ready yet…
Broccoli ice cream.
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Tarzine
Leopold
Tusko
Stanley
Livingroom
B y c o r c a l
What are those green
monkeys called?
Sweep
They’re ‘eco-logical mandrills’.
They’ve made an eco-city in this part of the rainforest…!
This is where they collect rainwater in tortoise shells.
Over here they produce eco-
electricity with a ‘parrot-turbine’.
Oh! Look at that! Bins made out of different
coloured shells!
That means they sort things for
recycling!
Oh dear! I have a feeling we’re about to be thrown out!
That’s not quite right, Livingroom…
No… we’re being recycled!
Look out!
Here come
the rubbish
collectors!
Ooops!
Grumpf!
Leaves
Banana skins
Glass Feathers
Unwan
te
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Re-
cycling
Unwante
d tuff lass
Sweep
Banana
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Eloise Malik Leah Matt Naima
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Hello! Are you new?
Yes, we moved in yesterday.
Hi, everybody!
Right. What are we doing this afternoon? Gardening!!!
This is Eloise who is joining
our class.
All over the world new environmentally friendly neighbourhoods are being built. They have roads without pavements and few cars. The buildings are energy efficient.
There are lots of green spaces too. Eloise has just moved to one of these modern eco-cities*. Come and find out all about it with her!
* based on an eco-city in France.
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Let’s go and plant these seedlings in the garden.
That’s weird! The stair lights go on by themselves
when you walk down.
Yes, but I’m on light- switch duty, this week.
What’s that glass building?Aren’t you
coming?
It’s our greenhouse.
It’s hot in here. And there are no radiators!
That red bike is mine.
I walk to school.
I live round the corner.
I’m scared of falling in the water.
Don’t worry, you will soon
get used to it!
Where does the water go,
Miss?
It’s rainwater. It collects in
the canal and can then flow into
the stream slowly, without making it
overflow.
Is this the
garden?
No it’s the green or living roof.
The plants absorb* the rain and stop
the rooms below getting too cold or too hot.
The children leave The classroom.
on The way To The garden…
* take in.
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Do things grow well here?
Eloise!
Eloise’s house
The old vegetable gardens taken over by local families.
No chemical fertilisers are used in the park.
The stream was underground but has been dug up and is now in the open air.
Tram line
School
Multimedia library
Leah lives here.
Canal
Naima lives here.
Malik lives here.
Matt lives here.
Where shall we start?
Let’s start in the main square.
That’s where I live!
Have you finished your
homework about the eco-city for
tomorrow?
Yes. My grandpa told me
there used to be vegetable gardens
here.
Eloise, our cat has run away!
Don’t worry…
We will help you…
Here, I have a map.
Oh no! How will I find
him, Mum? I don’t know
the area.
school is over.
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There are no cats here! I live on the 3rd floor.
Quack is the duck that
lives on our pond!
Funny balconies!
The sliding panels protect
the flats from noise, heat and
wind.
She’s looking for her cat.
He’s black and white and quite
big…
There are loads of cats around here but I can’t remember seeing one
like that!
It stops flooding.
That’s weird, a tree growing out of paving stones!
Don’t worry, the stones are porous* so rainwater
can get through them.
This is the way to my place!
Are they flats or houses?
Both… Each one has a garden or
a yard.
I hope Fleabag hasn’t drowned!
If he had come this way, Quack would have flown
away.
FurTher on…
in The square
* allow water to pass through.
Underneath there’s a layer of sponge-like
material.
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Malik’s house
Malik’s roomWater passes through these solar panels and is heated by the sun’s rays.
Neighbours’ house
Room facing south-west gets most heat from the sun.
Wooden window frames for better insulation
The walls are made of concrete, which is produced nearby.
Bamboo plants hold rainwater and keep the garden cool.
These low-energy houses are cheaper to
build and to heat.
It sounds brilliant!
Don’t you have a car?
Yes, we park it
underground. The entrance
is about 100m away.
So you have to walk to your car?
Yes. That way we meet
our neighbours! My parents go to work by tram, anyway.
The car park is locked. Your cat
could not have got in.
Yard
Micro-garden
There’s loads of space!
Is your house big too?
Yeah! I have my own room. Come and see.
on The way ouT oF malik's house…
34
I hope my cat didn’t fall in
there!Hi, Dad. We’re
looking for Eloise’s black and white cat. You haven’t seen it,
have you?
Mum, can you take my schoolbag?
We’re helping Eloise find her cat.
Go to the gardens. There
are lots of cats there.
My uncle is coming to live
here soon.
Thank you!
That’s where they’re building
the nursery where my mum will work.
That’s handy if my mum has another baby.
What’s that?
It’s a water tower that stores water for the gardens.
Shush! Look over
there!
Oh, a fox…
What if it attacks my cat?
No, sorry, love.
Is that where you put your
rubbish?Yes, we don’t
keep rubbish in the flat.
There’s an underground
container for glass, one for packaging
and one for rubbish.
Cars can’t park on
this street.
There are plenty of cars
here!Yeah,
this is the visitors’ car park.
No cats, though…
What’s that?
It’s a ditch that fills up with water
when it rains!
No way! A cat could not open one
of these.
The search goes on.
They Talk To everyone.
in The square
35
Scie
nce
Does your cat often run away?
It’s the first time. We used to live in a flat. Here we have
a house so he can get out.
Garden waste turns into compost (plant food) in one year in these bin.
These plots are for people who don’t have
a garden.
Water butts store rain water.
Each plot has a hut for keeping tools
What a wonderful idea!
Which way did he go?
Hello, have you seen
a black and white cat?
A big fellow with a long black tail?
Yes, that’s him!
Come and shelter in here!
He crossed the road!
Don’t worry. There’s a 20 mile*
per hour speed limit around here.
Thank you! Bye!
Good luck!
That way.
aT The vegeTable gardens
suddenly…
* about 30km per hour.
36
in The park
back aT eloise’s house
Plenty of places for
a cat to hide!
Wow, this stream is
beautiful! Before they improved
this area, the stream went underground
through a pipe.
Why isn’t there more water in
the stream with all the rain?
It flows in gradually through the ditches and
canals…
Look over there!
FLEABAG!
Looks like he already knows the way home…
Your parents went to the meeting for new residents.
You can find them at the library.
First I’m going to see my cat.
Thanks to you, Fleabag, I know all about this eco-city,
now. The homework will be easy!
Wow! It’s huge…
This park isn’t very
tidy! It’s meant to be like that.
Plants and animals can live
wild here.
THE END
© B
ayar
d P
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012.
Tex
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. Tor
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37
If something is energy
efficient:
A. it uses no energy
B. it uses little energy
C. it uses a lot of energy
Answer in Readers’ DIY on page 50.
If a material lets water
pass through it’s called:
A. transparent
B. metal
C. porous
Seedlings are:A. flowering treesB. young plantsC. a kind of vegetable
A greenhouse is used:A. to grow plants in when
it’s cold outsideB. as an outdoor dining roomC. for keeping plants out of the rain
Eloise’s cat is called:
A. Fleaboy
B. Leatherbag
C. Fleabag
Solar panels turn the sun’s rays into:A. plasticB. energyC. bricks
Recycling means turning used things into new so that:A. we have more to buyB. nothing is brokenC. there’s no waste
Eco in eco-city is short for:
A. ecological
B. echoing
C. economical
Illus
trat
ions
: D. M
erm
oux.
1 2
4
3
5 6
7
8
38
This combine harvester swallows up wheat plants and spits out the grains*. It harvests 9 tonnes of grain in 9 minutes! In the Middle Ages, a farmer using hand tools took 3 weeks to gather that much grain…
Inside a combine harvester
Air- conditioned cabinDivider
Cutter bar
Infrared camera
First, it cutsOut in the fields, the farmer uses infrared cameras** to position the combine harvester in exactly the right position. The pick-up reel pushes the wheat plants towards the cutter bar, which cuts them off 10cm above the ground, like a huge mower. Dividers on each end of the pick-up reel bend the plants at the edges of the rows inwards so none are missed.
Pick-up reel
* seeds that we can eat. **sensitive to heat (instead of light like normal cameras).
39
Scie
nce
Lastly it unloadsOnce the grain is clean and all the straw and husks have been removed, the elevator pushes it up into the tank. When the tank is full, the elevator pushes the grain out through the unloader pipe into a trailer. In one hour, this machine harvests 60 tonnes of wheat grain, which can be turned into enough flour to make a million bread rolls!
Straw walker
Threshing drum
Separation system
Tank
Unloader pipe
Sieve
Elevator
Then it shakesThe threshing drum then beats and shakes the wheat so that the grains fall into the separation system. Mixed in with the grains there are bits of straw (dry stalks of the wheat plant) and husks (the hard outer shells of the grains). These are removed here. Then straw walkers carry the straw towards the back of the machine. The grains fall onto a sieve that separates out any remaining bits still mixed in with them.
Length: 10 metresWidth: 3.50 metres without the cutter bar, 12 metres with it.
Weight : 19 tonnesWorking speed: around 7km per hour
ID card
Nothing is wasted!The straw falls out of the back of the harvester. It’s collected by another machine and used for animal bedding.
© B
ayar
d P
ress
e –
Imag
es D
OC
– 2
011.
Tex
t: M
. Bey
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Illu
stra
tions
: D. B
alis
evic
.
40
Footballers’ wages How much a footballer earns depends on the country he plays in and which team he’s in… and of course his talent and popularity. Football is a show, or spectacle, a bit like the film industry. There are some very well paid stars (Samuel Eto’o earns more than £18 milliona year). But there are also plenty of professional players who find it hard to live on their earnings.
££££
Illu
stra
tion
: B. L
efor
t.
Keeping rabbits in cagesRabbits live in herds in the wild. Some want to be the leader but others may not want to be led. Two males will fight to be the chief of the herd and two females may fight for the best space. In a cage, rabbits have less space and can’t choose their companions. Be careful in case one of your rabbits is stopping the other one eating. But
rabbits can also accept each other and may
not fight at all.
© K
lein
-Hub
ert/
Bio
spho
to
Pets
The black deathThis was a terrible disease that spread through Europe in the 14th century. The name came from the ugly black patches sufferers got on their arms and legs. The disease also caused swellings that oozed pus, as well as vomiting and fever. The black death killed 25 million Europeans in 5 years – that’s one in three people! It’s believed to have been brought from Asia by rats travelling on merchant ships. The rats had fleas that spread the illness to people.
© T
ogge
nbur
gBIb
le, 1
411/
DR
Eye colour The coloured part of your eye is called the iris. It contains pigments, which are materials that give colour. If there’s a lot of pigment, your eyes will be dark brown. If there is only a little pigment, your eyes will be pale blue. Between those two there are many other possibilities, giving all the different eye colours. The amount of pigment depends on your parents, grandparents and other ancestors. We call this heredity.
© O
. Ros
si/G
etty
Imag
es
BodyDeadly
Payer’s detailsPayer’s surname Title (Mr, Mrs, Ms) and initials Address Town Postcode Country TelephoneEmail
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Nature
History
Science
World
Games & quizzes10 issues + free collection box= £40 instead of £55.50
SUBSCRIBE a child toand send them off on a journey of exploration!
Every month they will receive a new issue through the post addressed directly to them!
+
Krogg and Alienna
42
Fire!A spacecraft is heading for Earth
at 2O,OOOkm per hour. When it enters the atmosphere.. .
. . . the friction on the fuselage starts to produce a lot of heat.
Soon the temperatuve of the outside of the spacecraft is more than
1,OOO degrees Celsius!
No! Krogg... DON’T!I have to, Alienna! It’s the only way!
I bet the kebabs are burned!
Yeah! We should really get our cooker fixed!
© B
ayar
d P
ress
e –
Ast
rapi
– 2
012.
Tex
t: P
. Mar
tin.
llus
trat
ion
: N. H
ubes
ch.
44
Make sprouting seedsYou can harvest and eat sprouting seeds anywhere and
in any season… They’re very good for you!
Put the beans in the jar. Cover them with water. Cover the jar with the gauze and use the rubber band to hold it in place. Leave the beans to soak overnight. Then without taking off the gauze, pour away the water and rinse the beans.
1
After about 3 to 6 days, the beans will have sprouted thin, green shoots. You can eat them in a salad or sandwich.
Why are sprouting seeds good for you?They contain fibre, mineral salts and more vitamins than dried seeds. Some sprout more easily and taste better than others. You can use all sorts of different seeds and pulses. Pulses: mung beans, aduki beans, lentils and chick peas. Cereals: wheat, buckwheat, quinoa. Vegetables: alfalfa and radish seeds.
Mini quiz Beans are: cereals
tubers pulses
Answer in Readers’ DIY on page 50.
4
You will need:
l Mung beans
l a glass jar
l a piece of gauze (or
other fine mesh netting,
such as mosquito net)
l 1 rubber band
l 1 cloth
Turn the jar upside down and prop it at an angle so all the water drains off. Cover with a cloth so that the beans are in darkness.
2
Every day, rinse the beans with water in the morning and evening. When the shoots are 1 or 2cm long, put the jar in the light.
3
Pho
to: A
lice
Hou
dou
43
DIY Nature: sprouting seeds
DIY Science: 3D photos
DIY World : penalty shoot-out game
DIY History: check it art!
Your jokes and Answers
Send us your artwork, jokes, animal questions and
any other contributions by post to:
DiscoveryBox Bayard Magazines
PO Box 61269 London N17 1DF
UKor by email:
45
Make these photos 3DTo do this experiment put this page on a flat surface,
in a place where there’s plenty of light.
© Cnes-Astrium Services/Spot Image.
© Cnes-Astrium Services/Spot Image
Pla
ce th
e m
irro
r on
th
e do
tted
line
and
fa
cing
left
. The
n re
st
the
left
sid
e of
you
r no
se a
gain
st it
. C
lose
you
r ri
ght e
ye.
You
shou
ld s
ee
imag
e A
in th
e m
irro
r.
Ope
n yo
ur r
ight
eye
and
til
t the
mir
ror
until
the
refle
ctio
n of
imag
e A
is
supe
rim
pose
d on
(a
ppea
rs o
n to
p of
) im
age
B. U
se th
e la
ke
as a
mar
ker.
Wha
t can
you
see
?
These images were taken by a satellite, over the Pyrenees mountains in Spain.
You will need:l a mirrorl this page
Mini quiz A satellite in space can
spot insects on Earth:
true false
Answer in Readers’ DIY
on page 50.
Imag
e B
Imag
e A
Place your mirror here.
Glue
46
Make a penalty shoot-out gameIf you’re a football fan, then this game is for you…
You will need:
l 1 large cardboard fruit box
l 1 smaller cardboard box
l some dressmaker’s elastic
l 1 craft knife + 1 ruler
l sticky tape
l paint
l 1 small bouncy ball
For the goal, cut a piece of cardboard (40cm x 12cm ) out of the smaller box. Cut an opening in it (16cm x 9cm). Bend the strip of card and stick it in place as in the drawing.
For the goalie, fold and stick down a strip of cardboard (40cm x 2cm) as in the drawing. Draw your goalkeeper on a rectangle of cardboard (5cm x 9cm). Stick it to the folded strip of cardboard.
Paint your football pitch green with white markings.
Cut an opening 14cm long and 8cm high.
Make a slit in each side of the big box, 14cm from the corner. Thread the elastic through the slits. Hold it taut and tie each end around a small piece of cardboard to secure it.
How to play You need 2 people: 1 striker who uses the elastic to flick the ball. 1 goalkeeper who moves the goalie to stop the ball.
Mini quiz In 2010, the World Cup took place in: South Africa Brazil
AmericaAnswer in Readers’ DIY on page 50.
47
1. He trained dogs to fetch a stick.
2. He made sure the dogs were fed.
3. He managed the dogs during a hunt.
4. He sold dogs to the king.
Answer in Readers’ DIY on page 50.
Check it art!This picture comes from a book about hunting from the 15th century. It’s called Huntsman and his hounds.
In the 15th century every king and important lord had huntsmen and packs of hounds that they used for hunting. Hunts were regularly organised as entertainment for guests. They were also an excuse for getting rid of any animals that were ruining the crops, such as foxes, rabbits, birds… The animals that the hunters killed would be brought home and cooked. This was always a welcome addition to a meal, especially in winter when there wasn’t much to eat.
What was the job of the chief huntsman?Choose one of the answers 1 to 4. ]
© P
aris
, BN
F
48
Your jokesWe love getting your postcards! Keep sending us your jokes, drawings, photos,
pet questions and tips, or email us at: [email protected]
Zachary
What fish is famous?
Leroy
What did the pig say when
the farmer pulled its tail?
Answer: “That’s the end of me!”
Luey
What do pharaohs say when
they’re scared?
Answer: “I want my MUMMY!”
Chung
What type of music are balloons afraid of?
Answer: pop music!
Charlotte
A woman was driving to
Disneyland when she came to
a sign that said, “Disneyland
left”. So she turned around
and went home!
Lottie
Why did the hedgehog
cross the road?
Answer: to see his flat mate!
Andrew
Why was the sand wet?
Answer: because the sea weed!
Oscar
What do you call two banana skins on the carpet?
Answer: a pair of slippers!
Answer: a starfish!
49
The winners are: Emily Ramsay, Chloé Stylemans, Reena Kurvists and Richard North.
Well done to everyone who took part!
Football competition results (DiscoveryBox 161)
with Andersen Press
From The Funniest Football Book Ever by Carl McInerney which is the prize for this competition.
Which part of
the football ground
never stays
the same?
The changing room
Why is it so hot in a stadium after a football game?
Because the fans have all left!
Jeremy
In your next issue
50
Maxi quiz Page 20 1. B in autumn and in spring; 2. A the same length; 3. C spring; 4. C the longest night of the year; 5. B to make the ground softer and improve drainage; 6 A fly to hot countries for the winter; 7. C by which plants make energy to grow; 8. B animals sleep through the winter.
Maxi quiz Page 271. C there’s no waste; 2. B little energy; 3. A to grow plants in when it’s cold outside; 4. B young plants; 5. B energy; 6 C porous; 7. A ecological; 8. C Fleabag.
Nature DIY Page 44 Mini quiz: pulses (this is the name given to certain plants that have seeds in pods, such as alfalfa, lentils and beans). Cereals are grasses that have grains we eat (such as wheat, barley and oats). Tubers are root vegetables (such as potatoes).
Science DIY Page 45Make these photos 3D: the satellite took these images one after the other. As it was travelling through space, the images were taken from a slightly different position. Each eye also sees things slightly differently and from a slightly different position. Your brain notices this. When the two images are placed on top of each other, your brain can reconstruct a 3D image.
Mini quiz: false. Satellites can see things up to about 50cm long. They can see a bike in your garden, for example, but not the number of your house. Satellites can see people but it’s not possible to see faces in satellite pictures. That’s because the satellite flies through the sky above us and can’t get at the right angle to photograph faces.
World DIY Pages 46 Mini quiz: South Africa
History DIY Page 47Check it art: 3
DiscoveryBox 165What can you see?No it wasn’t a seaweed-flavoured jelly sweet. Though we reckon someone should make one! And it wasn’t the head of a pygmy elephant because… pygmy elephants may be small but they’re still grey like other elephants. So as you probably guessed it was a caterpillar’s tail or back end. It has two marks that look like scary eyes, which the caterpillar uses to frighten away any hungry birds that try to attack it.
Mega quiz1. B the 30th Games; 2. A a gymnasium3. B Addis Ababa4. A 5 players in a team5. A the cheetah; 6. C an albatross 7. C a crown of olive leaves8. A anything that burns
You can answer the back-over Mega quiz on our website from 1st September
www.bayard-magazines.co.uk
The answers will also appear in your next issue.
To subscribe call + 44 (0)1858 438898or visit our website: www.bayard-magazines.co.uk
ANSWERS
Managing publisher: Christophe Mauratille. Editorial Manager: Elena Iribarren. Editor in Chief: Simona Sideri. Art Director: Pat Carter. Text and research: Liz Shepherd. Editor: Caroline Pook. Sales and promotion: Andréa Chhan. Budget Controller: Elda Frey.
For editorial queries please contact: Bayard Magazines, PO Box 61269, London N17 6DF, UK. For a subscription in Switzerland: Edigroup SA - 39, rue Peillonnex - 1225 Chêne-Bourg (Switzerland) - tel: (0041)22 860 84 02 - fax: (0041)22 349 25 92 - email: [email protected]
DiscoveryBox is published by Bayard Presse S.A, a Limited Liability company with a board of Directors and Supervisory Board and a capital of 16,500,000 Euros and having its principal place of business located at 18 Rue Barbès, 92120 Montrouge, France. Board of Directors and Management Committee: Georges Sanerot
(Board President and Publication Director), Hubert Chicou, Alain Auge, André Antoni (Managing Directors). Main Shareholders: Assomption, Saint Loup Ltd, N.D.S. Association.
Printers: Varoprinter, c/Artesania, Madrid, Spain and Allion printing co. Ltd, Hong Kong. Under law n°49956 of 16/07/1949 relating to youth publications. All rights reserved to the publisher © Images Doc, Astrapi – Bayard Presse. CPPAP: 0514 K 78793. ISSN 1366-9028
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Such information may be accessed or modified by the subscriber as specified by the law.
Follow us on (BayardKidsMags) and (Bayard Children’s Magazines).
In your next issue
History
Science
Nature
KingfishersChampion divers!
And lots more funfacts and cartoons
World
Joan of Arcgoes to war
Solar-powered transport
Steve Jobs The man who wanted to put a computer in
every home
© P
. Sak
uma/
AP/S
ipa
© J
ourd
ren/
Dea
l Tea
m
Drum kit Bang bang boom!
C. H
amilt
on J
ames
/nat
urep
l.com
P. M
. Val
at
J. M
affr
e
51
1. Wheat is a food crop:
like pasta, pizza and soup
like oak, hawthorn and elm
like barley, corn and rice
A
B
C
3. To harvest means:
to put reins and a saddle on a horse
to collect fruit and vegetables that are ready to eat
to hunt or kill with a long spear
A
B
C
5. Birds of prey:
hunt for their food
eat seeds and berries
catch insects as they fly
A
B
C
7. Wheat grains have hard outer shells called:
seeds
husks
pips
A
B
C
2. Lake Disappointment is in:
Azerbijan
Australia
Algeria
A
B
C
4. A satellite:
orbits a planet
takes passengers to other planets
dives deep into the sea
A
B
C
6. The capital of the Democratic Republic of Congo is:
Brazzaville
Yaoundé
Kinshasa
A
B
C
8. An orchard is a place where:
fruit trees grow
vines grow
wheat grows
A
B
C
N. 166
World
H
istory
Science N
ature
MEGA QUIZ
Answer this Mega quiz from 1st September at www.bayard-magazines.co.uk
DiscoveryB
oxB
ayard Magazine
PO
Box 61269
London N
17 1DF
United K
ingdom
Collect your pull-out cards every m
onth!In your
next issuelots m
ore cards to collect
When is a mouse an endangered
animal?
What’s this?
House cricketsThese insects come from
Asia but are now found all over the world.
The males make chirping noises by rubbing one wing
against the other. They are omnivores so
they eat anything. They’re also scavengers and will feed on rotting matter. They even eat their own dead if there’s no
other food available.
World
Where in the world?
Nature
Strange pets
World
Where in the world?
Science
Roll on!
Science
Roll on!
Game
What can you see?
Sydney Harbour Bridge and
Opera HouseSydney is the biggest city in Australia. It’s built around
a natural harbour. The bridge, nicknamed ‘The coat hanger’, was built in 1932. The Opera
House, a centre for the performing arts, was built in
1973. Together they are a symbol of this modern city.
Eastern chipmunks
Chipmunks are small, striped squirrels mostly found in North
America. Their name comes from the language of
the Ottawa people of Canada. Chipmunks are very active
during the day. They have lots of energy and like to rush around, jumping and doing somersaults.
A bone in a pedal bin
Test your family and friends.
Illustration: O. Hubert Photography Match/DR
Game
Riddle
Illustration: Donald Grant
Photo: World City
Illustration: R. Saillard Photo: Terra Nova/DRPhoto: Fotolia
Illustration: R. Saillard
The Church of the Saviour on Spilled
BloodIt’s in St Petersburg in Russia. It was built between 1883 and 1907 by Tzar Alexander III in honour of his father who was
assassinated on that spot. It’s decorated with colourful
mosaics and has lots of towers with gold and turquoise roofs
that look like onions.
Wri
te to
Dis
cove
ryB
ox!
Wri
te y
our
joke
, ani
mal
que
stio
n or
an
y ot
her
cont
ribu
tion
on th
is c
ard
and
post
it to
us.
Your
nam
e:
Your
age
:
Stage coachThis covered wagon carried
passengers and goods. It was pulled by four horses and driven by a coachman.
From the 17th century in Europe, stage coaches made regular trips between stops (called stages). This was the first form of public transport.
These coaches travelled at about 6-11km per hour.
Steam drayThis steam-powered cart was invented in the 18th century. It was the first vehicle that
moved without being pulled by animals. It had handlebars
for steering and could go backwards and forwards. Soldiers used it to carry
heavy loads. It was the car’s ancestor, even if it went at
only 4km per hour!
Nature
Strange pets
When it’s being chased by a cat!
Test your family and friends.