DISEASE VECTORS AND VECTOR BIONOMICS

DR.S.M.JOSHIMEDICAL OFFICER&FACULTY MEMBER

H.F.W.T.C.THANE

GENUS WORLD INDIA

ANOPHELES 465 53

AEDES 888 111

CULEX 715 57

MANSONIA 23 4

TOTAL >2091 225

MOSQUITO FAUNA

DISEASE VECTOR

MALARIA-

An.culicifacies,An.fluvitalis, An.minimus,An.sundaicus, An.stephensi,An.phillipinesis, An.varuna,,An,dirus,An.Annularis

DENGUE&CHIKUNGUNYA:- Aedes Aegypti

DISEASE VECTOR FILARIASIS:- Cx.quiquefasciatus,Ma.annulifera

JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS:- Cx.Visnui,Cx,triataenorhynchus

NUISANCE MOSQUITOES:- Cx.quinquefascieatus,Ae.Aegypti, Armigeres

VECTOR of Malaria in INDIA

PNEUMONICS C-An.Culicifacies M-

An.Minimus S-An.Stephensi P-

An.Philipinesis A-An.Annularis S-

An.Sundaicus F-An.Fluvitalis V-An.Varuna D-An.Dirus CM’S PA Suffer from Viral diseases

BIONOMICS OF MALARIA VECTOR SPECIES IN MAHARASTRA

NAME OF SPECIES

RESTING BREEDING BITING FEEDING

An.culicifacies

Indoor, cattle shade, human dwellings,cool places with low disturbances

Rain water pools, irrigation channels,sliggish streams, barrow pits, rice fields.

After dusk10.30P.M.to 12.30AM

Mainly zoophillic

An.fluvitalis

Mainly human habits, in hills found, resting outdoors, irrigated tracks.

Clear waterirrigation channels,in grassy margins of slow moving streams of seepages.

9PM to 11PM

Anthropophillic

An.stephensi

Human dwelling,& cattle shades, out door on well walls

In urban areas wells,cisterns,fountains,ornamental tanks, artificial containers, overhead tanks

4AM to6AM

On human or cattle depending on availability.

VECTOR Species of Malaria in MAHARASTRA

VECTOR SPECIES

DISTRICT

An.culicifaciesIn all district of Maharashtra State mainly in rural areas .

An.Fluvitalis+

An.culicifacies

1)Nagpur 7)Dhule2)Nanded 8)Bhandara 3)Thane 9)Solapur4)Pune 10)Akola5)Beed 11)Ahmednagar6)Osmanabad 12)Gadchiroli13)Aurangabad

An.Stephensi+ An.culicifacies

Urban and Semi urban areas in Maharashtra State

MOSQUITO CONTROL MEASURES

CHEMICAL METHODS

ADULTICIDE

LARVICIDE

Adulticide ( Insecticide) formulation and their dosage

Sr.No.

Name of Insecticide

Preparation of suspention in water

Dosage /sq.M

Residual effectin week

No.of sprayrounds /annum

Requirement /jakh population(inMT)

Area to be covered by 10litres to get correct dosage(Sq.M.)

/round

For 2rounds

1 DDT50%wdp 1kg/10litres 1gm 10-12 2 75 150 500

2 Malathion25%wdp

2kg/10litres 2gm 6-8 3 300 900 250

3 Deltamethrin2.5%wp

400gm/10litre

20mg

10-12 2 3 6 500

4 Alphacypermethrin5%wp

250gm/10litres

25mg

10-12 2 1.875

3.75 500

5 Cyfluthrin10%wp

125gm/10litre

25mg

10-12 2 0.938

1.875

500

6 Lambdacythalothrin10%wp

125gm/10litre

25mg

10-12 2 0.938

1.875

500

1MT= 1000KGM

Insecticide formulation and their dosage For space spraying /fogging

No

Name of Insecticide

Commercial formulation

Preparation of formulation

Equipment used

Remarks

1 PyrethrumExtract

2.0%Extract

1:19 i.e.part of 2%PyrethrumExtract in19 parts of Kerosine/diesel(w/v)

Piit pump or hand operated fogging(micro discharge)machine

Used for indoor spraysufficient to spray for 400 households.100 cu.meter indoor space/household

2 Malathion Technical Malathion

5 .part of Technical Malathion in95 parts of diesel oil(v/v)

Vehicle mounted thermal fogging machine .speed of vehicle6km/hour orasrecommended by machine manufactures

Outdoor thermalfogging watchfor wind conditions before fogging

Fogging should be carried out only In epidemic situation

Larviicide formulation and their dosage

Sr. No. Name of larvicide

Commercial formulation

Preparation of ready rto spray formulation

Sr. No.

Name of larvicide

Commercial formulation

Preparation of ready rto spray formulation

Dosage For Frequency of application1Sq.

mete50 linear meters

1 Hecter(diluted)

1 MLO 100%petrolium product

As it is 20cc 1liter

200 liters

Weekly

2 Temephos 50%ec 2.5cc in 10liters of potable water(surfacetreatment)

20cc 1 liter

200 liters

weekly

3 B.Thuringiensis(Bti)

powder 250gms in 10liters ofpotable water(2.5%susp).

20cc 1 liter

200 liters

Two weekly

4 B.Thuringiensis(Bti)

Liquid 100mlin 10liters ofpotable water

20cc 1 liter

200 liters

Weekly

Mosquito Control Measures Biolodical Method:-Use of Fish Guppy/ Gambusia / Bti /B- Sphericus etc. Source Reduction:- Elimination of reduction of breeding sites.

Filling up burrow pits,ditches,unused irrigation cannals,wells,deweeding,chanalization etc.

Personal Protection:- Use of Repellant Use of mosquito net. Application of Nylon mesh to doors and

windows.

Formula for measurement of surface area of Bed net

Surface Area =2 ( a + b ) +c where a=length x height b=height x width c=length x Width

Methods of Impregnation

Prepare solution in optimum quality of water with required quantity of insecticides.

Soak bed net in solution thoroughly. Do not hang it, dry it by spreading on a

rubber sheet in a shed. Residual Efficacy:-6 months if not washed Precautions:-Avoid contamination of

skin,eyes,mouth with insecticide formulation.

If contaminated ,wash with soap and water.

Impregnation of Bed nets Quality of Bed nets

Bednet hole size:- Not bigger than 1.2 to 1.5 mm.

diameter .i.e.6 to 8 holes to 10mm linear length.

Dosage:- 25 mg Deltamethrin/sq.mt. or 50mg Cyfluthrin/sq.mt.

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