Diseases

DiseasesUlcers When the protective mucous lining of the stomach breaks down, cell membrane is exposedto HCl and pepsinDestruction of cell membrane leads to peptic ulcerUnder this layer of cells is a capillary networkAcids irritate the cells of stomach lining increase in blood flow and acid secretionsMore BF and AS, more tissue is burned, reaction gets strongerMost ulcers linked to bacterium Heliobacter pyloriDiet, stress, and other factors may still play a role

Irritable Bowel DiseasesIrritable bowel syndromeCramping, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation,and diarrheaDoes not permanently harm intestines or cause cancerUlcerative colitisCauses inflammation and ulcers in the top layer of the lining of the large intestine

Crohns diseaseMost common sites of inflammation are the ileum (lower part of small intestine) and colon (large intestine)This swelling causes pain and makes the intestines empty frequentlyInflammation may occur at all layers of intestineNormal, healthy bowel may be found between sections of diseased bowel

Gall stonesWhen cholesterol crystals precipitate to form larger crystalsGall stones can block the bile duct, impairing fat digestion and causing considerable painFeces changes to a grey-white colour

Liver diseaseLiver disease affects 1/10 Canadians The first Canadian liver transplant took place in 1970No absolute cure for liver diseaseIts the only transplanted organ that can regenerate itself, thus making it possible for one person to donate part of their liver to another personJaundiceWhen skin and other tissues turnyellowCharacteristic of liver disease

Cirrhosis Harmful chemicals, like alcohol, are made soluble to be dissolved in blood and eliminated in urineAlcohol is broken down to usable materials and wastesAlcohol will destroy liver tissue in large quantitiesDamaged liver cells are replaced by non-functioning connective tissue and fat cant carry out regular liver dutiesIt can also result from nutritional deprivation or infection