DISINFECTION PROCESSES AT DISEASE

EVENTS

Using the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) Event as an

Example

DON’T TAKE A KNIFE TO A GUN FIGHT!

OR

A .22 TO AN ELEPHANT HUNT!

PLANNING - FORMULA

• Contaminant => Removal + Neutralization + Containment

• Develop an Algorithm – You Must Answer some important questions

Current Snapshot – What’s urgent right now?

Potential Expansion – Short Term & Long Term

Hard Decisions until your assessment is completed. Size up……….

• What are current capabilities?

• What do you need now?

• What would you need in a worse case scenario?

• What is the middle level that you (your State) is comfortable risking?

• How much of this “Risk Differential” can you ensure the Industry will

Mitigate?

WHAT? OBJECTIVE -> DEFINE THE TASKS!

The Basics:

• ID of the Agent/Contaminant?

• Personnel or Equipment?

• Size/Magnitude of Task?

• Amount – Numbers?

AGENT/CONTAMINANT

• Chemical – TICs, Chemical Warfare Agents

• Biological – bacterial, viral, fungal, Category List Agents

• Radiological – Isotopes, dusts, gases

WHO/WHAT/HOW?

• Human/animals?

• Can control what means are safe for cleaning & disinfecting

• Removal – mechanical, surfactant (soap & water),

• Dilution as a minimum-Flushing

• Equipment?

• More flexible/options for types of cleaning & disinfecting agents

• Removal – mechanical, surfactant (soap & water), neutralizing agents,

temperatures

• Dilution as a minimum

SIZE/QUANTITIES

• Human/Animals – few to many => clothing removal, mechanical scrubbing, shower,

bathing, neutralizing/disinfecting agents (opposite pH liquids, alcohol sanitizers, per

Label Instructions, SDS/MSDS)

• Equipment – vehicles few or many; mechanical cleaning (soap, water, brushing,

pressure washing with same agents, chemical agents to alter surfaces [DS2] or

neutralize in other ways that may be damaging to equipment, EPA List agents, Chart

of types

SIZE & NUMBERS

• C&D of this:

• Significantly different than this:

• What about this:

• Or this:

HOW- ALL THAT APPLY

• EPA Approved List for agent - https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-

registration/antimicrobial-products-registered-disinfection-use-against-avian-

influenza

• Iowa State - http://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/HPAI/hpai_resources.htm

• Reference Charts from Accreditation Courses

NC EXPERIENCE

• Four deployments to assist with depopulation – Minnesota & Iowa

• Returned home after these to a developing IMT activity

• I was placed in Decon Group Supervisor Position

• Commissioner Provided his Objective for IC & Operations

• Prepare to conduct depopulation operations on 10 farms simultaneously

• Control/protect against lateral spread of disease

• Do not leave an environmental footprint

• Based on lessons learned on deployments, implied task & mandate from State Vet to take

charge of C&D initially if not adequate or assist with improvements

State EOC

JRSOIIC

Sharron Stewart

Industry Liaison

ResourcesJIS/JIC Lead by

Ag PIO

NCDA&CS Policy GroupJoe Reardon, Doug Meckes,

Dr. Sarah Mason

PIO

Brian Long

SafetyC. Grasty

Depart. Safety Office

Kathy Buckley

Ops

Dr. J Tickel

Logistics

M. Mayes

Finance

H. Gilroy

Plans

M. Howell

EOC Liaison

Field Tech. SpecialistJ. Collie

Depop Group

Depop Task Force 1

Depop Task Force 2

Depop Task Force 3

Disposal Group

Dr. J. Kittrell

Disposal Team 1

Disposal Team 2

Compost Tech. Specialist

J. Hudyncia

4 USDA AHTs3 USDA VMOs

Case Manager Group

Dr. J. QuinnDr. C. Law

Disease Management

Dr. C. Woodlief

Decon GroupDr. B. Akers

Dr. S. Squires

AppraisalW. Culbreath

(USDA)

Commercial

Dr. B. Herring

Disease SurveillanceDr. M Neault

Lab

Dr. K. Post

Security

J. Keith

Backyard

Dr. M. Tolson

BY Survey Team 1

BY SurveyTeam 2

BY Sample Team 1

BY Sample Team 2

BY Sample Team 3

C. SampleTeam 1

C. SampleTeam 2

Environmental Sampling

Special CollectionDr. A. Allen

Tech. SpecialistDr. L. Degenres

SC Sample Team 1

Wildlife Sample 1

Sample Collection Sites

D. Jernigan

Decon Team

Depop Task Force 4

Depop Task Force 5

Disposal Team 3

Disposal Team 4

Disposal Team 5

Decon Team 1Personnel

Decon Team 2Farm

Decon Team 3Company

Admin Team

Case Manager 1

Case Manager 2

Case Manager 3

Case Manager 4

Case Manager 5

CM Documentation

USDA

Deputy FSC

USDA

Cost Unit

Claims Unit

Procurement Unit

Finance Assistants

Contracts

Deputy LSC

Logistics Admin

IT UnitUSDA

Ground Support Unit

Suppy Unit Equpment Assistants

Supply Unit Leader

Deputy PSC

NCFS/USDA

Permitting

Dr. L. Dodds

Resource Unit

NCFS

Check In/Out

NCFS/USDA

Document Unit

NCFS/USDA

EMRS Dr. B. Porter-

Spalding

EPI/Bio Security

Dr. K. Beck

Situation UnitD. Madding

GIS Mapping

ISS

DROUSDA

C&D ASSESSMENTS

• Met with Deputy Group Supervisor – Dr. Scott Squires, USDA

• GIS staff developed an initial listing of truck washes in State

• Visited three different companies’ Processing Plants to assess truck C&D operations

• IMT started/improved algorithms to estimate amounts of vehicle traffic to support

operations (water trucks, dump trucks, skid loaders etc.) on average farm (4.1 barns)

• Based on potential excess numbers of vehicular traffic, we Surveyed current C&D

capabilities:……………………………………….

C&D ASSESSMENTS

• NCEM Convenience Contracts for C&D Equipment Rentals

• Surveyed costs of Rental Companies & current stockage

• Surveyed additional truck C&D companies & HAZMAT Operators

• Requested quotes for new purchase costs of comparable trailered pressure washers

(3 companies)

• Purchased tailored C&D Units (my specs)

• Logic & Features

SHOT IN THE DARK?

• No! Your best estimate.

• Not planning is NOT an option! No matter how good your plan, you’ll not be TOTALLY right.

• You know how to do this, make use of what you have, then make it better each time.

• First Deployment, first day on farm…….

• PDS looked like this…

• With 7 folks around it.

Hooah!!!Next day it looked like this.

😢

😉

First

C&D

Warm Zone

Second

C&D

Cold Zone

Final C&D

Hotel Parking Lot

Equipment C&D

CONTAINMENT

• Enlist your State’s DENR/DEQ

• Protection of the Environment

• Soil & water protection

Contaminant => Removal + Neutralization + Containment

HPAI Cleaning

Soap &

Water

Disinfectant

-Bleach

-Citric Acid

-Quat NH3

-Virkon

-Temperatures

Biosecurity &

Environmental

Protection

23

UNITED STATES – HPAI RESPONSE

Cleaning and Disinfecting:

Dry cleaning (the removal of contaminated materials without the

use of water)

Wet cleaning (washing) - use of water and soap or detergent

Houses and equipment inspected and documented by the State

and/or Veterinary Services (VS) to ensure that cleaning removed

all contaminated materials or substances and that houses and

equipment are completely dry before applying disinfectant

Disinfectants approved by Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA) and selected by the State and/or VS

Focus on Virus Elimination = C&D

100°F and 120°F for 7 days; with at least 3 consecutive days of

heating to this temperature

Courtesy of Dr. Patricia Fox, National Epidemiologist USDA

While there does not seem to be a single source of transmission, there is a

common solution:

Better and Stringent Biosecurity

Premises, Equipment, Personnel, Visitors,

VehiclesCourtesy of Dr. Patricia Fox, National Epidemiologist USDA

JUST ONE MORE HURDLE, JUST KEEP ON KEEPING ON.

QUESTIONS?Bruce.akers@ncagr.gov