Dissolving

vs.Dissociating

Sugar vs. Salt

• Explain the solution process of simple ionic and covalent compounds.

Include: dissociation, hydration, heat of solution 

Additional KEY TermsElectrolyte Non-electrolyte

**The general dissolving rule is like dissolves like.**

Dissociating: the process of separating into charged parts when dissolving.

Only ionic and very polar covalent compounds will dissociate.

Clδ-

H

δ+

+ Na

-

Cl

polar solvent ionic solute

HOH

H

O

H

H

O

H

H

OH

+

-δ-

δ+

δ+

NaCl

NaCl

Dissociate

√

H

Cl

HOH

H

O

H

Cl

H

H

O

H

H

OH

δ-

δ+

δ-δ+

δ+

Dissociate

√

polar solvent very polar solute

polar solvent polar solute

H

O

H

H H

H

H

C C

H

O

H

H H

H

H

C C

H

O

H

H

O

Hδ-

δ+δ-

δ+

δ-δ+

Dissociate

No separationDissolves as whole – no

charged particles.

Electrolytes: • Charged particles in a solution can conduct an

electric current• If it dissociates (ionic and very polar), it creates

electrolytes

*The more soluble a solute is, the more electrolytes produced, the stronger the current*

• Non-polar and weakly polar compounds are non-electrolytes.

IonsCharged particles carry electricity.

The dissociation or ionization of a substance in water can be shown using chemical equations.

C11H22O11(s) C11H22O11(aq)

NaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl–

(aq)

Step 1a: Determine if the compound is polar. 1b: If ionic, write the ions.Step 2: Use subscripts as coefficients.Step 3: Write equation using appropriate states.

non-electrolyte

electrolytes

CH3COOH CH3COO-(aq) + H+

(aq) electrolytes

Write the equation for aqueous aluminum sulphate.

Al2(SO4)3

metal polyatomic ion

Al+3 SO4-2

2 Al+3 (aq) 3 SO4-2

(aq)Al2(SO4)3 (s)

1

3

2

4

CAN YOU / HAVE YOU?

• Explain the solution process of simple ionic and covalent compounds.

Include: dissociation, hydration, heat of solution 

Additional KEY TermsElectrolyte Non-electrolyte