distribution and biomass of macrophytes growing near streams
TRANSCRIPT
Distribution and Biomassof Macrophytes Growing Near Streams
North End
Graywood
U.S.D.A. Project Macrophyte Study SitesExperimental Controls
Beds dominated by
milfoil near stream outlets
Eagle Point
Long Point
Old Orchard Point
McPherson Point
Sand Point
McPherson Point Gully
Long Point
Long Pt. Cove
Hartson Point
Cottonwood Cove
Sutton Point
Macrophyte Studies Project Goals:
• Monitor changes in biomass and standing crop, focusing on areas dominated by Eurasian watermilfoil near streams.
• Establish the relationship between nutrient loading, macrophyte biomass and standing crop
• Characterize changes in areas associated with control and experimental watersheds to determine the effectiveness of BMPs in reducing plant growth.
Graywood Gully
#1
#2
Transects #3
• 2-4 quadrat samples collected by divers at 1, 2, 3, 4 m
• Swimmer tracks the perimeter of the milfoil while boat with Trimble GPS operator follows
• Plants are separated by species and weighed
August 2003 Average and S.D. for all sites. Each number is average of 2-4 quadrats.
Tran Latitutde DepthLocation # (minutes) 1 m 2 m 3 m 4 m
1 44.459 N 31 + 29 199 + 130 61 + 45 12 + 10Sutton Point 2 44.511 N 17 + 11 113 + 38 60 + 32 9 + 8
3 44.563 N 39 + 22 270 + 25 103 + 60 4 + 31 45.441 N 32 + 21 154 + 10 121 + 89 18 + 8
Cottonwood Gully 2 45.496 N 32 + 2 160 + 53 123 + 56 11 + 33 45.544 N 72 + 17 128 + 40 171 + 7 141 46.598 N 13 + 2 169 + 65 247 + 45 11 + 5
McPherson's Point 2 46.654 N 29 + 12 609 + 13 295 + 24 45 + 533 46.692 N 6 + 4 128 + 66 98 + 41 9 + 41 46.497 N 19 + 11 89 + 5 135 + 35 18 + 6
Long Point Cove 2 46.552 N 25 + 9 --- 126 + 68 ---3 46.584 N 45 + 37 301 228 + 85 ---
Long Point 1 46.778 N --- 204 + 18 75 + 31 ---1 47.173 N 28 + 10 --- --- ---
Sand Point Gully 2 47.21 N 36 + 8 346 + 150 234 + 140 21+ 153 47.242 N 36 + 23 245 + 30 335 + 168 50+ 211 48.552 N 69 + 49 107 + 12 81 + 15 36 + 24
Graywood Gully 2 48.614 N 40 + 24 204 + 126 133 + 72 95 + 603 48.652 N 69 + 33 80 + 33 81+ 3 178 + 83
Comprehensive data set now includes four summers.
Average Surface StandingBiomass Area Crop
Location Year grams . m-2 m2
Kg Dry WeightSutton Point 2000 184 + 43 --- --- +++ 2001 467 + 183 8,592 4,017 * 2002 71 + 40 3,688 262
x 2003 138 + 92 11,819 1631
Cottonwood Gully 2000 193 + 85 --- --- ++ 2001 373 + 168 9,387 3,501 *** 2002 316 + 134 7,360 2,326
2003 146 + 41 3,750 548
McPherson's Point 2000 262 + 134 23,192 6,192 +++ 2001 459 + 202 25,783 11.834 ** 2002 151 + 74 12,004 1,813
x 2003 237 + 106 19,760 4,683
Long Point Cove 2000 252 + 35 --- --- ++ 2001 303 + 164 26,498 8,026 ** 2002 247 + 140 26,093 6,444
x 2003 195 + 85 24,554 4,788
Long Point ** 2002 212 + 159 3,123 662 x 2003 140 + 68 1,440 202
Sand Point Gully 2000 212 + 29 9,535 2, 021 +++ 2001 484 + 300 9,781 4,730 *** 2002 325 + 82 7,354 2,390
x 2003 290 + 120 5,310 1,540
Graywood Gully 2000 238 --- --- +++ 2001 412 + 162 36,148 14,897 ** 2002 193 + 123 6,703 1,294
x 2003 131 + 76 14,186 1,858
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
2001 Macrophyte Dry Weights (g . m-2)
R2 = 0.04 p = 0.26
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
2002 Macrophyte Biomass (g/ m sq.)
20
03
Macro
ph
yte
Bio
mass (
g/
m
sq
.)
Comparison of August Biomass Over Last Three Years
2001 vs. 2002
2002 vs. 2003
2001 vs. 2003
Changes in the distribution of
Eurasian Watermilfoil
within individual beds
such as Graywood gully
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
% E
urasia
n W
aterm
ilfo
il 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
% E
urasia
n W
aterm
ilfo
il
1m 2m 3m 4m Stream
1m 2m 3m 4m Central
1m 2m 3m 4m North
Stations are 100-150 m apart along
shore
NM = no milfoil
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000B
ed
Su
rface
Are
a (
sq. m
)
20002001
20022003
ND NDND ND
Annual Changes in Milfoil Bed Surface Area
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000B
ed
Su
rface
Are
a (
sq. m
)
20002001
20022003
ND NDND ND
Annual Changes in Bed Surface Area
W 2001
W 2001
W 2001
W 2001
W 2002
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Sta
nd
ing
Cro
p (
Kg
DW
)
20002001
20022003
ND NDND ND
Annual Changes of Standing Crops in Milfoil Dominated Areas
W 2001
W 2001
W 2001
W 2001
W 2002
100
1000
10000
20000
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1Loading Total Phosphorus (Kg/day) Sept - Dec
Conesus LakeMacrophyte Standing Crop vs. Stream Loading
of Total Phosphorus
R2 = 0.93p = 0.035
JJ
J
J
JJ
R2 = 0.79p = 0.019
2001
2002
2000R2 = 0.83p = 0.012
Relationship of Macrophyte Standing Crop to Average Daily Loading for USDA watersheds
Eagle Point
Long Point
Old Orchard Point
McPherson Point
Sand Point
Loading Prediction Curves for Long Point Cove and North Gully
y = 0.1001x
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.0000 0.1000 0.2000 0.3000 0.4000 0.5000
North McMillan (Kg)
Nor
th G
ully
TP
(Kg)
Relationship of Standing Crop to Total Phosphorus Loading by Streams, Summer
2003
R2 = 0.9251p< 0.01
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Kg Total Phosphorus/ Day(Nov 1 2002 to Oct 31 2003)
Sta
nd
ing
Cro
p (
Kg
)
Progress:
• Better understanding of dynamic nature of milfoil growth
• Established possible cyclical pattern of bed growth
• Loading prediction curve for Long Pt. Cove
• Continued to document statistically significant relationship between stream loading of TP and standing crop
Goals for 2004:
• North McMillan loading prediction curve
• Refine estimates of standing crops
• Comparison of trends in experimental and control beds
• Seasonal changes in sediment nutrient levels