district survey reportsouthwestgarohills.gov.in/notices/dsr_stone.pdfdistrict survey report 2019...

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT

2019 Prepared under MoEFCC, GOI Notification S.O 3611 (E) Dated 25.07.2018

Other Minor Minerals:: South West Garo Hills District

Nodal Officer

District Survey Report, South West Garo Hills

District

Deputy Commissioner

-Cum-

Chairman

District Level Task Force

South West Garo Hills, Meghalaya

Divisional Forest Officer

-Cum-

Member Secretary

District Level Task Force

West & South West Garo Hills,

Meghalaya

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT (OTHER MINOR MINERALS) – SOUTH WEST GARO HILLS

Table of Contents Page INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1

OVERVIEW OF MINING ACTIVITY IN THE DISTRICT ................................................................. 3

GENERAL PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT ...................................................................................... 5

GEOLOGY OF THE DISTRICT ................................................................................................... 7

DRAINAGE OF IRRIGATION PATTERN ..................................................................................... 9

LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN IN THE DISTRICT: FOREST, AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE,

MINING, ETC. ...................................................................................................................... 10

SURFACE WATER AND GROUND WATER SCENARIO OF THE DISTRICT................................. 13

RAINFALL OF THE DISTRICT AND CLIMATIC CONDITION ...................................................... 14

DETAILS OF THE MINING LEASES IN THE DISTRICT ............................................................... 15

DETAILS OF ROYALTY OR REVENUE RECEIVED IN LAST THREE YEARS ................................... 16

DETAILS OF PRODUCTION OF MINOR MINERALS IN LAST THREE YEARS .............................. 17

MINERAL MAP OF THE DISTRICT.......................................................................................... 18

LIST OF LETTER OF INTENT (LOI) HOLDERS IN THE DISTRICT ALONG WITH ITS VALIDITY ...... 19

TOTAL MINERAL RESERVE AVAILABLE IN THE DISTRICT ....................................................... 22

QUALITY/GRADE OF MINERAL AVAILABLE IN THE DISTRICT ................................................. 24

USE OF MINERAL ................................................................................................................. 25

DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF THE MINERAL IN THE LAST THREE YEARS ................................... 26

MINING LEASES MARKED ON THE MAP OF THE DISTRICT .................................................... 27

DETAILS OF THE AREA OF WHERE THERE IS A CLUSTER OF MINING LEASES VIZ. NUMBER OF

MINING LEASES, LOCATION (LATITUDE & LONGITUDE) ....................................................... 29

DETAILS OF ECO-SENSITIVE AREA, IF ANY, IN THE DISTRICT ................................................. 30

IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT (AIR, WATER, NOISE, SOIL, FLORA AND FAUNA, LANDUSE,

AGRICULTURE, FOREST, ETC.) DUE TO MINING ACTIVITY..................................................... 31

REMEDIAL MEASURES TO MITIGATE THE IMPACT OF MINING IN THE ENVIRONMENT ........ 33


RECLAMATION OF MINED OUT AREAS (BEST PRACTICE ALREADY IMPLEMENTED IN THE

DISTRICT, REQUIREMENT AS PER RULES AND REGULATION, PROPOSED RECLAMATION PLAN)

........................................................................................................................................... 34

RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN ..................................................... 36

DETAILS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ISSUES IN THE DISTRICT (LAST FIVE YEAR DATA OF

NUMBER OF PATIENTS OF SILICOSIS & TUBERCULOSIS) ...................................................... 38

PLANTATION AND GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT IN RESPECT OF LEASES ALREADY GRANTED IN

THE DISTRICT ...................................................................................................................... 39

REFERENCES & SOURCE OF INFORMATION: ........................................................................ 40


LIST OF TABLES

Table 2. 1 Summerised Regional Geological Set-Up Around The Block ............. 3

Table 3. 1 General Profile of South West Garo Hills District ............................ 5

Table 5. 1 Drainage System Of Other Important Rivers/Streams ....................... 9

Table 6. 1 Land Use/Land Cover Area In South West Garo Hills ....................... 10

Table 6. 2 Land Utilization Pattern in the District: Horticulture ..................... 12

Table 10. 1 Details of Royalty/Revenue received in Last Three Years .............. 16

Table 11. 1 Details of Production of Minor Minerals in Last Three Years ....... 17

Table 14. 1 Mineral Reserves And Its Grade .................................................... 22

Table 17. 1 Demands and Supply of Minerals in Last Three Years .................. 26

Table 25. 1 Occupational Health Issues in South West Garo Hills District ...... 38


LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. 1 South West Garo Hills District Map ................................................ 2

Figure 1. 2 Physical Map of Meghalaya ........................................................... 2

Figure 6. 1 Land Utilization Figure in South West Garo Hills District ............ 10

Figure 6. 2 Land Use Map of South West Garo Hills District .......................... 11

Figure 12. 1 Map Showing Occurrences of Minerals in South West Garo Hills

......................................................................................................................... 18

Figure 18. 1 Map Showing Letter of Intent Holders for Brick Earth ............... 28

DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT (OTHER MINOR MINERALS) – SOUTH WEST GARO HILLS Page 1

INTRODUCTION South West Garo Hills came into existence as a district of the state of Meghalaya on

7th August 2012. It is a small district of just 822 sq km with only 1, 70,794 people.

1.1 A brief overview about the District:

State/Country Meghalaya/India

Region South West Meghalaya Headquarters Ampati Inaugurated on 7 August 2012 CNRD Blocks 3 Area 822 sq kms. Population (2011) 1, 70,794 Coordinates 25°27.505, 089°56.456

1.2 District-Topography:

The District is bounded on the north by Selsella and Rongram Community and Rural

Development Block; on the south by Sherpur and Jamalpur District of Bangladesh and Dalu

and Gambegre Community and Rural Development Blocks on the east and on the west by

Dhubri and Kurigram District of Assam and Bangladesh respectively. As a natural boundary,

the district has the river Kalu (also known as Ganol) on the North and providing a long

demarcation line to Dhubri District and Selsella while the river Jinjiram flows along the

western boundary of the district. Physically the area of the district extends upto the 11

kilometers short of Tura on the east; Mankachar on the north. The district has

approximately 35 kilometers of international boundary with Bangladesh on the south and

western side. Nearly one third of the total number of villages of the sub-division is declared

as border villages by the Border Area Development Department.

Nearly one third of the total area is said to be covered with hills. While the rest is,

literally a plain region dotted with small hillocks here and there. A large and continuous strip

of plain land stretches from Garobadha towards Mankachar extending upto Mahendraganj

and Gopinath Killa along the border of Dhubri District of Assam and Bangladesh.

The hill regions, on the other hand, begin from 11 kilometer short of Tura on the east

and cover Damalgiri, Okkapara, Mellim and Salmanpara areas on the south. These hills and

hill ranges occur in the east and southern parts of the District and gradually slope down

towards north and west and ultimately converge with the bigger plain region.


Figure 1. 2 South West Garo Hills District Map


OVERVIEW OF MINING ACTIVITY IN THE DISTRICT South West Garo Hills District is exposed to rock types that ranges from Basement

Gneisses and intrusive granite that belongs to the Assam Meghalaya Gneisses Comples

(AMGC) of Archaean / Protezoic age to sedimentaries of Tertiary age. In a Regional Scale the

following is the stratigraphic sequence as noted in this part of West Garo Hills District of

Meghalaya.

The area applied is an uneven, hilly terrain with undulating topography. The highest contour

of the area is 90m from mean sea level and lowest contour is 50 km from mean sea level.

Ganol River flows near about 18km away from the area.

Table 2. 1 Summerised Regional Geological Set-Up Around The Block

Age Group Formation Member Rock types

Quarternary to recent

Alluvium Pebbles,Soil, Sand and Clay

Mid Miocene to Oligocene

Garo

Chengapara

Loose,Poorly cemented micaceousSt, siltstone

and clay

Baghmara C onglomerate,

feldspathic SSt,mudstone, Shale

with fossil wood

Palaeocene to Eocene

Jaintia Kopili

Shella

Langpar

Sylhet L. St.

Sylhet S.St.

Argillaceous Sediments

Dominantly limestone Ferruginous sandstone

Coarse S. St, sandyl St,Calc shale

Jurassic

UNCONFORMITY NON-CONFORMITY

Basaltic flow,

lamprophyre and dolerite dykes and sills

Late carboniferous

toPermian

Lower Gondwana

Karharbari

Gritty to pebbly, coarse to very coarse grained sandstone alternating with medium to fine grained sandstone,

carbonaceous shale and coal stringers


Talchir

Medium to fine grained sandstone, light

greenish grey siltstone and shale,

conglomerates with greenish matrix

Proterozoic & Archaean (?)

Assam Meghalaya

Gneissic Complex

Pegmatites, aplites and quartz vein granitoids (Porphyritic and grey)

granite Gneiss, biotites Gneiss and hornblende

sedimentaries

Basement Complex of AMGC it is represented by migmatite,banded gneiss, amphibol

gneiss biotite gneiss with intrusive grey and pink homophaneous and porphyritic granite.

The basement rock has pervasive metamorphic foliation striking NW-SE direction dipping

500 towards NE and bears signatures affected by ductile shearing. Banded migmatite gneiss

is of granitic composition and exhibit compositional bandings defined by leucosome and

melasome layers. The gneiss has undergone high grade metamorphism from upper

amphibolitesfacies to granulite facies condition.

Dykes of ultrabasic and basic rocks occur as intrusive into the AMGC and the

Gondwana Group. Most of the dykes trends along NW-SE direction and are exposed along

the Baghmara-Singrimari Road. Euhedral crystal of olivine and pyroxene are seen the dyke

rocks. Pegmatite with coarse grained quartz aand K-felspar occurs as veins and apophyses

within the AMGC.

Unique assemblage of Gondwana rocks represented by Talchir and Karharbari

Formation are exposed in the western part of the area,near Singrimari (C.S.Fox,1934). The

Talchir Formation is represented by greenish glauconitic fine grained sandstone and

Karharbari Formation is represented by very coarse grained felldspathic sandstone. There

are reports of coal-bearing horizons within the Gondwana sequence, for which GSI is

actively carrying out exploration in the alluvial covers of the Brahmaputra River.

AMGC at many places is capped by conglomerate horizon followed by sandstone and

shale of the Jaintia Group, represented by the Sylhet/Tura Sandstone Formation followed

upward by the Kopili Formations. The Garo Group is represented by Baghmara and

Chengapara Formation and exposes erratically. The Tertiary sequence has gentle dip of 5*-

10* towards SW striking NW-SE direction. Thin coal seams that are found within the

Shella/Tura Sandstone formation are being mined locally at places. Occurence of lignite

from West Garo Hills District is being reported for the first time by GSI.


GENERAL PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT

Table 3. 1 General Profile of South West Garo Hills District

Sr. No.

PARTICULARS STATISTICS

1 Geographical Area 822 sq km Geographical Position (Dist. H.Q) 25°27.505’ N & 089°56.456’ E No. of CNRD Blocks 3 Population (As per Census 2011) 1,70,794 Literacy Rate (As per Census 2011) 56.7%

2 Deputy Commissioner Office i. General / Establishment

ii. Revenue

iii. Election Branch

iv. Food and Civil Supply

v. Excise

vi. District Disaster Management Authority

Planning Branch

3 Offices Functioning in the District Office of the Superintendent of Police, Ampati Betasing/Zikzak/Rerapara C&RD Block

1. Office of the District Agriculture Officer,Ampati

Office of the District Medical and Health Officer, Ampati Office of the Soil and Water Conservation Officer, Ampati Office of the Border Area Development Officer, Ampati/Kalaichar Office of the Sub-divisional School Education Officer, Ampati Office of the District Transport Officer, Ampati Office of the District School Education Officer, Ampati Office of the District Horticulture officer, Ampati Office of the District Sport Officer, Ampati Office of the Employment Exchang Officer, Ampati Office of the District Social Welfare Officer, Ampati Public Works Department(Roads), Ampati/Barengapara Division Public Health Engineering Department, Ampati Office of the District Animal Husbandry and Vety officer, Ampati Office of the Superintendent of Fisheries, Ampati Office of the District Information and Public Relations Officer Office of the District Statistical Officer, Ampati Office of the Tourist Officer, Ampati Office of the Child Development Project Officer, Betazing/Zikzak/Rerapara Meghalaya Enery Corporation Limited, Ampati District Commerce & Industries Centres,Ampati Jawaha Navodaya Vidyalaya, Mahendraganj Office of the District Informatics officer


4 Education Government College 1 Residential School (JNV) 1 Lower Primary Schools 394 Upper Primary Schools 78 Secondary Schools 64 Higher Secondary Schools 12

5 Land Use Forest Area 433 sq. km

Agriculture Crop Land 288 sq. km Wasteland Open Scrub 27 sq. km

Fallow Land 11 sq. km


GEOLOGY OF THE DISTRICT

The oldest rocks in South West Garo Hills are represented by Mylliem granitoid of

Neoproterozoic to Early Palaeozoic age which is grey/pink in colour and porphyritic in

nature. The sedimentary rocks of Tertiary age overlie Mylliem granitoid. The Shella

Formation of Jaintia Group consists of sandstone, lithomargic clay, shale and some coal

seams followed by Kopili Formation which is an alternate sequence of shale and sandstone

with phosphatic nodules at places. Kopilli Formation is overlain by Baghmara Formation of

Garo Group of Miocene Age which consists of conglomerate, siltstone and sandstone

followed by Changpara Formation of coarse sandstone, siltstone, mudstone and marl. Garo

Group is overlain by Dupitila Group having brown clay and sand, siltstone, grit,

conglomerate and sandstones. Undifferentiated quaternary sediments are characterised by

undifferentiated sand, silt and clay. Sorbhog Formation of Older Alluvium of Recent Age

comprises of oxidised to feebly oxidised brown sand, silt and clay while the Newer Alluvium

consists of unstabilised and unoxidized sand, silt, clay and pebbles. Yamuna faults and Dapsi

faults have been established in the area.

1.1 MINERALS RESERVES/RESOURCES AND POTENTIAL OCCURRENCES OF

THE DISTRICT

1.1.1 Gypsum

Primarily used as a finish for walls and ceilings, wall board, sheetrock. Used in

concrete blocks in building construction. Also used as fertilizer and soil conditioner, adding

hardness to water and Portland cement. It occurs as veins in Mahendraganj and Harigaon

areas of the district.

1.1.2 Brick Earth

Bricks are the most commonly used construction material. Bricks are prepared by

moulding clay in rectangular blocks of uniform size and then drying and burning these

blocks. In South West Garo Hills District, brick clay occurs in the wetlands/paddy fields in the

lowlands and midlands.

1.1.3 River Sand

Rich and thick deposit of sand occur along the banks and adjoining areas of the rivers

like Ganol, Dilni, Rongkhai, Daru, Darong, etc. Sand is deposited as a point bar deposit by the

river meander. Most of the river banks have thick deposit of sand. Lateral extension is pretty

good. The river channels are dried up and have good and rich sand deposits.

1.1.4 Coal

Thin bands of coal have been reported but are not economically important.


4.1.5 Gravel

Gravel is a loose aggregation of rock fragments. Gravel is classified by particle size

range and includes size classes from granule- to boulder-sized fragments. Gravel is

categorized into granular gravel (2 to 4 mm or 0.079 to 0.157 in) and pebble gravel (4 to 64

mm or 0.2 to 2.5 in). ISO 14688 grades gravels as fine, medium, and coarse with ranges 2

mm to 6.3 mm to 20 mm to 63 mm.

The granitic gneiss are extensively quarried for road metal, fencing blocks and

building stones. Apart from this, Roughstone are used for the manufacturing of M-Sand and

cursher products like, Jelly of various sizes, dust etc.


DRAINAGE OF IRRIGATION PATTERN

South West Garo Hills District is mainly drained by the Kalu River (locally known as

Ganol River), Daru, Rongkhai, Dilmi, Darong, Kolai, Muji, Jhonjona, Daipa and Dimasu Rivers.

The Ganol and the Dilni takes its origin from the “Tura Peak” in West Garo Hills

District (872 m amsl). The Ganol River is 24 km long with a drainage area of 2.32 sq. km. The

Ganol River flows west toward Goalpara district in the state of Assam passing through the

south western Garo Hills region viz. Damalgre, Garobada, Mukdangra and Mankachar. Dilni

River on the other hand being a tributary of Ganol River is 19 km in length in South West

Garo Hills District with a drainage area of 0.40 sq. km.

Table 5. 1 Drainage System Of Other Important Rivers/Streams

Sl. No.

Name of River/Streams

Total Length in the District

(km)

Place of Origin Area Drained (sq. km)

1 Daru River 23.00 Salmanpara/Darugre Village

0.78

2

Rongkai River 25.00 Rongkaigre 0.78

3 Darong River 24.00 Salmanpara/Jebalgre Village

0.84

4

Dilni River (Betasing) 24.50 Skagre Village 0.61

5

Kolai River 10.00 Garagre Village 0.22

6

Muji River 9.00 Dalbotpara Village 0.16

7

Jhonjona River 13.00 Gara Bokmangre 0.27

8

Daipa River 14.00 Joshipara 0.21

9

Dimasu River 13.00 Dinggampara Village 0.14


LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN IN THE DISTRICT: FOREST,

AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, MINING, ETC.

Figure 6. 1 Land Utilization Figure in South West Garo Hills District

Table 6. 1 Land Use/Land Cover Area In South West Garo Hills District

Sr. No. Land Use/Land Cover

Classes Area (sq km)

% of Total Geographical Area

1 Agricultural Crop Land 288.4336 35.09

2 Forest & Tree Clad 433.6429 52.75

3 Forest - Scrub 14.1142 1.72

4 Agriculture/Shifting

Cultivation Fallow Land 11.1914 1.36

5 Built Up (Rural/Quarry)

Area 3.786 0.46

6 Shifting Cultivation 2.2521 0.27

7 Wasteland - Scrub Open 27.9679 3.40

8 Waterbodies 15.9507 1.94

TOTAL 797.3388 97.00

Land Use/LandCover of South West Garo Hills District

Agricultural Crop Land

Forest & Tree Clad

Forest Scrub

Agri./Shifting Cultivation FallowLand

Built Up (Rural/Quarry )Area

Shifting Cultivation

Wasteland Scrub Open Area

Waterbodies

35.09 %

52.75 %

1.72 %

1.36 % 0.46 %

0.27 % 3.40 %

1.94 %


Figure 6. 2 Land Use Map of South West Garo Hills District

Source: District Agriculture Officer, South West Garo Hills


6.1 Land Use: Forest The South West Garo Hills District does not have any Reserve Forest (R.F.) as well as

Protected forest (P.F.). Most of the tree cover falls under the jurisdiction of the Nokmas/

Nokma Clan, who owns the land. The total percentage of tree cover is near about 53

percent out of the total geographical area of the district.

Table 6. 2 Land Utilization Pattern in the District: Horticulture

Area(Ha)

Sr. No.

Name of Crops Zikzak Betasing Rerapara Total

1 Arecanut 495 505 475 1475 2 Citrus Fruit (Khasi

Mandarin 111 79 - 190

3 Cashewnut 560 580 548 1688 4 Black Pepper 26 25 10 61 5 Ginger 68 66 60 194 6 Banana 150 150 139 439 7 Pineapple 206 205 205 616

8 Cabbage 35 26 16 77

9 Cauliflower 30 15 13 58 10 Tomato 22 20 11 53 11 Brinjal 26 21 10 57 12 Chilli 110 50 30 190

13 Turmeric 52 51 30 133


SURFACE WATER AND GROUND WATER SCENARIO OF THE DISTRICT The information is not available.


RAINFALL OF THE DISTRICT AND CLIMATIC CONDITION The climate of Meghalaya varies with the altitude. The climate of South West Garo

Hills District being plain belt region is warm and humid, except in winter. True to its name, the Meghalaya sky seldom remains free of clouds. The average annual rainfall is about 1,150 cm. Flood affected areas are mostly on the low altitude areas, bordering Assam and the international border (India-Bangladesh). Flash floods have become a regular feature in these areas, due to massive deforestation, unchecked jhum cultivation. The flood water carries huge amount of hill sand, stone, logs and trees, which are deposited in agricultural fields due to inundation of banks in the foot hills, thus causing immense damage to crops. The key to the health of the farm sector in the state lies in the health of the forest cover in the state. Every peak, every square inch of the upper range of the hills need to be under mixed forest cover to protect the soil from leaching and erosion to help regulate and decrease the fury of streams and rivulets during the monsoon season. Vegetation also help to retain soil moisture and ooze it out during the lean winter months to balance vegetative stress caused by mono cropping in the valley; to bestow various other advantage to help maintain the fragile eco-balance. This will ensure continuous cultivation of crops in the farm sector.

1.2 Meteorological Parameters

8.1.1 Rainfall Data for the Year 2016 in millimeter(mm)

Stations Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Totl Rainy Days

Ampati 1 0.2 33.6 34.4 256.8

307.6

242.8 48.6 110.2

0 0 0 1035.2

0

8.1.2 Temperature (in degree celcius) Data for the Year 2016 in millimeter(mm)

Stations Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Ampati (max)

17.09 21.13 25.35 29.14 27.63 29.53 28.68 16.3 0 0 0 0

Ampati (min)

15.83 19.73 24.08 29.14 26.66 28.66 27.98 15.3 0 0 0 0

8.1.3 Humidity (in %) Data for the Year 2016

Stations Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec AMPATI

(max) 87.05 81.65 75.09 80.34 84.84 87.99 92.24 48.51 0 0 0 0

AMPATI (min)

81.97 75.77 68.69 80.34 79.4 83.37 88.88 45.96 0 0 0 0


DETAILS OF THE MINING LEASES IN THE DISTRICT There are no mining leases granted in the district.


DETAILS OF ROYALTY OR REVENUE RECEIVED IN LAST THREE YEARS

Table 10. 1 Details of Royalty/Revenue received in Last Three Years

Sr. No. Year ROYALTY OR REVENUE RECEIVED (in lakh)

1 2016-2017 327.22 2 2017-2018 158.10 3 2018-2019 172.09

(N.B: Revenue only for Stone Boulders/Chips)

Source:- DFO(T)


DETAILS OF PRODUCTION OF MINOR MINERALS IN LAST THREE

YEARS

Table 11. 1 Details of Production of Minor Minerals in Last Three Years

Sr. No.

Year

Stone/Boulder/ Chips (in Cubic meter)

1 2016-2017 135709.417 2 2017-2018 65528.06 3 2018-2019 98384.678

Source:- DFO(T)


MINERAL MAP OF THE DISTRICT

Figure 12. 1 Map Showing Occurrences of Minerals in South West Garo Hills


LIST OF LETTER OF INTENT (LOI) HOLDERS IN THE DISTRICT ALONG WITH ITS VALIDITY

Sr. No

Name of Mineral

Name of the Lessee

Address & Contact No. of Letter of Intent

Holder

Letter of Intent Grant Order No.

& Date

Area of Mining Lease to be

Allotted (Ha)

Validity of LOI

Use (Captive/

Non Captive)

Location of the Mining Lease

Lat. (N) Long (E)

1

Bri

ck E

arth

Smt Ronilla R. Marak

Daldagre, P.O. Araimile, Tura

No.B/16/VII/2590, dt.

18/07/2019 0.688 6 Months Captive

25°34ʹ38.30ʺ 90°02ʹ14.50ʺ

25°34ʹ40.15ʺ 90°02ʹ14.56ʺ

25°34ʹ40.20ʺ 90°02ʹ10.52ʺ

25°34ʹ38.00ʺ 90°02ʹ10.63ʺ

2 Shri Naresh

Sangma

Kathalbari, P.O. Garobadha, South

West Garo Hills

No.B/16/VII/4982, dt.

20/12/2018 2 6 Months Captive

25°35ʹ23.1ʺ 089°59ʹ02.5ʺ

25°35ʹ24.2ʺ 089°59ʹ02.2ʺ

25°35ʹ25.0ʺ 089°59ʹ59.6ʺ

25°35ʹ23.2ʺ 089°59ʹ58.00ʺ

25°35ʹ20.0ʺ 089°59ʹ56.3ʺ

25°35ʹ18.7ʺ 089°59ʹ58.9ʺ

25°35ʹ18.6ʺ 089°58ʹ01.0ʺ

25°35ʹ20.5ʺ 089°59ʹ01.6ʺ

3 Smt. Anwara

Begam

Mahindraganj, P.O. Mahendraganj, South

West Garo Hills

No.B/16/VII/3140, dt. 1/10/2018

0.74 6 Months Captive

25°18ʹ59.1ʺ 089°51ʹ32.2ʺ

25°19ʹ00.4ʺ 089°51ʹ31.7ʺ

25°18ʹ55.7ʺ 089°51ʹ27.7ʺ

25°18ʹ54.99ʺ 089°51ʹ29.5ʺ

4 Shri Ashok

Kumar Singh

Fancy Valley, Tura, West Garo Hills

Mobile No. 9436114941/ 7085448699

No.B/16/VII/5001, dt.

21/12/2018 0.958 6 Months Captive 25°34ʹ37.2ʺ 90°03ʹ31.8ʺ


4

Bri

ck E

arth

Shri Ashok Kumar Singh

Fancy Valley, Tura,

West Garo Hills Mobile No.

9436114941/ 7085448699

No.B/16/VII/5001, dt. 21/12/2018

0.958

6

Mo

nth

s

Cap

tive

25°34ʹ26.7ʺ 90°03ʹ33.1ʺ

25°34ʹ26.2ʺ 90°03ʹ33.1ʺ

25°34ʹ26.0ʺ 90°03ʹ33.9ʺ

25°34ʹ24.3ʺ 90°03ʹ33.4ʺ

25°34ʹ23.7ʺ 90°03ʹ37.2ʺ

25°34ʹ21.9ʺ 90°03ʹ35.3ʺ

25°34ʹ25.7ʺ 90°03ʹ32.3ʺ

5 Smt. Gul Begam

Ichakuri, P.O. Monabari, South West Garo Hills

No.B/16/VII/1115, dt. 20/03/2019

1.3 25°32ʹ20.9ʺ 89°53ʹ06.5ʺ

25°32ʹ18.9ʺ 89°53ʹ09.2ʺ

25°32ʹ14.8ʺ 89°53ʹ13.9ʺ

25°32ʹ13.4ʺ 89°53ʹ11.5ʺ

25°32ʹ20.9ʺ 89°53ʹ07.9ʺ

6 Shri Hillar Ch. Marak

Bolganggre, P.O. Mukdangra, South


8732869906

No.B/16/VII/4978, dt. 20/12/2018

0.625 25°33ʹ45.0ʺ 90°04ʹ58.1ʺ

25°33ʹ46.2ʺ 90°04ʹ57.4ʺ

25°33ʹ45.7ʺ 90°04ʹ56.1ʺ

25°33ʹ46.2ʺ 90°04ʹ54.4ʺ

25°33ʹ45.3ʺ 90°04ʹ53.2ʺ

25°33ʹ43.7ʺ 90°04ʹ54.4ʺ

25°33ʹ44.1ʺ 90°04ʹ55.4ʺ

25°33ʹ44.3ʺ 90°04ʹ56.8ʺ

7 Shri Ashok Sangma

Goanang, Tura, West Garo Hills Mobile No.

7005430337

No.B/16/VII/968, dt. 12/03/2019

2 25°31ʹ30.2ʺ 90°06ʹ19.3ʺ

25°31ʹ27.5ʺ 90°06ʹ18.8ʺ

25°31ʹ27.7ʺ 90°06ʹ16.3ʺ

25°31ʹ27.6ʺ 90°06ʹ11.5ʺ

25°31ʹ32.1ʺ 90°06ʹ13.2ʺ


7

Bri

ck E

arth

Shri Ashok Sangma

Goanang, Tura, West Garo Hills Mobile No.

7005430337

No.B/16/VII/968, dt. 12/03/2019

2

6 M

on

ths

Cap

tive

25°31ʹ30.22ʺ 90°06ʹ19.29ʺ

25°31ʹ30.6ʺ 90°06ʹ17.8ʺ

8 Shri Rajasur Fancy Valley, P.O. Tura, West Garo Hills

Mobile No. 8837072719

No.B/16/VII/4758, dt. 03/12/2018

1.979 25°33ʹ40.4ʺ 90°01ʹ36.5ʺ

25°33ʹ39.3ʺ 90°01ʹ36.3ʺ

25°33ʹ38.5ʺ 90°01ʹ34.9ʺ

25°33ʹ37.1ʺ 90°01ʹ35.8ʺ

25°33ʹ35.5ʺ 90°01ʹ35.1ʺ

25°33ʹ34.4ʺ 90°01ʹ37.0ʺ

25°33ʹ35.5ʺ 90°01ʹ39.2ʺ

25°33ʹ38.7ʺ 90°01ʹ41.1ʺ

9 Smt. Kalkame D. Sangma

Dalupara, P.O. Mukdangra, South


7085253341

No.B/16/VII/4935-939, dt.

19/12/2018

0.503 25°33ʹ56.9ʺ 90°01ʹ34.9ʺ

25°33ʹ54.5ʺ 90°01ʹ35.4ʺ

25°33ʹ54.2ʺ 90°01ʹ32.2ʺ

25°33ʹ56.7ʺ 90°01ʹ32.8ʺ


TOTAL MINERAL RESERVE AVAILABLE IN THE DISTRICT Meghalaya is endowed with sizeable deposits of a number of valuable minerals.

Coal, limestone, uranium, granite, kaolin, clay and glass sand are the principal minerals. A

brief account of mineral resources is as follows:

Table 14. 1 Mineral Reserves And Its Grade

Sl No.

Minerals Reserves in the State

Grade Major places of occurrence

1 Coal 576 Million tonnes

Sub-bituminous, high calorific value and high sulphur content

Meghalaya coal, which is tertiary coal, is generally sub-bituminous in composition. The prominent coalfields of the State are West Darrangiri, Siju, Pendengru-Balpakram in the South Garo Hills district; Borsora Langrin and Shallang in the West Khasi Hills district; East Darrangiri partly in West Khasi Hills and partly in East Garo Hills; Mawlong-Shella and Sohra-Cherrapunjee in the East Khasi Hills district and Bapung-Sutnga in the Jaintia Hills district.

2 Limestone 9304 million tones

Cement metallurgical and chemical

An extensive bed of limestone occurs in the Southern part of the State from Jaintia Hills in the East and Garo Hills in the West. The main deposits are found around Cherrapunjee, Mawlong, Ichamati, Shella, Komorrah in the East Khasi Hills district; Borsora and Bagli in the West Khasi Hills district; Lakadong, Lumshnong and Nongkhlieh in the Jaintia Hills district; and Darrang Era-aning, Siju, Chokpot in the South Garo Hills district.

3 Uranium Uranium - Significant occurrence of uranium deposit is found in and around Domiasiat and Porkut-Nongjri around Wahkynshi area in the West Khasi Hills District.

4 Granite 50 million cubic meter

Table top, wall cladding etc.

Deposits of multi-coloured granite have been located


around Nongpoh in the Ri-Bhoi District; Mylliem in the East Khasi Hills District; Mawkyrwat and Nongstoin in the West Khasi Hills District; and Mendipathar and Songsak in the East Garo Hills District.

5 Clay 97 million tones

White ware earthen ware furnace lining curing soap etc.

Sedimentary white clay is found around Cherrapunjee and Mahadek in the East Khasi Hills; Nangalbibra in the South Garo Hills and Rongrengre in the East Garo Hills District.

6 Kaoline 5.24 million tonnes

White ware Good quality Kaolin (China Clay) occurs around Mawphlang, Smit and Laitlyngkot in the East Khasi Hills District; Thandlaskein, Shangpung, Mulieh and Mynsngat in the Jaintia Hills District; and Darugiri in the East Garo Hills District.

7 Iron ore - Low grade West khasi hills and East Garo Hills

8 Glass sand 3.00 million tones

Oridanary glass ware

Glass Sand - Glass sand is found to occur at Laitryngew, Umstew and Kreit in the East Khasi Hills and Tura in the West Garo Hills.

9 Quartz 0.5 million tones

Industrial grade Quartz occurs almost in all districts in the Northern part of the State.

10 Feldspar Ceramic grade Feldspar and iron ore are reported in the Ri-Bhoi and West Khasi Hills Districts;

11 Sillimanite 50 million tones

High temperature furnace lining

Sillimanite is found in some parts of Mawthengkut Block at Sonapahar of the West Khasi Hills District.

12 Bauxite 1.45 million tones

Low grade Jaintia hills

13 Rock phosphate

Low grade Jaintia hills


QUALITY/GRADE OF MINERAL AVAILABLE IN THE DISTRICT See Table: 14.1, Pg. 23


USE OF MINERAL

16.1 Brick Earth/Ordinary Clay:

Bricks are the most commonly used construction material. Bricks are prepared by moulding clay in rectangular blocks of uniform size and then drying and burning these blocks. In order to get a good quality brick, the brick earth should contain the following constituents.

Silica Alumina Lime Iron oxide Magnesia

Clays and clay minerals occur under a fairly limited range of geological conditions

and are produced by weathering of silicate minerals containing calcium, magnesium, sodium

or potassium reacting with carbonic acid, carbonates and bicarbonates. These soluble

products are removed by ground water, while the remaining elements, aluminium, silicon,

and oxygen combine with water to produce stable clay minerals. The environment of

formation include soil horizons, continental and marine sediments, geothermal fields,

volcanic deposits, and weathering rock formations. Extensive alteration of rocks to clay

minerals can produce relatively pure clay deposits that are of economic interest. Clay

formed at the site of the parent rock is known as primary or residual clay; the one carried

away or transported and deposited elsewhere is known as secondary clay. For obvious

reasons, the former is purer with less impurity (5% - 15%), while the latter may contain

mica, quartz, and iron oxide as impurities. Geological factors such as conditions at the time

of deposition and post- depositional changes have been important influence on the

properties of sediment.

Building and utensils made of clay date back to the earliest periods of man’s civilized

development, and the use of clay is intimately associated with his history.

In South West Garo Hills District, brick clay occurs in the wetlands/paddy fields in the

lowlands and midlands. The clay extracted is used mainly for the manufacture of ordinary

brick (manually made), and pottery wares. A total reserve of 79514.59 MT (estimated figure

from last three years demand and supply) is estimated up to depth of 5 m. This clay is locally

used for the manufacture of bricks and tiles. Many brick factories are concentrated near the

brick clay mines in various locations of the South West Garo Hills District.


DEMAND AND SUPPLY OF THE MINERAL IN THE LAST THREE YEARS

Table 17. 1 Demands and Supply of Minerals in Last Three Years

Sr. No.

Year

Stone/Boulder/ Chips (in Cubic meter)

1 2016-2017 135709.417 2 2017-2018 65528.06 3 2018-2019 98384.678

Source:- DFO(T)


MINING LEASES MARKED ON THE MAP OF THE DISTRICT There are no mining lease holders in South West Garo Hills district at present.

Letter of Intent (LOI) holders for Brick Earth is marked on the map in Figure: 18.1


LOI Holders for Brick Earth Figure 18. 1


DETAILS OF THE AREA OF WHERE THERE IS A CLUSTER OF MINING

LEASES VIZ. NUMBER OF MINING LEASES, LOCATION (LATITUDE &

LONGITUDE) There are no mining lease holders in South West Garo Hills district. Therefore, details

of the area of where there is a cluster of mining leases remains NIL.


DETAILS OF ECO-SENSITIVE AREA, IF ANY, IN THE DISTRICT There are no Eco-Sensitive areas notified under South West Garo Hills District.


IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT (AIR, WATER, NOISE, SOIL, FLORA

AND FAUNA, LANDUSE, AGRICULTURE, FOREST, ETC.) DUE TO MINING

ACTIVITY Mining operations impact the environment in several ways. Impact on Environment

due to mining activities varies based on the quantum of production rate proposed.

21.1 Impact of mining on Air:

The largest sources of air pollution in mining operations dust emission in the form of

Respirable Suspended Particulate (RSPM) Matter and Suspended particulate matter (SPM)

during excavations, blasting, loading and unloading, transportation of materials, wind

erosion (more frequent in open-pit mining),fugitive dust from tailings facilities, stockpiles,

waste dumps, and haul roads. Another source of pollution would be emission from

trucks/vehicle used for transportation of mineral. These pollutants can cause serious effects

to people’s health and to the environment.

21.2 Impact of mining on water:

Mining activity affects both surface and subsurface water. Due to mining water

bodies can get contaminated with dust and toxic materials. The drainage system and

topography will influence extent of water pollution. During excavation huge quantity of

waste and dust generated which may flow to water bodies leading to reduced water

carriage capacity, floods and reduced light penetration. Acid mine drainage is considered

one of mining most serious threats to water resources. A mine with acid mine drainage has

the potential for long-term devastating impacts on rivers, streams and aquatic life.

21.3 Noise pollution

Noise pollution associated with mining may include noise from vehicle engines,

loading and unloading of rock into steel dumpers, chutes, power generation, and other

sources. Cumulative impacts of shovelling, ripping, drilling, blasting, transport, crushing,

grinding, and stock-piling can significantly affect wildlife and nearby residents. Vibrations

are associated with many types of equipment used in mining operations, but blasting is

considered the major source. Vibration has affected the stability of infrastructures,

buildings, and homes of people living near large-scale open-pit mining operations. According

to a study commissioned by the European Union in 2000: “Shocks and vibrations as a result

of blasting in connection with mining can lead to noise, dust and collapse of structures in

surrounding inhabited areas. The animal life, on which the local population may depend,

might also be disturbed.”


21.4 Impact on Flora and fauna

Mining activity is one of the major reasons for deforestation, loss of biodiversity,

habitat degradation and habitat fragmentation. Mining activity will require clearing of

vegetation leading to loss of green cover. Dust and noise pollution will create affect wildlife.

Mining activity in the wild life corridor/wildlife habitat will affect animal movement and will

lead to man-animal conflict. Mining will change the topography of the area thereby causing

physical disturbances to the landscape, creating eyesores.

21.5 Impact on agriculture

Agricultural yield will be reduced due to obstructions by the dust particles as settled

on the leaves reducing photosynthesis process of plant.


REMEDIAL MEASURES TO MITIGATE THE IMPACT OF MINING IN THE

ENVIRONMENT The following remedial measures to be taken during mining.

Water shall be sprinkled at regular interval on the main roads, service roads

and at loading points to suppress fugitive dust.

Wet drilling method is to be adopted to control emission.

Provision of ear plug to the workers.

Blasting shall be carried out during day time only after taking necessary

precautionary measures to ensure safety of public.

Air and noise pollution shall be checked periodically and to maintain records.

Speed of trucks entering or leaving the mine is to be limited to moderate

speed to prevent undue noise from empty trucks and reduce dust emission.

The mined out pits should be backfilled and area should be suitably

landscaped to prevent environmental degradation.

Mine closure plan as per the mining plan shall be strictly followed with back

filling, tree plantation.

Rain water getting accumulated in the quarry/mines shall not be discharged

directly to the nearby stream or water body.

The workers employed shall be provided with personal protective equipment

and dust masks.

Periodic medical examination of the workers and shall organize medical

camp in the area.

Occupational health check-ups shall be done once in six months for workers.

Adequate measures to be taken during excavation to ensure that mining

activity does not affect hydrological regime.

Shall ensure that no natural water course/ or water resources shall be

obstructed due to mining activity.

Pollution due to transportation shall be effectively controlled.

Mineral transportation shall be carried out through covered trucks only.

Regular and proper maintenance of working equipment.

Regular training program to the mines workers and operators.

In the mining area adequate number of check dam, retaining walls garland

drain and settling ponds should be provided to arrest the wash-off with rain

water.

Comprehensive green belts of desired widths are to be maintained around

the mining areas to control noise, dust pollution and to generate a healthy

environment.


RECLAMATION OF MINED OUT AREAS (BEST PRACTICE ALREADY

IMPLEMENTED IN THE DISTRICT, REQUIREMENT AS PER RULES AND

REGULATION, PROPOSED RECLAMATION PLAN)

23.1 Reclamation has three vital roles:

Reclamation – Reclamation means return the mined-out land with useful life. It

implies restoring the land to a form and productivity that is useful and inconformity

with a prior land use. Reclamation always may not be a single phase operation.

Rehabilitation – Rehabilitation is to bring back the degraded land to a normal stage

by a special treatment. It is a process of taking some mitigation measures for

disturbed environmental condition created through mining activities.

Restoration – Restoration is the process of returning the mined out land being fit to

an acceptable environmental condition. However, the general acceptable meaning

of the term is bringing the disturbed land to its original form. Restoration is often

used to indicate that biological properties of soil are put back to what they were.

When active mining ceases, mine facilities and the site are reclaimed and closed. The

goal of mine site reclamation and closure should always be to return the site to a condition

that most resembles the pre-mining condition. Mines that are notorious for their immense

impact on the environment often made impacts only during the closure phase, when active

mining operations ceased. These impacts can persist for decades and even centuries. Mine

reclamation and closure plans must describe in sufficient detail how the mining company

will restore the site to a condition that most resembles pre-mining environmental quality;

how it will prevent – in perpetuity – the release of toxic contaminants from various mine

facilities (such as abandoned open pits and tailings impoundments); and how funds will be

set aside to insure that the costs of reclamation and closure will be paid for.


23.2 Reclamation Plan

Items Activities

Reclamation & Rehabilitation

of Mined out land / area

(i) Backfilling

(ii) Afforestation on backfilled area

(iii) Afforestation on exhaust benches

(iv) Pisciculture

(v) Converting into reservoir/fish pond

(vi) Landscaping and conversion to recreational

centre

(Vii) converting into Grazing land

Stabilization & Rehabilitation

of dumps

(i) Terracing

(ii) Pitching

(iii) Construction of parapet walls / retaining wall

at toe of dump

(iv) Construction of check dams along slope of

valleys

(v) Construction of settling pond, channels garland

drains etc.

(vi) Afforestation on dumps

(vii)Use of Jute Geo textile to stabilise slopes

Rehabilitation of barren area

within lease

(i) Afforestation

Environmental monitoring

(Core Zone)

(i) Ambient Air quality

(ii) Water quality

(iii) Noise Level Survey

(iv) Ground vibration

23.3 Statutory requirement:

As per the Mineral Conservation Development Rule, 2017, the following rules must

be in mind by the mine owner/agent/manager, which is a part of reclamation activities –

Rule 22- Mine Closure Plan

Rule 23- Submission of Progressive Mine Closure Plan

Rule 24- Submission of Final Mine Closure Plan

Rule 26- Responsibility of holder of mining lease Rule

Rule 27- Financial Assurance Rule

Rule 35- Sustainable Mining


RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN The Mining Operations is usually hazardous and destructive in nature. Some of the

risk assessment relating to Mining Operations is as below:

1. Slope/ Benches failure.

2. Accidents due to machineries and equipment.

3. Inundation.

4. Accidents due to blasting/ explosives.

5. Accidents due to Fire.

6. Accidents due to inadvertent entry of people and animals.

Disaster Management Plan

In order to mitigate the above Risk Assessment, the Disaster Management Plan in

order to minimize accidents and control the damage, the followings are to be followed:

1. Proper maintenance of benches and slope along with proper design considering the

stability of the working benches or slopes.

2. Proper maintenance of machinery and equipments and proper signalling methods.

Proper maintenance of berms on haul roads including the proper width and gradient

of haul roads.

3. Proper maintenance of drainage/ sump and pumps.

4. Care has to be taken on handling of explosive, misfires and proper design of blasting

parameter and use of blasting accessories to minimize fly rocks, noise and vibration.

Proper signalling and maintenance of blasting shelter.

5. Fire extinguisher has to be kept in all the machineries and wherever a fire hazard is

anticipated.

6. Proper fencing of the lease boundary is to be practise in order to avoid any

inadvertent entry.

7. Detailed list of equipment available, its type & capacity and items reserved for

emergency

8. Apart from the above precautions, Emergency Response Team is to be arranged by

the lessee under the supervision of Mine Manager to tackle in case of any disaster/

accident.


9. Management to ameliorate the situation of panic, tension, sentiments, grievances

and misgivings created by any disaster and to help the injured, survivors and family

members of affected persons by providing material, finance, moral support and

establishing contact with relatives of victims.

10. It is also important that the lessee has to maintain the following facilities in the

area:-

First Aid Room

Telephones/Mobile Handsets

Emergency Alarms in Mine

Fire Fighting Equipment and Accessories with Trained Manpower

Training Centre

Ambulance Van

Medical Centre and Rescue Room


DETAILS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ISSUES IN THE DISTRICT

(LAST FIVE YEAR DATA OF NUMBER OF PATIENTS OF SILICOSIS &

TUBERCULOSIS)

The details of number of patients treated for silicosis and Tuberculosis for the last

five years in the district is given below:

Table 25. 1 Occupational Health Issues in South West Garo Hills District

Sr. No.

Year Number of patients treated for silicosis

Number of patients treated for Tuberculosis

1 2014 NIL 186 2 2015 NIL 178 3 2016 NIL 142 4 2017 NIL 167 5 2018 NIL 147

TOTAL - 820


PLANTATION AND GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT IN RESPECT OF

LEASES ALREADY GRANTED IN THE DISTRICT

In respect of plantation and green belt development of already granted leases the

lessee will maintained a 7.5m boundary zone of the lease area which is a part of

environment protection measures and for this the proposed yearly expenditure on

environment activities is as submitted by the lessees in the Pre- Feasibility Report prior to

granting of Environmental Clearance. The green belt will not only on the one hand function

as a foreground and background landscape feature resulting in harmonizing and

amalgamating the physical structures of the mines with the surrounding environment but

will also on the other hand act as a pollution sink, control erosion, make the ecosystem

more stable and also make the climate more conductive. The choice of species to be planted

should preferably be the local species compatible with the environmental conditions

prevailing in the area.


REFERENCES & SOURCE OF INFORMATION: http://southwestgarohills.gov.in/offices.html

Department:

Water Resources

Public Works Department (Roads)

Public Works Department (NEC)

Public Health Engineering

Medical & Health Department

Agriculture

Soil & Water Conservation

Forests & Environment

http://southwestgarohills.gov.in/offices.html

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