div. of bioprocess engineering school of biotechnology, kth/menu/general… · the integration of...
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Sustainability activities at
Div. of Bioprocess EngineeringSchool of Biotechnology, KTH
Prof Gen [email protected]
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THE DEFINITION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Biotechnology is the integration of natural sciences and engineering
in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for
products and services.
European Federation of Biotechnology, 1980
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THE LIGNOCELLULOSE BIOREFINERY
3
FUELSENERGY
Lignocellulosewaste SUGARS
Thermal decomposition
Bioproduction
ProcessingLIGNIN Aromaticcompounds
Energy
Pre‐treatment
BIOCHEMICALSBIOMATERIAL
CELLULOSEHEMICELLULOSE
non‐BIOTECHPRODUCTS
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HIGH VALUE MATERIALS OR CHEMICALS
EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION AREA :MEDICIN SURGICAL MESH POLYMER: polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)
PRODUCTS
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Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011, 22:758‐767
PTT
HA
PLA
red: dicarboxylic acidsyellow: diaminesblue: alkenes, dienespurple: carboxylic acidsgreen: diols
PHA´s
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Waste biomass, examples Sludge from wastewater treatment Organic Municipal Solid Waste Fishery waste
o e.g. shells from crustaceans Sugar industry waste
o Bagasse/molasses Forestry residues
o wood from forest managemento waste streams from pulp and paper industry
Agricultural wasteo straws, husks, cobs
Animal farmingo e.g. whey from production
of diary products Clothes recycling Citrus peels Chicken feathers and more…..
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PROBLEM: presence of different sugars
Time(min)
Enzymaticsaccharification
Glucose(mg/g DS)
Xylose(mg/g DS)
Arabinose(mg/g DS)
Galactose(mg/g DS)
Total(mg/g DS)
After 313 ± 8 198 ± 11 25 ± 3 18 ± 3 555 ± 25
Saha B., Iten L., Cotta M., Wu V. (2005) Dilute acid pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of wheat straw to ethanol. Process Biochem, 40, 3693‐3700. Yields from dilute acid pretreatment at 140°C and enzymatic saccharification of wheat straw (7.83%, w/v DS)
CELL TYPE 2: sequential growth: glucose>arabinose>xylose
CELL TYPE 1: cannot grow on 5‐carbons
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• Optimal use of the raw material (waste biomass)• Production of monomers for later polymerisation• Production of polymers with a range of different qualities
BIOREFINERY TASK
Unmodified cell Designed cell
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REMOVAL OF PHARMACEUTICALS FROM WASTE WATER
SERVICES
Future: consortium for participation in the Baltic see project (EU)
Käppalaverket
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TECHNIQUES• Activated carbon• Ozonation• Biofilters
P
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PP
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• Capture of pharmaceuticals (API´s) oncells with designed surfaces
• Cells are grown to high densityin biofilters
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