diversion systems in the wdb and nhd march, 2012 source: getty images karen hanson, u.s. geological...
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Diversion Systems in theWDB and NHD March, 2012
Source: Getty Images
Karen Hanson, U.S. Geological SurveyKristiana Elite, U.S. Geological SurveyKeith Larson, U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service
Overview
Diversions in NHD
Modification field changes to WBD
Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project
NHD/WBD Diversion comparison
Central Arizona Project-pilot
Acquiring diversion data
Overview
Diversions in NHD
Modification field changes to WBD
Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project
Central Arizona Project-pilot
Acquiring diversion data
Overview
Diversions in NHD
Modification field changes to WBD
Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project
Central Arizona Project-pilot
Acquiring diversion data
Overview
Diversions in NHD
Modification field changes to WBD
Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project
Central Arizona Project-pilot• WBD vs. NHD diversion comparison
Acquiring diversion data
Overview
Diversions in NHD
Modification field changes to WBD
Purpose of NHD/WBD diversions project
Central Arizona Project-pilot
Acquiring diversion data
What is a Diversion?
• Engineered structure
Withdrawal conveyance
Receiving
dam canal, pipeline
reservoir, treatment plant
• Water rights
Wind River Diversion Dam. Source: Wikipedia
Composition of a Diversion
CanalsUnderground PipelinesDams
Water Treatment Plants
ReservoirsPumping Station
NHD
Points, Lines, and Polygons
CanalsUnderground PipelinesDams
Water Treatment Plants
ReservoirsPumping Station
NHD
Conveyance Features: Pipelines
Source: Getty Images
• Underground• Underwater• Elevated• At or near surface
• Aqueduct• Siphon• Penstock
NHD
Withdrawing / Receiving Points
Withdrawals
Colorado River
Colorado RiverAqueduct
Central Arizona Project Aqueduct
(CAP)
Withdrawals
Parker Dam
NHD
Trans - Basin Diversions 4-digit (Subregion) 2-digit (Region)
8-digit (Subbasin)
WBD
Modification Field - Change
Reasons to change the way WBD Modifications were reported:
• Lines and polygon modifications both were carried on the polygon label. Line modifications should be on the lines!
• 27 options were available on poly….now 15 line, and 16 poly
• Many of the items reported were in duplication with what NHD carries
• Interpretation of Modification fields were inconsistent across the nation
• Redundant to track at both the 10- and 12-digit hydrologic unit
WBD
Modification Field Options – Version 1.0 StandardsWBD POLYGON MODIFICATION OPTIONS
AD AqueductBC Barge Canal or Navigation CanalCD Channel Diversion
DD Drainage DitchDM Dam at OutletGC General Canal/DitchGF Ground-Water Flow GL GlacierID Irrigation DitchIF Ice FieldIT Interbasin Transfer KA Karst LA LavaMA Mining Activity
NC Noncontributing AreaNM No ModificationsOC Overflow Channel or FlumeOF Overbank FlowOT OtherPD Pipe DiversionPS Pumping StationRS Reservoir
SC Stormwater Canal or Drainage CanalSD Stormwater DitchSI SiphonTF Transportation FeatureUA Urban Area
Modification Field Options – V 3.0 StandardsWBDLINE MODIFICATION OPTIONS
AW Artificial WaterwayDM Dam at OutletLA LavaLE LeveeMA Mining ActivityNM No ModificationsOC Overflow Channel or FlumeOF Overbank FlowPD Pipe DiversionPL PlayaPS Pumping StationSI SiphonSL ShorelineTF Transportation FeatureUA Urban Area
POLYGON MODIFICATION OPTIONS
AW Artificial WaterwayGF Groundwater FlowGL GlacierIF Ice FieldKA KarstLA Lava FieldMA Mining ActivityNC Noncontributing AreaNM No ModificationsOC Overflow Channel or FlumeOF Overbank FlowPD Pipe Diversion
RC ReceivingRS Reservoir PlayaUA Urban Area
WD Withdrawal
* WBD will carry a new flow table providing linkage between the RC Receiving and WD Withdrawal
RC Receiving
A hydrologic unit that receives diverted water
WD Withdrawal
A hydrologic unitfrom which water is diverted
Modifications Applied-BeforeWBD
Modifications Applied-AfterWBD
AW,UA
NM
AW,UA
UA
AW
LE
TF
LE
AW,UA
AW,UA
TF
LE
UA
UA
UA
LE
Purpose
• Provide the nation a single and comprehensive understanding of how water is diverted in the U.S.
• Exploit already available knowledge in the WBD and NHD, but more fully develop and populate the structure that we have, and acquire the information that is still needed
• Delivery-A Web Service that offers the public easy access, and a more sophisticated system for the scientist
• A user can select on a “Receiving” or “Withdrawing” hydrologic unit and navigate up or downstream and see the connectivity, and relationship to the NHD
• Goal to implement this nationwide
Central Arizona Project (CAP)
Phoenix Tucson
Colorado River
Central Arizona Project Aqueduct
336 miles 1.5 milllion acre/ft a year
Two Complementary ApproachesNHD WBD
Phoenix
Tucson
Colorado River
Two Complementary ApproachesNHD WBD
Conveyance Location
• Path and geometry of diversion
Phoenix
Tucson
Colorado River
Two Complementary ApproachesNHD WBD
Conveyance Location
• Path of diversion• Points of withdrawal / receiving
Phoenix
Tucson
Colorado River
Two Complementary ApproachesNHD
Conveyance Location
• Path of diversion• Points of withdrawal / receiving
WBD
Hydrologic Unit
Phoenix
Tucson
Colorado River
Two Complementary ApproachesNHD
Conveyance Location
• Path of diversion• Points of withdrawal / receiving
WBD
Hydrologic Unit
• Withdrawal / receiving units (flow table)
Phoenix
Tucson
Colorado River
Phoenix
Tucson
Colorado River
Two Complementary ApproachesNHD
Conveyance Location
• Path of diversion• Points of withdrawal / receiving
WBD
WD
RC
Hydrologic Unit
• Withdrawal / receiving units (flow table)• Modification fields
NHD WBD
Inter-Basin Transfer Flow Table
Inter-Basin Transfer Flow Table
Inter-Basin Transfer Flow Table
Inter-Basin Transfer Flow Table
Inter-Basin Transfer Flow Table
Inter-Basin Transfer Flow Table
CAP Overview
1 WD (at Colorado River)
Many RC (along CAP Canal)
WBD Coding Overview
Coding in WBD has been simplified, and is also more
useful in understanding where water is going
First option for collection of data = CAP (actual entity)
Data provided from CAP => turnouts, recharge facilities, flumes, and much more
Secondary option is the water consumers (i.e. municipalities, tribes, irrigation districts)
Data Collection
CAP Receiving can be categorized into 4 types of
water use
CAP Turnouts
Turnouts are most useful in determining RC from CAP
Agriculture
Municipal
Recharge
Tribal
Imagery – The third option
Imagery – The third option
Diversions in NHD / WBD are Important!
Colorado River
Photo courtesy of Jonathan Waterman
Contact Information:Karen Hanson: [email protected]
Kristiana Elite: [email protected]
Keith Larson: [email protected]
Thank You