DIYTP 2009

Network Basics

How do computers communicate? Network Interface Card (NIC) Media Access Control Address (MAC)

Unique to each NIC Example: 08:00:69:02:01:FC

Internet Protocol Address (IP) Identifier for a device on a network

Domain Name Service (DNS) Translates Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

to specific IP address

Network Basics – How the Internet Works

Warriors of the Net

Network Basics – Devices

Hub Simplest and ‘dumbest’. Sends packets

to all connections. Switch

An ‘intelligent’ hub. Only sends packets to the port where it is supposed to go.

Router Most sophisticated. Can be controlled in

how it relays packets.

Network Basics - Protocols Protocol

Agreed upon method of communication. Many types that computers and

networks use: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP) Connection-oriented Used for data that needs to get there

Network Basics - Protocols

Figure 1.0 – TCP/IP 3-way handshake

Network Basics – Protocols

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Connection-less Used when some data can be lost

Figure 1.1 – TCP vs. UDP

Network Basics – OSI Model

Figure 1.3 – OSI model

Network Basics - Utilities IPConfig

Information about your Windows-based connection

Ping Sends test packet to see if another

machine is reachable Tracert

‘Ping’ + route and time to get to destination