~ ..,Dn

OKINA WA-BASED B-29 is shown dropping fO:Jd and supplies to internees of the Pootunginternment camp on the bank of the Wangpoo River in the city of Shanghai on September 6,1945. U.S. Army photo.

2 EX-CBI ROUNDUP

SECOND CLASS MAIL PRIVILEGES AUTHORIZED at thePost Office at Laurens, Iowa, under act of March 3. 1879.

----CONTRIBUTING STAFF----Clarence R. Gordon .__ __ Associate EditorJohn Felts Photo Editor

R. Ray Jones• Enclosed is a clippingtelling of the loss of a greatCBIer, R. Ray Jones, 56,widely known Youngstown,Ohio, pharmacist who diedFebruary 25 of a coronaryocclusion at his home. Rayand his father owned andoperated Jones Drug Storesin Youngstown. A graduateof the University of Pitts-burgh, he joined the Armywith a captain's commis-sion in 1942 and served inthe CEl theater with the13th Medical Bat t a I ionwhich gave medical sup-POIt to the Chinese duringthe Burma campaign. Heleft the service as a major,after being awarded threebattle stars. Twenty yearsago he married the formerRita Ann Hartman, and shedied Jan. 1, 1961. His par.ents and two children sur-vive.

ETHEL G. YAVORSKY,Poland, Ohio

April, 1963

_________Editor

Laurens, Iowa

SUBSCRIPTION RATEForeign: $4.00 per Year

$7.00 Two Years

letter FROM The Editor

Vol. 17, NO.4

P. O. Box 125

Neil L. Maurer __

Please Report Change of Address Immediately!Direct All Correspondence to

Ex-CBt Roundup

$3.00 per Year$5.50 Two Years

Ex-CBI ROUNDUP, established 1946, is a reminiscing- magazinepublished monthly except AUGUST and SEPTEMBER at 117South Third Street, Laurens, Iowa. by and for former membersof U. S.. Units stationed in the China-Burma-India Theater dur-ing World War II. Ex-CBI Roundup is the official publicationof the China-Burma-India Veterans Association.

• A picture of Mt. Everest which appears in thisissue is of timely interest in view of the fact that anAmerican expedition is attempting the most ambitiousmountaineering project ever devised. This is the scal-ing of Mt. Everest (29,028 feet), Mt. Lhotse (27,890 feet,the world's fourth highest peak) and Mt. Nuptse(25,850 feet). The three peaks are joined by precipitousridges. Air Force men who flew the Hump may recallthat the famed Lhotse-Nuptse ridge is the world'shighest natural wall-a dizzy screen on Everest'ssouth side that almost obscures the world's highestsummit. All three of the peaks have been conquered,but this is the first time anyone has tried to do allthree in one expedition.

• An idea of the size of the mountain-climbingundertaking may be obtained from the fact that almost25 tons of essential paraphernalia will be taken along,much of it scientific apparatus for various types ofresearch. The expedition will employ 800 porters, plussome 50 Sherpa guides.

• This month's cover is a study of Chinese faces, oldand young, through the back curtain of a jeep. Photoby Sidney R. Rose.

• Speaking of covers, we are pleased at the responseto our request for information about the picture usedon the front of our February issue. You'll find the com.plete story elsewhere in this month's Roundup.

SHOWER bath in Calcutta ...one Indian cooperates by han.dling the spray as the otherbathes. Photo by Fred T. Evans.

APRIL, 1963 3

To The Editors _

NATIVES repairing narrow.gauge railway equipment nearTe7pur, India, in 1945. Photo by Raymond E. Younghans.

Miami Valley Basha• The Mia m i Vall e yBasha met in Dayton, Ohio,Saturday evening, February16, at the home of Howardand Louise Clager. The eve-ning was planned as aTYOB party; with businesssession, colored slides, andrefreshments. Co. hosts wereMary and Jim McCabe.Plans for hosting the OhioDepartment meeting onApril 27 were discussed.The bash a will be theguests of Com man d e rWayne Dooley and Jeanfor a St. Patrick's party onMarch 17. We hoped for100% attendance, but didnot reach this. We werehappy to welcome StateSenator and Mrs. CharlesWhalen to their first meet.ing. As the usual partyinggot underway and the rec-ollections began to unfold,it was revealed two of ourmembers returned fromIndia on the same plane-each not knowing the other.Past Nat'l Commander EllieGreen and Sahib Whalen,nearly 20 years later, chat.ting in "Dayton, made thisdiscovery. Also, nurse Pau.line Hughes, our adjutantand finance officer andCharles were both at Ledoand shared various "re.member the time".s. Ittruly is a small world.

HOWARD CLAGER,Dayton, Ohio

FLOYD D. PARK,Dinuba, Calif.

John L. Schaefer• Mrs. Schaefer called mefrom Whittier, Calif., sometime ago to tell me of thedeath of her husband, JohnL. Schaefer, of a heart at-tack last December. He hadbeen with the BrunswiggWholesale Drug Co. beforeand since the war. Heserved with the 44th Serv-ice Group, 497th ServiceSquadron, Mobile Unit No.1, as a staff sergeant. Heis survived by his wife, adaughter and two smallsons.

Twentieth Anniversary• March was the 20th an.niversary of our leaving theStates. We left Los Angelesthe last day of March, 1943,on the Hermitage. I wouldlike to hear as to thewhereabouts and doings ofmy commanders.

ANTHONY V. NOTO,Brooklyn, N. Y.

GARAGE at motor pool beside airiield at Kunming, China,after direct hit by Japanese bomb in September 1943. Photoby Sidney R. Rose.

Austin B. Penney• With regret I enclose anewspaper clipping con.cerning the death of an ex.CBI man, Austin B. Penney,56, of Lubbock. His deathoccurred February 28 afterhe had been ill of a malig.nancy for more than a year.A graduate of OklahomaState University, he wasemployed by the Carter OilCo. from 1927 to 1933 andthen by the Standard OilCo. in Java from 1934 to1940. During World War IIhe was a captain in theU. S. Army Corps of Engi.neers, and according to thenewspaper clipping wassupervisor over constructionof the Calcutta.to.Kunmingpipeline. He is survived byhis wife, his mother, abrother and two sisters. Iknew Captain Penney, butdid not know of his connec.tion with the constructionof the pipeline to China.

RAY CHAPMAN,Lubbock, Texas

4 EX.CBI ROUNDUP

--------------------- To The EditorsDelaware Valley Basha• January dinner meetingof the Delaware ValleyBasha was held at AldenPark Manor, and in spiteof the deep snow, attend-ance was good. A. DellaPorta, Esq., assistant D.A.,spoke on "Narcotics" andMichael Mazer, recently re-turned from India as agri-cultural consultant for theFord Foundation, showedexcellent slides of thecolorful area. The Februarydinner meeting was held atthe Naval Officers Club.Our national senior vicecommander, Hal Reinholt,has done it again. As Halwas hurrying to the diningroom he was stopped by Lt.Col. Jim Haden who in-quired about the familiarCBI patch on his cap, andafter a brief explanationColonel Haden acceptedHal's invitation to join usthat evening. It was a caseof the eligible colonelwanting to join on the spot,but since he was fromBrooklyn, he was referredto the New York Basha.Ninety-five miles is a little

distant to travel to meet-ings, even though we hadthe pleasure of havingMajor Jane Holstein fromCamp Hill, Pa., which is102 miles away. A fewmonths ago CommanderCordelia Shute was inter-viewed on Station WPEN,Philadelphia, Pa., alongwith various celebritiesthrough the efforts of ourown Phil Heller and TedReinhart (also a DVBCBler) who is producer ofthe show. It was an unre-hearsed program hosted byRed Benson. The interviewproved to be varied and in.formative with questionsranging from the meaningof the word, basha, to CBItheater strategy to the cur-rent situation in India. Itwas definitely a uniqueopportunity to stress thepurpose and modus oper-andi of the CBIVA to alarge audience. The halfhour resulted in favorablecom men t s from bothfriends and strangers inthe studio and audience.

CORDELIA SHUTE,Philadelphia, Pa.

Greater New York• The Greater New YorkBasha is planning a din.ner-dance at the 7th Regi-ment Armory, Manhattan,on Saturday, May 11. Wewould be happy to welcomeany CBIVA members fromthe area, or who might bevisiting New York at thattime.

ELIZABETH GUSSAK,Brooklyn, N. Y.

William Harlon Coryell• One of four Slick Air-ways employees trappedand burned to death in aSlick Super Constellationcargo plane which caughtfire after a crash landingat foggy San Francisco air-port early in February wasWilliam Harlon Coryell Jr.,48, of Burbank, Calif., whohad been a pilot since 1938.He served with the ArmyAir Force in CBI duringWorld War II and receivedan Air Medal. He joinedSlick in 1947. Coryell is sur.vived by his wife and twochildren.

A. A. KRUGER,Los Angeles, Calif.

SHIPS ON THE C.B.1. RUN . . . No. 16 in a Series

The troop transport, U.S.S. Gen. Hugh L. Scott, shown here at Hongkew Wharf, on theWhangpoo River at Shanghai, China, was built in 1943 at the Kaiser Shipyards, Richmond,Calif., as a cargo ship. In March 1944, the ship was converted into a troop transport by theMatson Navigation Co. of San Francisco. This was a 17,150-ton vessel with maximum pas-senger capacity of 3,475 and crew of 463. Photo by Henry A. Piorkowski.

APRIL, 1963 5

Milwaukee to Welcome CBI Veterans

The City of (jemuetleehkeitMilwaukee-"B eel' Cap ita I of the

World" and renowned the world over asthe city of gemuetlechkeit-will extendits lengthy arm of welcome to the China-Burma-India Veterans Association comelate July when sessions of the 16th an.nual family reunion are convened in theBadger state:

Specifically, the dates are July 31 thruAug. 3-and the convention site, theHotel Schroeder.

Twice in the past CBI veterans haveconvened in Milwaukee. The initial timewas to help found the CBIVA in 1948-the last time, on its fifth anniversary,in 1953. As its founding home, Milwaukeeis also the site of its national head.quarters in the beautiful War MemorialCenter located on the shores of LakeMichigan.

Robert W. Doucette, past national com.mander and 1963 reunion chairman, hashad his crew of convention elves busilyarranging a 15th anniversary fete thatwill be talked of in years ahead.

Already on the planning board-andconfirmed-are these reunion events:

MILWAUKEE'S city hall' will again extendin lights its official welcome to CEI Veteransas it did twice before, in 1948, and again in1953.

6

CIVIC CENTER is graced by many structuresincluding the Auditorium-Arena pictured above.A new state office and a new museum arenearing completion in the same area.

Dedication of a plaque marking thefounding place of CBIVA ... a past com.mandel's luncheon at the Schlitz CountryClub a spanferkel lunch in Croatianpark a colorful Puja night parade ...a dinner at the Allen-Bradley Co. withentertainment by their nationally-knownorchestra and band ... a pre-Puja ballbuffet ... the annual commanders ban.quet and ball ... memorial services ad-jacent to the reflecting pool in the court-yard of the War Memorial Center . . .these are but a sampling of what awaitsreunionists. And more is yet to be an-nounced.

The Schroeder hotel has given specialrates for the reunion and these includerooms with bath, tv and with or with.out air conditioning. Parking is free.

Early birds can already file roomreserva tions by mailing them to CBIVA,P.O. Box 1848, Milwaukee 1, Wis. Theyshould indicate day and time of arrivalas well as date of departure.

Downtown Milwaukee will offer a vividchange when compared to 1953. The oldgal has had her face cleaned; new land-mark structures erected including theMarine Plaza, a new state departmentoffice, a ne,,! museum structure and acomplete newly-erected zoological gar.den.

During the months ahead the conven.tion committee will disclose other re-union features and reveal planned pre-convention trips. One of these is a pro.posed trip to the famous Wisconsin Dells-another a ball game with the Milwau.kee Braves and Cincinnati Reds.

Hospitality houses will again aboundon the Schroeder's fifth floor.

EX-CBI ROUNDUP

PRE - CENSORED

ONE DOWN AT AKYAB -A JAP BOMBER: right,JAP BAMBOO ARTILLERYFOUND ON AKYAB.(Sgt- Cas tro)

PRODUCED BY PHOTO LAB SECTIONEDITED BY INFORMATION a EDUCATION OFFICE

7th PHOTO TECH SQUADRON-APO 465

7 MARCH 1945

FIRST OF A SERIES of picture layouts by the 7th Photo Tech. Sq. to be presented in Ex.CBIRoundup is this "Issue No. I" dated March 7, 1945. The Ground Glass was a voluntary effortto give members of the squadron mementoes of their tour of duty. These layouts usedthrough courtesy of Gordon Smock and Wm. S. Johnson.

APRIL, 1963 7

Nehru Sitting on a Powder Keg

Sees Non-Violence Ideals FadingThis article was writ/ell recelltly at New

Delhi, India, by the publisher of an Iowadaily newspaper, the Davenport Democrat,while on an around4he-world study missionwith a newspaper group. Like the ChiangKai.shek interview by the same authorwhich appeared in the March issue of Ex-CBlRoundup, it was distributed by the [owaDaily Press Ajsociatioll.

By HENRY B. HOOKYou'd never guess by the easy manner

in which Prime Minister Nehru of Indiafaced me in a 40-minute interview thathe's sitting on one of the world's hottestpowder kegs.

The plain 73-year old man of shortstature looked somewhat out of placein his imposing, high ceilinged office ashe answered questions put to him bythe 12 members of our American News-paper Study Mission. .

He could turn on an occasional smile,but the seriousness of the China-Indiaborder conflict is marked in his expres-sion. Now that China allegedly has "thebomb," the Pundit is forsaking his peace.ful ways and is alerting his countrymento a war footing.

The soft spoken "voice" of 445,000,000Indians has always carried a soft stick,but his ideals of non-violence throughthe years, in concert with MahatmaGhandi, are fading. He warns that Indiamust be prepared to face any eventualitybecause "the Chinese can no longer betrusted."

When we brought up his previouspolicy of neutrality, Nehru was quick tosay it was non. alignment rather than be.ing neutral. "It meant," he said, "Indiawas not joining with military blocs. Ourbackground is non. aggressive, and wedidn't want to be automatically drawninto wars with military alliances.

"We felt we could serve the cause ofworld peace better by being non. aligned.You took the same position in the earlydays of the U.S.A. to stay out of thetroubles in Europe."

The prime minister stressed that thisnon. alignment policy had been useful toIndia and other countries inasmuch asIndia had frequently been called on tochair commissions in settling world dis-putes under the UN.

How could a "peaceful" country likeIndia march in and gobble up little Goa?was my next question.

"The independence of India was notcomplete as long as the French andPortuguese were in Goa," Nehru replied.

8

"The French argued and talked for years,and finally pulled out by agreement. Butthe Portuguese took the position thatthey had papal rites to Goa, dating backto the 16th century, and they wouldn'teven discuss the matter. It wasn't equit-able that only the British and Frenchshould give up territory for our indepen-dence. We couldn't convince the Portu-guese, so we finally had to step in andtake it."

Nehru smiled as he referred to "somesort of papal authority which the Portu-guese could never prove."

We had seen the deposed defenseminister, Krishna Menon, stroll throughour hotel a few hours earlier, and weasked the Pundit about this man ofdubious leftish leanings.

"He's completely out of the govern.ment." Nehru assured us. "He has a fewcommittee assignments in Parliament,but he has no administrative responsibil-ity whatsoever."

And that's all Mr. Nehru, so.calledfriend of Menon, would say on that sub.ject. On the previous day our ambassa.dor, John Galbraith, had told us thatKrishna Menon was not a dead horseyet ... that he was d~wn to the countof eight ... but that Nehru had notcompletely turned his back on him.

Our group had just finished a 10-daytour of Pakistan, whose people are bitteragainst Nehru because of his continuedhold on Kashmir. The Moslems of Paki.stan insist that the Moslem majority ofneighboring Kashmir would join Pakistanat once if given a chance to vote in theUN-arranged plebiscite which Nehru sofar has refused to call.

Here the prime minister smokes thepeace pipe again. "India and Pakistanand Kashmir are really all one people,"he says, "and we can ill.afford to frag-ment our country into religious states.We can't possibly have homelands in ourcountry for Moslems, Hindus, Sikhs,Christians, etc."

(There are between 11 and 12 millionChristians in India, according to Nehru.)

By yielding Kashmir (which Pakistanobviously wants as a source of mountain.fed waters more than on religiousgrounds) to Pakistan, the prime ministersuggested that it would give substanceto separating religious ideologies. "Whatabout the 45 million Moslems in India?"asked our host. "They want no part ofmoving to Pakistan."

There is an autonomous government inKashmir, the PM reminded us, "and

EX-CBl ROUNDUP

-----------------,Sees Non.ViolenceIdealsFadingIndia can't do anything about the situa.tion without the approval of the Kashmirgovernment." If this should be inter.preted as passing the buck, so be it.

Nehru wasn't exactly complimentaryabout the agitation of Pakistani Moslemsin the disputed Kashmir matter. He madeseveral references to their unorthodoxand undiplomatic methods, including in.vasions on the Kashmir border.

The Pakistanis were equally uncom-plimentary about Jawaharlal Nehruwhile we visited chiefs of state inKarachi, Rawalpindi, Pesharwa andLehore.

The Kashmir dispute is one of morals,politics, economics, religion, pride andstubbornness. In America we would say"It's bigger than both of us," and Nehru,sly old fox that he is, knows it.

"We had many severe trials in theearly years of independence after 1947,"

says the prime minister. "We are nowpretty well stabilized after a settling-down process of 12 years, and we areafraid to raise the religious issue allover again."

Yet Nehru agrees, on questioning byour group, that the Kashmir dispute mustbe settled. "Avoidance of the settlement,"he says, "only gives rise to bigger prob-lems."

One cannot escape the conclusion thatNehru clings to a thin thread of hopethat Kashmir-and Pakistan-will oneday be back in the "one world" of India.

It won't happen tomorrow-nor prob-ably in Nehru's life-time. The decision,in this correspondent's opinion, will notbe forged by either India or Pakistan orKashmir.

It will come about eventually in adesperate stand of unity against theneighboring goliath which covets themall-Communist China. -THE END

Mournful Numbers Plague Rickshaw MenFrom the Statesmall

Rickshaw-pullers in Chandigarh will,it appears, be entitled to charge 25 nPabove the fare for finding the way to aparticular house; and the circumstancessuggest that they will have earned it.House numbering there seems, indeed,even odder than elsewhere. An examplecited was "9F/3CI7B" which, being in-terpreted, apparently means: "The ninthtype of house designed by Mr. MaxwellFry, being number three in C Street ofthe B Segment of Sector 7". This putseven New Alipore or the New Delhi De-fence Colony in the shade, which is say-ing a good deal. Yet spokesmen of allthree modern developments would prob-ably argue that their numbering systemis rational (whatever that may mean)as contrasted with the more ancient,based on the break-up of the joint-familysystem. In Calcutta, for instance, an un-divided estate would be No. X in BlankStreet. On first division, the plots wouldbe X/l etc. not necessarily all facingBlank Street. On second and third, theywould be numbered in still more incom-prehensible algebra, and found, if foundat all, almost anywhere. Among otherswho found this odd was RabindranathTagore, who (after a dispiriting experi.ence in Cornwallis Street, Calcutta) wroteto the Press suggesting that a noticeshould appear on each block of housesto indicate what numbers were containedwithin it.

APRIL, 1963

Such indication, even in his home cityand under such auspices, has only spo-radically occurred. Meanwhile Chandi-garh's rickshaw-pullers, and prima faciegood luck to them, are' cashing in. Butwhat now? Are postal peons to be "gra-tified" for a not less arduous, indeedmore regular, search? Must either proc.ess-servers obtain enhanced fees for deli-vering, or justice be further delayed be-cause they cannot deliver, summonsesand other legal paper? Admittedly taxi-drivers, at least in some cities, can prob.ably be disregarded: since they seldomknow the way anywhere, they can hard-ly claim extra emolument for achievingan accidental arrival at a part of ad-mitted ignorance. Yet, even so, anotherdifficulty arises. What if the house hasno displayed number at all? In Africathis seems to occur even in theory: mailmust be addressed to a postbox; driversare directed, for example, to "the housetwo down from Mr. Krobo Edusei'slatest."

In India numbers usually exist in themajor cities, and are at least by theCensus staff decennially recorded on thepremises in chalk; both in 1951 and in1961 we urged that the householder,under adequate penalty, should beobliged to make such record obvious andpermanent. Nothing having resulted, theoptimist, but perhaps only he, will con.clude that this project has been deferredtill the Fifth Plan-May 23. -THE END

9

The Diaries of General Stilwell

CBI Hero Blasts Chiang, F.D.R.

:::

The Burma front was collapsing underJapanese pressure. Later, Stilwell was to

From The Philadelphia Inquirer

By SEYMOUR KORNIAN

GENERAL JOSEPH W. STILWELL, ofSecond World War fame, was one of theangriest soldiers in United States mili-tary history-and he left 19 diairies toprove it. "Vinegar Joe"-he was quiteaware of his nickname-filled the diarieswith sulphurous observations on menand events around him during the years1942 to 1944, when he was Americancommander in the China.Burma-IndiaTheater and chief of staff to Generalis-simo Chiang Kai-shek.

Before he left for China, he foundPresident Roosevelt "not too impressive"-he had worse things to say about FDRlater on. Harry Hopkins, Roosevelt's mostintimate adviser, was "a queer gnome"to Vinegar Joe. His fiercest language,however, was reserved felr Chiang Kai.shek, whom he had been sent to help,and who, in 1944, played the major rolein persuading Mr. Roosevelt to recall Stil.well. Chiang was "the peanut," when notsomething nastier.

The Stilwell diaries now are in thefamous Hoover Institution on War,Revolution and Peace on the campus ofStanford University here. Stilwell died in1946, and the diaries were given to theinstitution by his widow, Winifred.

A major general in California whenwar came, Stilwell was quickly orderedto Washington, then given the CBITheater and the staff job with ChiangKai.shek.

Vinegar Joe landed in New Delhi,India, on Feb. 25, and took only 24 hoursto form an opinion of one British generalthere-one which is not clear. "This Brit.ish general is a monocled ass. At lunch,he said, 'One does enjoy a cawktail ...it's so seldom one gets a chawnce'."

He flew the Hump (the HimalayaMountains) to China and Chiang.

March 6-"C. K. S. (Chiang Kai.shek)anxious about British control and inter.ference ... Told him we were his gangand would do what he said." Withindays, Vinegar Joe apparently clashedwith Gen. Alexander over commandauthority and responsibility.

March 14-"Alexander is a snooty-.He just looked blankly at me, as if to saythe bloody - is getting impudent."

r

:1::;:*

lead a polyglot crew of Americans,British and Chhese out of Burma tosafety in India. It was a retreat made onfoot through jungles and over mountains.But before it began, Vinegar Joe hadmade his appraisal of Chiang andChiang's army.

March 21-"What a commentary on theChinese general staff-no preparations,no concern, they just sit and let me goto it. Through stupidity, fear and (a ldefense attitude, they lost grand chanceto slap the Japs back at Toungoo(Burma). The basic reason is C.K.S. med.dling.

"Madamissima (Mme. Chiang Kai.shekl is a clever, brainy woman. Sees theWestern viewpoint. Direct, forceful, ener.getic, loves power. Eats up publicity andflattery. C.K.S. been boss so long, somany yes men, he has idea he infallibleon any subject ... It is patently iI:lpos,sible for me to compete with the swarmof parasites and sycophants that sur.rounds him."

April l-"April Fool's Day. Visited byWendell Willkie, unsuccessful Republi.can candidate for the Presidency in 1940.Am I the April Fool? .from March 19 toApril 1 in Burma, struggling with theChinese, the British, my own people, thesupply, medical service, etc. Incidentally,with the Japs."

He came out of Burma with hisstrangely mixed group of survivors whomhe scolded and scorned through thatdesperate overland retreat without losinga man.

May lO-"Reasons for our defeat inBurma-Jap initiative, our inferior equip.ment and inadequate transport, stupidand gutless command, interference byC.K.S., British mess on the railroad,British defeatist attitude ... C.K.S. dou.ble-crossed me at every turn, the --!"

July l-"Madame (Chiang Kai-sheklto States soon. Says will get me made afull general. - - . They want a stooge."

On March 4, 1943, Stilwell had nastywords about other things in China: "TheChinese Red Cross is a racket. Stealingand sale of medicine is rampant ...Higher-ups in army steal soldiers' food."

Mme. Chiang Kai.shek visited Wash.ington in May and June of 1943, andStilwell made note of it: "The Madameput it over FDR like a tent." But thatfall'of 1943, he spoke kindly about Mme.Chiang, possibly because it gave him an

***

10 EX-CBI ROUNDUP

-----------------,CBI HeroBlastsChiang.F.D.R.

opportunity for a new blast at her hus-band.

Sept. 28-"Mae (a designation for Mme.Chiang) lets it out she has a hell of alife with the peanut. No one else willtell him the truth, so she is constantlyat him with disagreeable news."

O~t. 16-"Informed that C. K. S. insistsI be relieved. that I have lost confidenceof troops. The little -- wants me out.FDTI has asked Marshall (Gen. GeorgeC. :l'.1arshall, U.S. Chief of Staff) to relieveme. Here goes 20 months of struggle. Theold double-cross,"

;I: :~ :;:

C11iang's fury, as Stilwell implied inother entries, was caused by VinegarJoe's profane and uncompromising de-mands that both the Chinese and theBritish get on with the war. Chiang andStilwell reached a brief recondliationlater in October, but were angry all over

again by the time of the Cairo conferencebetween Roosevelt, Prime Minister Win-ston Churchill, and Chiang Kai-shek inlate November, 1943.

Nov. 22-(at Cairo) "FDR calls me 'Joe.'The double.crossing ---. FDR is calledCharley McCarthy, and Churchill isBergen." (Edgar Bergen is a ventriloquist,and Charlie McCarthy his wise.crackingdummy.)

Stilwell was not relieved, however, andearly in 1944 Chinese, British and Amer-ican troops launched a campaign inNorth Burma. Vinegar Joe, himself, wasin the jungles from January to July, 1944,and usually at the front lines with hisChinese troops, which his critics viewedas an unsuitable place for a three-stargeneral commanding a war theater.

Stilwell was notified Oct. 19, 1944, hewas being "recalled" from command.Three days later he left China.

VIEW of Mt. Everest, looking in a northerly direction from a B-29 flying at 26,000 feet. Whatappears to be a cloud at the top of the mountain is called the Plume of Mt. Everest. It iscaused by high winds at this altitude, and is probably a vapor trail mixed with snow blownoff the peak. Photo by Vern Bredow.

APRIL,1963 11

Hong Kong Uneasy About Peking

Problem of Spies and RefugeesFrom "he Minneapolis Star

By ROBERT HEWETT

HONG KONG-Worried British officialsin this little colony are making strongerefforts to crack down on NationalistChinese agents using Hong Kong as abase for spy. and sabotage operationsagainst neighboring Red China.

Much to the embarrassment of the Brit-ish, at least six Chinese officers of thecolonial police force here have beenarrested in the last month on charges ofbeing secret operatives for Chiang Kai-shek's government.

The policemen and about 35 pro-Chiang civilians, seized after the dis-covery of two caches of arms and explo-sives in Hong Kong slum apartments, arebelieved to have been quietly deported toTaiwan.

Britian's basic policy for prosperousHong Kong is to do everything possibleto avoid irritating Peking's touchy Com.munist rulers. The colony lives under aconstant shadow of concern as towhether the Communist regime, sooneror later, will move to take it over.

In recent weeks Red China has dis-played signs of a new campaign of har-assment. The Communist pressure rangesfrom charges that Hong Kong is a"training base" for Chiang's saboteurs toa misty claim that a section of Kowlooncity's slums still belongs to China.

Nervousness concerning Red Chineseintentions has grown here since Peking'sattack on India last fall over borderclaims. And uncertainty about Peking reoactions was deepened by Khrushchev'srecent taunt that Mao Tse-tung's regime,while attacking Moscow for being softon colonialism, tolerated the "stench" ofBritish Hong Kong and Portuguese Macaoon its very doorstep.

Hong Kong's bustling industry andthriving tourist trade have made thisBritish colony a showplace of privateenterprise, run mainly by anti-Commu-nist Chinese, right under the noses ofChina's Red rulers.

This comparative capitalistic prosperityand freedom from repression, whichmakes even the poorest Hong Kong Chi-nese better off than most of his brothersor cousins inside Red China, is embar-rassing in itself to Mao's regime.

So British officials and most Chinesehere bend over backward to keep fromgiving the Peking regime an excuse for

12

taking over what must be a temptingpiece of real estate when compared tothe general poverty and underdevelop-ment in Communist China.

The last thing most Hong Kong inhabi-tants want is for Mao to regard HongKong as Khrushchev does West Berlin-a "bone in the throat" of Communismwhich must be eliminated.

Khrushchev, for example, attacks WestBerlin as a base for western espionageand, until the Berlin Wall was built, asan escape door for refugees from Commu-nist rule.

And it is on these two points-spiesand refugees-that British colonial of-ficials in Hong Kong try hardest to avoidoffending the Red Chinese regime.

Officially, there are no such people asrefugees in Hong Kong-although morethan a million of the colony's present3,500,000 inhabitants have fled fromChina since the Communists took overin 1949.

The government classifies most ofthose Chinese who have flocked to HongKong from Red China as "illegal imi.grants" and frowns on the use of theword "refugee."

Only 50 Chinese dailY' are admitted ona legal basis from across the border. Allthe rest who slip secretly through thebarbed wire barricades on the landfrontier or are smuggled in by sea areclassed as illegal immigrants and, ifcaught on arrival, are promptly turnedover to the Red Chinese border guards.

There is a good economic reason forthis ostensibly tough attitude towardrefugees. This little colony, already burst-ing at its population seams, would liter-ally be swamped if unrestricted entrywould be permitted. Other countries, in-cluding the United States, limit Chineserefugee immigration to a trickle.

But another reason for the policy isthat the British do not want to give theRed Chinese regime an excuse for puttingthe squeeze on Hong Kong by branding itas a "refugee haven" for anti-Commu.nists. Thus, officially, the British are justas firmly set against refugees as is theRed Chinese regime itself.

In actual implementation of the reostrictive policy the British display a gooddeal of quiet, practical humanity.

They know they can't completely stopthe influx. As a general rule, refugeeswho make it past the British and Chineseborder guards and manage to establishthemselves with friends or relatives areallowed to stay.

EX-CBI ROUNDUP

but Hong Kong officials were ordered topostpone that part of the resettlementprogram affecting the "Walled City." NoBritish official said so publicly, but thebackdown was in line with the policy totry to avoid offending the Comunist reogime.

Nevertheless, the fact that Pekingchose to raise the old claim to part ofHong Kong colony has British officalsworried about just how far Mao's regimewill press the issue in the future.

BACK ISSUESAVAILABLE

PRICE 2Sc EACH1948 1953 19580 Sept. 0 Jan. All 100 Mar.1949 0 May

19590 Julyo Sept. 0 Sept. . , All 10o Dec. 0 Oct.0 Nov. 19600 Dec.1950

All 100 June0 Nov. 1954 1961All 12

AU1019510 Jan. 1955 19620 Mar. All 12

All 100 May0 July 19560 Sept.

All 12 19630 Nov.0 Jan.0 Feb.1952 30<:Ea.0 Mar.0 Jan.

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July)

EX-081 ROUNDUPP. O. Box125Laurens,Iowa

-----------------PrOblem ofSpiesandRefugeesFor example, last year the colonial

authorities registered 142,000 Chinesewho presented themselves without validentrance papers. Obviously these wereillegal immigrants but, if they have beenin the colony for a few weeks, the issueis not raised.

The problem of Chinese secret agents_and there are Communist operatives aswell as Nationalist Chinese loyal toChiang Kai-shek-causes the Britishcolonial government more concern.

In the last few weeks Peking's officialnewspapers and radio have charged thatHong Kong and the nearby PortugueseColony of Macao are being used as"training bases" for Nationalist Chinesespies and saboteurs.

During January the Mao regime an.nounced that a total of six such "secretagents" coming from Hong Kong hadbeen executed in Canton.

Chiang's regime has stepped up itssabotage and guerrilla raid activities onthe mainland in recent months.

Most of the agents and armed raidersundoubtedly cross by sea from Taiwan.

It is ridiculous for Peking to chargethat Hong Kong is a "training base" forChiang's agents. But unquestionablyHong Kong is used as a transit pointand Possible headquarters by National.ist agents, just as the Communists UseHong Kong and Macao for similar clan.destine purposes.

The British are concerned that thePeking charges may be a prelude toretaliation.

Such a threat was seen in Januarywhen Peking protested officially againstHong Kong government plans to demol.ish a small slum section of Kowloon,across the harbor from Hong Kongisland, to make way for a big resettle_ment housing project.

For the first time the Communistregime raised the claim that a section ofKowloon known as the "Walled City"had "always belonged to China." Theclaim is based on the 1898 agreementwhereby Britain added the mainland"New Territories" to Hong Kong Colonyunder a 99-year lease.

The 1898 lease agreement with the oldChinese imperial government containeda vaguely Worded clause that "Chineseofficials now stationed there" should con.tin ue to exercise jurisdiction in Kowloon"except so far as may be inconsistentwith the military requirement for the de.fense of Hong Kong." In 1899 the Britishgovernment _unilaterally cancelled thatportion of the agreement and no Chinese"overnment has exercised authority inKowloon since that time.

London firmly rejected Peking's claimto authority over any part of Kowloon_

\PRIL, 1963

13

Cover Picture Is Identified

Howitzers at HsamshingyangBurma, to aid the 3rd Battalion, whichwas under the command of Lt. Col.Charles E. Beach. About two weeks lateron Easter Sunday, the breakthru to the2nd Battalion occurred. The 2nd Battalionwas the gauntest, run.down soldiers thatI have ever seen. I had tears in my eyeswhen I looked at them after their rescue.

A request in the Feb1'1lary Ex-eBl Round-up for information about the excellent actionpicture used 011 ,the cover of that iSJue hasbrought ill three replies. All th,'ee of thesemen were ill a positioll to know what u'asgoing on whell 'the picture was takellthey were there. Here are the replieJ:

BY WILLIAM BOONE* :;: *

In regard to your February cover, thatis one of the two 75 MM howitzers air-dropped to the 3rd Battalion of Merrill'sMarauders (5307thl. The 3rd was tryingto rescue the 2nd Battalion on NhpumGa.

Happened to be in 1st Battalion myself,and very busy at a place called Shadazupwhen event took place.

* * *BY WILLIAM H. HENDRICKS SR.

The photo for the cover for the Februaryissue of the Ex-CBI Roundup fairly hitme between the eyes. I can tell you quitea bit about the photo as I was therewhen it happened.

It happened at Hsamshingyang on 2April 1944. The 2nd Battalion of the Mer.rill's Marauders was cut off and sur-rounded by Japanese. Gen. Merrill, whohad been evacuated due to a heart at-tack, caused to be sent in two 75-MMHowitzers. Col. Hunter, who was incharge of the Merrill's Marauders, select-ed S/Sgt. John A. Acker to assemble twocrews for the guns and to give to thema little of his knowledge acquired whilehe was with the 98th Pack Artillery inNew Guinea. The two 75-MM howitzerswere dropped about 0930 hours on 2 April,in bulky chunks dangling from doubleparachutes, onto the airstrip at Hsam-shingyang. This was roughly, about fourmiles from the surrounded 2nd Battalion.Within two hours after the howitzerswere dropped, S/Sgt. Acker had them inaction against the Japanese. The soundof our howitzers zeroing in on the Japa.nese was a huge morale booster to the2nd Battalion. You were right on onecount: it did happen in Burma.

Lt Col. McGee was the commandingofficer of the 2nd Battalion when it wascut off and surrounded by Japanese atNhpum Ga, Burma, on March 28, 1944.The 3rd Battalion tried to break thru tothem but this was impossible. The 1stBattalion under the able command of Lt.Col. Osborne, made a forced march fromthe battlefields seven miles south ofShadazup, Burma, to Hsamshingyang,

14

BY RICHARD H. POPPE3rd Battalion, Merrill's Marauders

Perhaps the following information willhelp clear up the identifying mysteryregarding your wonderful FebruaryRoundup cover.

To me, this photo has great signific.ance, it brings back memories "good andbad." of my days spent in the Burmaunderbrush as a member of Merrill'sMarauders.

The photo depicts a magnificent pol"trait of man and weapon in perfect uni-son, striving to relieve the pressurethrust upon their buddies by the enemybecause of a tactical oversight.

The action depicted in the photo con.-cerning the artillery, started on April 2nd,1944, when Merrill's Marauders saw con.siderable improvement in their unfortu-nate situation regarding the cut-off ofthe 2nd Battalion at Nhpum Ga, Burma.Subjected for several days to the harass.ing fire from enemy guns, the 2nd and3rd Battalions had keenly felt need forartillery of their own.

When General Merrill was evacuatedto Ledo, he had ordered two 75-MM how-itzers dispatched at once to the 3rd Bat.talion at Hsamshingyang. The Marau.deI'S' rear echelon outdid itself in carry.ing out his instructions with all possiblespeed. At 0930 on April 2nd, 1944, the twofield pieces, in bulky chunks danglingfrom double parachutes, dropped to theHsamshingyang air strip.

The men of the hard pressed 2nd Bat.talion at Nhpum Ga could plainly seethis air drop four miles away and werecheered by the sight.

Colonel Hunter, meanwhile, had as.sembled two gun crews, composed ofgallant men who had been with the 98thPack Artillery in New Guinea beforejoining the original Marauders for theBurma mission.

S/Sgt. John A. Acker acted as batterycommander (later killed on an observa.tion flight). He had formed the two guncrews and had put them through inten.sive refresher practice so that they were

EX.CBI ROUNDUP

---------------- Howitzers at Hsamshinqyanqwell drilled when the howitzers camefloating down to them. Two hours afterthe planes had dropped the artillerypieces, the first round sailed out over the2nd Battalion's perimeter. Soon both gunswere registering direct hits on the enemypositions.

(Acknowledgment: Our sincere thanksto the crews of the 1st and 2nd TroopCarrier Squadron, who hedge-hopped into make this precision pinpoint drop thatsaved many lives. Perhaps some of theRoundup readers will recall, or took partin this drop!)

Action at Nhpum Ga lasted until Eas-ter Sunday, 1944, and will be a memora.

ble occasion in the life of every survivingmember of the 2nd and 3rd Battalions.

The total number of Marauder casual-ties in the Nhpum Ga action was 57killed and 302 wounded. All those earlierreported missing were found, eitherwounded or killed. The number evacu.ated to hospitals by air because ofwounds or illness caused by amoebicdysentery and malaria reached a totalof 379.

The figure of known enemy dead ex-ceeded 400, excluding any estimate ofthe number of Japanese buried duringthe 10 days the enemy controlled thearea surrounding the 2nd Battalion'sperimeter. -THE END

Comeback for China's Grand CanaL

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to 180 feet as against the old 30 to 90feet.

Belts of young trees have been plantedand stones put into place to strengthenthe banks. It said that the new stretchprotects 2.4 million acres of farmland andsix million people against flooding. Someof the water is being diverted to irrigatefarmland. -THE END

By the Asso:iated Press

TOKYO, JAPAN-Red China says it hasreconstructed 250 miles of the ancient1,000.mile Grand Canal, one of the engi.neering wonders of the world and fre.quent subject for Chinese artists andwriters.

Built 2,000 years ago, it turns fromPeking in North China to the lake city ofHangchow in south China. For centuriesit was China's principal north-southwater artery, but silt, disuse and timecaused it to wither away in importance.

The New China News Agency said thereconstru:::tion, which began in 1958, ex.tends from the Yangtze River port ofYangchow northward across the northernpart of Kiangsu Province. In time, theChinese plan to put the entire canal backinto operation.

The canal now is navigable for boatscarrying from 100 to 200 tons of freight.Formerly it could handle only sailingboats of up to 30 tons.

The canal in northern Kiangsu hasbeen deepened and widened, many loopsand twists replaced by straight channels,and electrically operated locks, sluicegates, culverts, docks and minor bridgeshave been added.

The canal is famed in Chinese litera.ture, poetry and art. In ancient days,emperors and their courts moved in rich.ly decorated barges along its quietwaters, officials from the provinces sailedup to Peking, and the rice, tea, silk, andspices of China filtered through it to athousand cities and villages along theway.

The Chinese news agency said thecanal has been cut to a depth of morethan 12 feet, compared with its old depthof six feet, and that it has been widened

APRIL, 1963 15

Refugees From Red China

They Never Stop ComingReprinted from Maryknoll

By MICHAEL J. McKEIRNAN, M.M.

The tiny stream of refugees tricklinginto Hong Kong from Red China becamea huge deluge about a year ago. Thenone day the movement stopped as sud-denly and mysteriously as it had started.This strange exodus has many interest-ing factors.

The refugees themselves say that thereason for their flight to Hong Kongwas the severe famine haunting all ofChina. The Red masters of China admitthere is a shortage of food, but blithelyclaim it is due to natural calamities.

Huge purchases of grains from Austra.lia and Canada certainly indicate thatChina is in desperate straits. The refu-gees report that their meager ration ofrice had been cut and in. some localitieseven suspended. Their monthly ration ofrice was scarcely enough for a few days.

Food and survival became the supremeand only thought of the people. A HongKong couple returning from Canton tellof the rickshaw carrier who asked forfood or a cigarette instead of money.Letters to Hong Kong express gratitudefor food parcels and tell how they areshared to keep as many people alive aspossible.

Practically everyone in Hong Kong isbesieged with letters begging for foodfrom relatives or friends in China. Theyask for simple staples like rice, vegetableoil and flour, not for luxuries. Even onehigh official in Peking sent out word re-questing food for his family.

Last year a total of $8 million worthof food parcels was sent into Chinathrough the Hong Kong Post Office. Thegreat bulk of this food came originallyfrom Red China. Practically every day,junk loads of foodstuffs are brought toHong Kong from Canton and unloadedalong the waterfront. They includecereals, sugar, dairy products, fish, meat,fruit and vegetables.

Communist stores in Hong Kong arefilled with food from Red China. Its saleis a means of obtaining much-neededforeign exchange, and foreign exchangeis needed for armaments. Guns and tanksand airplanes must be had at all costs,for the regime was established by mili.tary might and is maintained solely byit.

China has had many famines in itshistory, but never before did one reachacross the whole face of the great nation

16

or last so long. To blame this solely onnatural calamities is not correct. True,there have been floods and drought andpests, but the first and most importantcause is man-made-the herculeanblunders of the agriculture planners.

At the beginning of the "big leap for-ward," the Communists started a nation-wide campaign to increase production offood. Officials shouted across the landthat farmers must plant closer and plowdeeper, raise double crops and eventriple crops. Without sufficient fertilizer,this campaign simply ruined the land.

Besides this, there were great irrigationand conservation projects, especiallyalong the Yellow River Valley in NorthCentral China. People who knew littleor nothing about irrigation directed thebuilding of numerous canals. They final-ly ruined the water table, high land be-coming alkaline and low land saline,neither producing anything.

To achieve this great leap, people wereherded into inhuman communes. Underthe guns of militia, farmers were forcedto grow food but they did so in a half-hearted way. A huge dam, completednear Hong Kong with much propaganda,washed out. The irrigati'on and flood con-trol programs proved to be failures asreports of flood and drought came fromnearly every section of the country.

When the Communists took over thecity of Wuchow in the state of Kwangsiin 1950, there was no flood during theirfirst year in control. The Reds blasphe-mously boasted that they controlled theweather and henceforth would providerain in season and prevent floods. Every-one would have enough to eat, and thepeople would not need to pray for favor-able weather.

Now after twelve years of completecontrol, the Reds openly blame thefamine on natural calamities which theyhad boasted they would prevent. Theyhave not been idle, however. Controlling600,000,000 people, body and soul, theymoved huge segments of the populationfrom one place to another and workedthe people desperately long hours. Andthe end result is a nation in the throesof starvation.

The Chinese farmer traditionally hasbeen a philosopher of sorts. He workedhard when it was time to work, and thenrested and enjoyed the fruits of his toil.

Now when winter comes, instead ofhaving a period of rest and recuperation,the farmer is made to work hard on otherprojects. Eighteen hours a day was not

EX-CBI ROUNDUP

-------------------They NeverStopCominguncommon at the height of the mad furyof the great leap.

The farmers rightly asked, "Whyshould we work when we get nothingfor it, not even enough to eat?" Thereevolved a campaign of silent sabotage.When farmers planted tender stalks ofrice in the water, they simply twistedeach stalk and in a few days it died. Nocrops were harvested.

Last May, thousands of people madetheir way to the border of Hong Kongand simply sat on the mountainsidesuntil nightfall, when they would make adesperate attempt to sneak into thecolony. Hong Kong officials estimate thatsome 60,000 were picked up by the policeand sent back; others claim that 120,000is a more accurate figure. It also isestimated that for every three pickedup, one refugee made it to freedom. Inthe first half of 1962, some 100,000 peoplecame into Hong Kong from Red China.

As a group, these refugees are a pitifullot. They are hardly human beings anymore. The long hard years of tyrannyunder communism have' ground everyvestige of human dignity out of them,leaving only a weak spark of desire tolive. This is -what drives them to makethe hazardous trek to Hong Kong.

Once over the border they are likesheep, or cogs fallen from some machine.When caught by the police, they are com-pletely docile. When told to sit down,they do so like automatons; when told toget into the police vans, they do itmechanically. After the police give thema big meal, some spirit returns and theyare ready to try to escape.

Their personal appearance is shabbyand unkempt. Some have fairly decentclothes, but they are the rare exception.The skin of most refugees is dry andparched, like that of a mummy, fromlack of edible oils. In some cases, theirskin has a very dark cast from eatingwild plants and sea weeds.

As a rule, the refugees are not in thefinal stage of starvation, with their bonesand ribs sticking out, their stomachsbloated. For the refugees are among thehardiest of the people. Only the strongcould make the arduous trek.

All are terribly undernourished, how-ever. This accounts for their strangeapathy. Their bodies and clothes giveevidence that there is no soap to be hadin Red China. Their hair is long andstraggly. Those in need of medical caresay that there is no medicine availablefor the common people of China.

A young man arrived with an interest.ing story. His parents were too old tomake the trip to Hong Kong, and hisyounger brothers too little. The parents

APRIL, 1963

told him to try to make it to Hong Kongand carryon the family line as theywould surely die of starvation. Hetraveled by night and hid by day.

One night he ran into a group of Redsoldiers. When they asked him what hewas doing, he replied, "Nothing." Theysaid, "We know you are going to HongKong. That way and good luck!"

In the mountainous areas beyond theBritish border, the man reported seeingmany unburied corpses of people whohad tried to escape but died of starvationor were shot by the Red guards. Afterhe got across the border, he made hisway to a small farm where an elderlycouple hid him in the pig sty for threedays until his relatives came out to gethim.

Another feature of this unprecedentedmass exodus is the overwhelming char.ity displayed by the Hong Kong Chinese.Formerly the Chinese were generous, butusually only to relatives or friends. Whenthis great wave of refugees started com.ing over the border, Hong Kong Chinese,high and low, went up to the border arealoaded with food and clothing.

One village bought all the supplies ofa food peddler and told him to go up intothe hills and give the various items toanyone who needed them. In the firstdays when the police were sending therefugees back in vans, the local peoplelined the streets of the border town andtossed the unfortunate travelers food andcigarettes. Whenever one of the refugeeswas able to jump out of the police vans,the crowd quickly hid him.

Towards the end of May, the Red mas-ters suddenly closed the border and thegreat exodus stopped. However, the refu.gees are a resourceful lot and are stillcoming by devious ways. Macao, aPortuguese province just forty-five mileswest of Hong Kong, has always grantedasylum to refugees and continues to doso. These people eventually make theirway to Hong Kong and are taken in byrelatives and friends.

With little prospect of any crops thisyear, the situation in China is critical.Refugees in Macao say that soldiers haveput up roadblocks and machine gunnests around Canton for fear of invasion.Since Canton is far inland, one wonderswhether this is not to prevent uprisingsrather than to repel invasions. This samefear seems to have been behind the sud.den opening of the border by the Reds:the people's thoughts were turned fromrevolt to escape, temporarily at least.

At any rate the border is quiet again.Those who made it to Hong Kong arelucky. Those who tasted freedom brieflywill be devising means to obtain itagain. -THE END

11

News dispatches from recelll iffuesof The Calculla Statesman

DACCA-Pakistan has accepted aFrench offer to construct a Rs 70.millionoil refinery at Chittagong. The plant isexpected to go into production by themiddle of 1965.

DACCA-There are 224 centenarians inDacca city with a total population oflittle over 550,000, according to the dis.trictwise census report for 1961 officiallyreleased from Karachi. Of these centenoarians, 91 are men. Dacca district standsfirst in the whole of Pakistan in order ofdensity of population with 1,768 personsper square mile.

CALCUTTA-About 150,000 pilgrimstook their holy dip one day recently atthe confluence of the Ganga and the Bayof Bengal on the occasion of MakarSankranti. Thousands of shacks whichthe pilgrims had put up overnight on thevast brown char land, sadhus surround.ed by devotees, rows of men and womenoffering puja at the temple of Kapil Muniand pilgrims bathing in the chilly morn.ing at sunrise lent a picturesque look tothe otherwise deserted area. The launchesand boats waiting nearby to take thepilgrims back added colour to the con-gregation.

VIJAYAWADA-Considerable progresshas been reported by members of anexpert team appointed by the Govern-ment of India to assess the work doneunder the National Malaria EradicationProgramme. In 1958 when the sprayingwas started, 12.5 in every 100 patientswere diagnosed as malaria. infected. Thispercentage, a member of the team reoports, has been cut down to 1.82 in 1961as a result of extensive DDT sprayingoperations.

KATHMANDU-Baba Sheopuri, the old.est man known to have lived in theHimalayas, died here January 28 at theage of 137. Born in South Malabar, hecame to Nepal at the age of 100 aftertravelling around the world. A linguist,Baba Sheopuri attributed his long life toyoga and regulated life. He died abachelor.

NEW DELHI-The peacock has beenfinally chosen as the National Bird ofIndia.. BOMBAY-The Customs have tightenedtheir vigil in the Bombay docks andvisitors to ships are being screened to pre.vent the smuggling of gold and luxuryarticles. The sea patrol has also been

intensified to prevent smuggling of pro.hibited articles from liners at anchor.

SRINAGAR-A number of people had ajoy ride January 30 in a jeep over thefrozen Dal Lake. The lake has beenfrozen to a depth of about two feet in thecold wave that has been sweepingKashmir. Premier Bakshi Ghulam Mo.hammad was among the large crowd thatclapped and cheered from the lakepavilion as the jeep slowly rumbled overthe ice. This is the first time that a jeephad been driven over the frozen Da!. Inthe past, however, hockey matches hadbeen played on its frozen crust.

CALCUTTA-Nearly 150,000 gold arti.sans were unemployed as the result ofGovernment gold control rules.

CALCUTTA-Bakreswar, in Birbhum,with its three hot springs, is likely to bedeveloped as a tourist resort by the WestBengal Government, which feels that hadit been in a European country it wouldhave been made an international centreby now.

CALCUTTA-In 1961 there were 6,799centenarians in West Bengal. This reomarkable fact came to light in the 1961census operations. The figure is based onreturns by people who claimed to be 100years of age or older. The oldest claimedto be 160. There were many women inthe group. The State's total populationin 1961 was 34,926,279.

KAT H MANDU-Professional shikarishave been sent to tracK down a maneat.ing tigress which has been on the ram.page in Dhangarhi and adjoining Indianareas. The tigress has two cubs, now fullgrown, and in the last two years theterrible trio has killed more than 80 peo-ple and imposed a reign of terror in thethickly forested area. Two villages arereported to have been deserted throughfear of the marauders.

CALCUTTA-When a consignment of30,000 pounds of skimmed milk powderwas received from UNICEF, the shipmentwas divided into two trucks with onesent to Nadia and one to Murshidabad.While the quantity earmarked for Nadiareached the centre on time, the othertruck disappeared. Police investigatedand reported that no truck had ever beenregistered with the number given by theCentral Medical Stores and the transportagency which took over the responsibilityof delivering the consignment.

JALPAIGURI-A leper who had arrivedwith his family from Bihar for theJalpesh Mela told a newspaper reporter:"The contributions we receive frompilgrims .in holy places are our onlysource of income. The dates of suchfestivals throughout India are followedclosely by us." He did not want to betreated in a hospital because that wouldinterfere with his programme.

EX-CEl ROUNDUP

HONG KONG. By Martin Hurlimann. TheViking PreSJ, Neu' York. March, 1963. $8.50.

In his lively and expressive photo-graphs, Dr. Hurlimann has caught thevaried and impromptu character of theBritish Crown Colony, the markets andbazaars of the old town, the strikingmodern architecture, the harbor, moun-tains and farms. His observationsshrewdly assess Hong Kong's past his-tory, current problems and uncertainfuture.

TRANSLATIONS FROM THE CHINESE(The Importance of Undentanding). Selected,translated and introduced by Lin Y utang. Jr)'orldPublishing Co., Cleveland and New York. March,1963. Paperback, 51.95.

Essays, poems, fables, proverbs andstories about Chinese religion, philosphyand life.

DRAGON BONES IN THE YELLOWEARTH. By James and In'ing Crump. Dodd,-Mead & Company, New York. March, 1963.54.00.

An account of archeological explorationand research in northern China whichincludes a discussion of medicinal dragonbones, oracle bones and the discovery ofdinosaur eggs in the Gobi; also of theimportant Peking Man and of many otherfascinating diggings.

CHINA ONLY YESTERDAY. By EmilyHahn. Doubleday & Company, Garden City,N. Y. April, 1963. $5.95.

The story of a century of change, 1850-1950, from the Opium War to Mao Tse-tung. Emily Hahn highlights the tumul-tuous reign of the "Dowager Empress";the fantastic Boxer Rebellion; the riseand fall of Chiang Kai-shek; and, mostsignificantly, the complex factors whichhave led to the emergence of China asa militant Communist state.

HINDUISM. Edited by Dr. Louis Renou.If)"ashingtoll Square PreSJ (Affiliated). March,1963. Paperback, 60c.

Like other volumes in the GreatReligions of Man series, this consists ofa history of the religion under discussion,Hinduism, plus a selection from itsliterature, classical and modern. Thefinal section deals with the role ofHinduism as a force in Indian society.

APRIL, 1963

FORESTS OF THE NIGHT. By Jon Cleary.IP'illiam Morrow and Company, New York.March, 1963. 54.95.

A preying tiger occasions many grip-ping sequences in this novel set inBurma.

THE STORY OF CEYLON. By E. F. C.Ludowyk. Roy Publishers, Inc., New York.March, 1963. $5.95.

A well-written, comprehensive historyof the Isle of Precious Stones from ancientlegendary beginnings to tensions anddifficulties of contemporary Ceylon, Asiancountry in transition. Author is a nativeof Ceylon.

THE ESSENTIAL GANDHI. Edited by LouisFischer. Vintage Books (Random House). March,1963. Paperback, $1.95.

An anthology of Gandhi's own writingsculled from his entire lifetime, from hisearly pieces written for East Africannewspapers through his most importantstatements on India's politics and pacif-icism. Essentially, a record of Gandhi'smind and heart.

THE RED PEONY. By Lin Yutan!;. DellPublishing Co. March, 1963. Paperback, 60c.

A romantic and melodramatic novelset in China around the turn of the cen-tury. The central figure is a beautifulyoung widow who indulges in severalsultry love affairs befo,re she finds truelove with a boxer.

WE NEED YOURCOOPERATION!

The Post Office Departmenthas doubled the charge for no-tifying us when a copy of Ex-CEl Roundup is undeliverableas addressed.

In addition, your copy of themagazine is delayed or maynever reach you.

Help us-and help yourself-by notifying us PROMPTLYwhen your address is changed.

Ex-CBI RoundupP. o. Box 125 laurens, Iowa

19

To The Editors _

J. V. KELLNER,Chicago, Ill.

Training Course• In looking over myoidfiles I find that from July4, 1942, to Oct. 10, 1942, Iwent to the And e r sonOrganization at Los Ang~.les and took a course mairplane repairs. I believeit was under Captain Ward.There were 50 GIs in eachclass, and when graduatedtwo of us were selected togo to a service ready foroverseas. I wonder if anyof that class of 10/10/42ever went overseas to CBI?I have a large graduationphoto with all their names.Would appreciate hearingfrom any of them, especial.ly the acting corporal wholived in L. A. His name wasSgt. Jack R. Schredder, classleader.

EDWIN L. BROOKS,9731 South Brennan Ave.,Chicago 17, Illinois

112th Station Hospital• Attended the ChicagoBasha meeting recently andjoined this organization. Imet many good CBI friendsand enjl'Jyed the SouthPacific Restaurant hospital.ity. Enjoy your magazineand its good work. "Vasstationed with the 112thStation Hospital in Cal.cutta.

FLOODING of OSS compound, just beyond East Gate atKunming, China, was deliberalely done by provincial troopsin August 1945. Photo by Ben F. Brannon.

RAY BYERS,167 Feronia,Rutherford, N. J.,Sells "M 0 n goose.CobraFight" & "Delhi" Movies.Details for Sc Stamp.

BRITISH type tin tub is occupied by Major Jim Ged~es atCurzon Barracks in New Delhi. Photo by Myron L. Mills.

Lift for Spirits Retiring in June• My spirits are always • Am retiring this June.lifted when the greatest Twenty years ago I wasmagazine, Ex-CBI Roundup, taking my basic trainingcomes through the mail. I with the WAAC in Desso enjoy reading every Moines, Iowa. Life wasn'tword. exactly a picnic in India

ETHEL G. YAVORSKY, and China, but I have neverPoland, Ohio regretted my assignments

there where I also metsome fine people and madegood friends. Best wishesfor the continued successof the Roundup.

EDNA L. GOHEEN,Corvallis, Ore.

Better and Better• Eve r y i:oJsue of theRoundup gets better andbetter. Formerly served with19th Base Post Office- Cal.cutta, Chabua, Kunmingand Shanghai.

RAY CHAPMAN,Lubbock, Texas

L. W. GWIN,Percy, Ill.

Charles Marvel• Sorry to inform you ofthe death of Charles Mar-vel due to a coal mine ac.cid~nt. He served in CBIwith 709 E.P.D. Co. Heleaves a wife and sevenchildren.

20 EX.CEI ROUNDUP

_______________________ To The Editors

WELL.KNOWN plane in India was "My Assam Dragon,"shown here with Capt. Charles Fram of Atlanta, Ga., in thecockpit.

TIGER shot near Sookerating airfield, near Dum Duma,Upper Assam, weighed 800 pounds. Photo by Paul Jeffries.

Story of 1875th they haven't as yet. Also, if• It was a very pleasant he is a regular Roundupsurprise when I turned to reader (and I assume he is,page 8 of the February since sending in this letterissue. to see my battalion, and photos), I hope he can,the 1875th, in print. Lt. and will, plan to attend theJohn A. Power did an ex. Milwaukee reunion.cellent article on our bat. MAE BISSELL,talion's sojourn in the Far Oakland, Calif.East. Sure hope a lot of mybuddies see this story.

JULIUS E. WAGNER,Houston, Texas

Brings Back Memories• Was a big thrill to readthe letter by Dr. FurmanTyner, in the March issueof Roundup. Memories gaolore came flying back. Hewas commanding officer ofthe 172nd Hospital, whichI belonged to and servedwith overseas. We had ourstaging area at BushnellGeneral Hospital, BrighamCity, Utah. When he speaksof the high morale, he wasso right ... but he didn'tstate that he contributeda great portion of the rea.son it was so. We oftensecretly regarded him as areal Santa Claus! He keptour outfit together, and wehad the best that those"over there" sit u a t ion scould come forth with.Wish the Houston Bashamembers would urge himinto their membership, if

Earl R. Stein• One of aviation's color-ful pioneers passed intohistory with the death ofEarl R. "Whitey" Stein onFebruary 16, 1963. "Whitey"Stein served in the CBI withthe ATC on the "Hump"run. Probably few wereaware at that time of hispast in the flying world. Henot only was an early dayflyer, but also a "Bat. Man."He would bail out at 10,000to 12,000 feet to executeloops, rolls and othermaneuvers on wings ofcan vas and iron before alast minute opening of hischute. He was an aviationsoldier of fortune aroundSouth America prior toWWII. After the war hejoined Northwest OrientAirlines as a commercialpilot-probably few of hispassengers ever were awareof his earlier exploits. Withhis passing, another chap-ter is closed in the eventfulprogress of aviation.

ORVILLE D. HEGSETH,Belleype, Wash.

AJ'lRIL, 1963 21

Arrangements are now progressing forthe Ohio State meet at Dayton on April28. I am making plans to present theMiami Valley Basha charter during thetwo days of festivities that are beingplanned.

Reunion plans for 1963 are being toldelsewhere in your Ex-CBI Roundup. Theyoung people are also at work on theirparticipation in the reunion. We wouldlike to know at once just how manyyoungsters are coming and what theirages are so that programming can besuited to needs. Please enclose that in-formation when you return your ordersfor advertising in the Reunion Programand Membership Directory.

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CBIVA's national executive council willmeet in Milwaukee on Saturday, May 18.Invitations are extended to all area CBImembers to sit in on the sessions. Weshall hold these meetings at the Wiscon.sin Hotel in downtown Milwaukee for onSaturday plans are being arranged todedicate the plaque marking the birth-place of CBIVA during the 1948 nationalreunion.

Room reservations are to be made toMiss Vera Seder at PO Box 1848, Milwau.kee 1, Wis.

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commander-John Forster, senior vicecommander; Doug-Parsons, jr. vice com-mander; Marv Olsen, adjutant.financeofficer; Leland Nicholls, provost marshal;Clyde H. Cowan, pu'bHc relations; Wil.Ham Lambert, ser\Jli'ce officer and Don.aId C. Gould, 'chapla;in.

A thunder bird totem 'pole was 'pre.sented to me as a memento of the oc-casion. A get-together followed the"dinner until the wee hours of themorning.

Saturday a.m. I was off on 'a 'ride onthe mono-rail and then after a quicktri'p in Hegseth's doodle bug to the air-port I was winging my way baek :home.It was a glorious trip and it will be amemol'able one.

Before entra;ining for 'Milwaukee I'pa,ida surprise visit to the Chica'go'basha meeting at South Padfi-c to sayhello.

by

Eugene R. Brauer

Commander's

Message

As I alighted from the plane atSeattle-Tacoma International ail'port, thewaving hands of Marv Olsen and OrvHegseth from the obsel'vation 'platfol'mwere 'but the begining of 'another threedays of-to borrow 'an old German'cliche---gem uetlichkei t.

Olsen, a former Milwaukee bashacommander and now a transplantedWashingtonian, was my official guidethe fiirst day and we toured the fair'grounds, the space needle, the University'c'am'pus, the Snoqua'lmi. mountains andIfalls, and much of the Greater Seattlearea. That evening I was picked up byLee Bakker and escorted to Arnold's 'sup-per 'Club 'for 'a dinner meeting with themembers of the Dhobi Wallah basha.And like the traditional CBI 'greeting Iwas a stranger but for a moment andOur conversatJion quickly drifted to CEl.Iand and stations we serviced. I missedmeeting Comman'der 'Parker CoHins whowas 'away in Californi'a on business. Theevening hours melted 'away too quick.IY,but I must say I thoroughly enjoyedevery minute of this gathering.

On Friday Orv Hegseth was my 'guideand we toured the big Boeing tl'ansportdivision hangers and viewed planes 'inthe making, as well as a tasty lunch inthe plant's executive dining room. It wasmy pleasure that evening to 'present myfirst official ch'arter of my term 'as com-mander to the Cascade Basha of Belle.vue, Wash., a city a'cross the floatingbridge from Seattle proper.

The oriental motif of Pantley's sup.,per club was most aoppropl'i'ate 'as I in-stalled Orv Hegseth as the group's first

National CommanderChina-Burma-India

Veterans Assn.

This space is contributed to the CBIV A byEx-CBI Roundup as a service to the manyreaders who are members of the Asm., of whichRoundup is ,the official publication. It is im-portant to remember that CBIV A and Roundupare entirely separate organizations. Your sub-scription to Roundup does not entitle you tomembership in CBIV A, nor does your member-ship in CBIV A entitle you to a subscription toRoundup. You need nol be a member of CBIV Ain order to subscribe to Roundup and vise versa.-Eds.

With the advancing of reunion timecomes also the call for suggested changesin the CBIVA by.laws and constitution,and the submission of resolutions foraction by the convention body. As soonas you have them readied rush them offto my home address so they can ade-quately be placed on the agenda.

See you all next month and I hopepersonally come July 31 at the Milwau-kee reunion.

Fraternal SalaamsGENE R. BRAUER

22 EX.OBI ROUNDUP

________________________ To The Editors

LAWYER'S shingle at Murree Hill Station, en route to Kash.mir, captures the attention of Capt. Charles Fram of Atlanta,Ga., and Lt. Richard O. Roberts of St. Louis, Mo.

WEDDING party at Kunming, China, in 1944. CBIers mayrecognize the building in background as the locale of Mme.Shaefer's Cocktail Lounge. Photo by Ben F. Brannon.

Stilwell's Diaries• Win i f red S til well,widow of the famed Gener.al Joseph W. Stilwell, haspresented his diaries to thefamous Hoover Institutionon War, Revolution andPeace located on the cam.pus of Stanford Universityat Palo Alto, Calif. The col.lection consists of 16 smallnotebooks which he hadfilled with his day-to.dayobservations and opinionsplus three larger notebooksin which he had tran.scribed his notes. They givea vivid account of GeneralStilwell's trials and tribu.lations during his com.man din g years in theChina-Burma-India Theaterof World War II. Some ofthe notebooks were thesource of material for thebook, "The Stilwell Papers,"but it has been only recent.ly that the whole collectionhas been made available toscholars and other inter.ested persons.

RAY KIRKPATRICK,San Francisco, Calif.

308th Bomb Group• S e r v e d wit h 373rdS qua d ron, 308th BombGroup, at Yang Kai, Lu-liang and Kunming; nowacting postmaster at De.Witt.HAROLD F. ZWONECHEK,DeWitt, Nebr.

returned to Washington fordischarge on the MarineRobin in November, 1945.One of the unusual high-lights of our period of servoice in China was the flood.ing of the OSS compoundon the day of the termina.tion of the war with Japan.The compound was floodedby disgruntled provincialChinese troops by breakingthe dykes of the surround.ing rice paddies. The entirecompound was under fourfeet of water in a matterof a few hours.

BEN F. BRANNON,Honolulu, Hawaii

Bengal 6; Assam• My outfit was H&SCompany, 748th RailwayOperating Battalion, withour battalion headquartersat Tinsukia, Assam. Weope rat e d the Bengal &Assam Railroad from Tin.sukia to Mariana Junction,from Tinsukia to Ledo, andfrom Tinsukia to Dibrugarh,Assam. I still .enjoy myEx.CBI Roundup. My wifealso enjoys reading theRoundup as it proves outlots of my TALL stories Ihave told her about the CBITheater.

DALLAS H. WILSON Jr.,Daingerfield, Texas

Civilian, Then Soldier• First went to India inMarch, 1942, as a civilianattached to the AmericanDiplomatic Mission in NewDelhi. It took us severalweeks to get to India byair, flying by PAA to Lagos,Nigeria; C-47 from Lagosvia Kano, Nigeria, andKhartoum to Cairo; BOACfrom Cairo to Karachi, viathe Dead Sea, Basra andBahrein; then C-47 againfrom Karachi to New Delhi.Spent 30 months in NewDelhi and returned homein August 1944 for indue.tion. Was returned to Indiaand eventually China, as.signed to Hq & Hq Det, OSS.Kunming. Was there until

APRIL, 1963 23

AGARBATTIYou guys and gals stationed on the India side of The Hump maynot remember the word "Agarbatti," but you may recall the odor!

AGARBATTI is that highly perfumed incense that comes in longsmcks, in a variety of romantic scents. While incense is commonin the United States, agarbatti is not. Feeling that CBI-ers wouldlike to try various scents of this low-priced item, we have im-ported a quantity which is available for immediate shipment.

We will ship POSTPAID

1 Carton LATA KUMARI1 Carton RANGILI DURBAR1 Metal Tube GREAT HIMALAYA1 Metal Tube RANGILI MOUJ1 Metal Tube PINK ROSES1 Metal Tube NINE FLOWERS

All for Only

In this package are over 150 long sticks of Agarbatti, enough toperfume your house for at least a year! You'll find the odorsexotic, as will your friends. Order yours today!

ELEPHANT BEANS! Closing out the remainder of our stock ofbeans containing 25 ivory elephants. These good luck charms area $1.25 each value. While they last, 3 for just $2.00 postpaid!!

1646 ~rence Street Denver 2, Colorado