d.n.a objective: swbat explore the principles of probability in order to predict the outcomes of...

D.N.AObjective: SWBAT explore the principles of

probability in order to predict the outcomes of genetic crosses using Punnett Squares

State if the following are heterozygous, homozygous dominant, or homozygous recessiveRr __________________DD _________________Ee __________________ff __________________

If spots (S) are dominant over stripes (s) state the phenotype for the followingSs _____________ b. ss _______________ c. SS

_______________ Hairy (H) is dominant over smooth (h). What is the

genotype for hairy? ____________

HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT

HETEROZYGOUS

HETEROZYGOUS

HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE

SPOTS STRIPES

SPOTS

HH or Hh

ANNOUNCEMENTS! Punnett Square Worksheet (download off of Ms.

Nakamura’s wikispace)Nakamurabiology.wikispaces.com

Unit 5 Heredity Quest Corrections due next classWrite out the question numberThe correct answerAnd why is it the correct answer (evidence!)You will receive ½ pt back towards your quest

CONGRATULATIONS!

Unit 5 Heredity Quest

2B – Average: Summa Cum Laude: Magna Cum Laude:

70%

Josef, Malik

DeAndre

CONGRATULATIONS!

Unit 5 Heredity Quest

2B – Average: Summa Cum Laude: Magna Cum Laude:

70%

Jordan, Rikiesha

Jibraun

LET’S REVIEW!!!

What is genotype?Genetic make-upEx: TT, Tt, tt

What is phenotype?Physical TraitsEx: Tall, short, red, etc.

Let’s Practice

1. Circle one: “Hh” is considered

(homozygous/heterozygous)

1. Circle one: “hh” is considered

(homozygous/heterozygous)

1. Circle one: “HH” is considered

(homozygous dominant/homozygous recessive)

Let’s Practice

If Tall (T) is dominant over short (t) state the phenotype for the following

• TT ______________• Tt ______________• tt _______________

TALL

TALLSHORT

Let’s Practice

Green peas (G) are dominant over yellow peas (g). What is the genotype for green peas?

GG or Gg

Ruffled fur (R) is dominant over smooth fur (r). What is the genotype for smooth fur?

rr

How can we determine what the offspring are going to be?

PUNNETT SQUARES!-chart showing

the possible combination of

alleles in a cross

The question!

In plants, round seeded plants (R) is dominant to wrinkled seeded plants (r).

If a a HETEROZYGOUS round seeded plant is crossed with a HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeded plant, how

many HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeds will exist after the parents mate?

How to make a Punnett square…

Step 1: Determine the genotypes of the parents

Step 2: Set up your Punnett squareStep 3: Determine the potential gene

combinationsStep 4: Determine the genotypesStep 5: Determine the phenotypesStep 6: Answer the question

How to make a Punnett square…


Step 2: Set up your punnett squareStep 3: Determine the potential gene



A HETEROZYGOUS round seeded plant is crossed with a HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeded plant.

___________________ X ___________________


A HETEROZYGOUS round seeded plant (Rr) is crossed with a HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeded plant (RR).

Cross: ___________Rr_____x__________RR________

How to make a punnett square…




Step 2: Set up your punnett square


R

r

R

RHomozygous Dominant round seeded plants (RR)Heterozygous

round seeded plant (Rr)

Step 3: Determine the potential gene combinations






R

r

R

R

RR



R

r

R

R

RRRR



R

r

R

R

RRRR

Rr



R

r

R

R

RR RR

Rr Rr

Step 4: Determine the genotypesA HETEROZYGOUS round seeded plant (Rr) is crossed

with a HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeded plant (RR).

GENOTYPES

R

r

R

R

RR RR

Rr RrRR = 2/4 = 1/2

Rr = 2/4 = 1/2

Step 4: Determine the phenotypesA HETEROZYGOUS round seeded plant (Rr) is crossed

with a HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeded plant (RR).

PHENOTYPES

R

r

R

R

RR RR

Rr RrALL ROUND

Answer the question!

A HETEROZYGOUS round seeded plant (Rr) is crossed with a HOMOZYGOUS

DOMINANT round seeded plant (RR). Round seeds are dominant to wrinkled

seeds. How many HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeds will exist after

the parents mate?

How many HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT (RR) round seeds will exist after the

parents mate?

R

r

R

R

RR RR

Rr Rr

How many HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT (RR) round seeds will exist after the

parents mate?

R

r

R

R

RR RR

Rr Rr2 HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT round seeds will exist after the

parents mate!

Let’s review the steps!





A man that is heterozygous with curly hair has 4 children with a woman that is homozygous recessive and has straight hair

___________________ X ___________________



___________Hh_______ X ___________hh________

Step 2: Set up your punnett square


H

h

h

hHeterozygous curly hair (Hh)

Homozygous recessive straight hair (hh)



H

h

h

h

Hh



H

h

h

h

hhHh



H

h

h

h

hhHh

Hh



H

h

h

h

Hh hh

Hh hh

Step 4: Determine the genotypesA man that is heterozygous with curly hair has 4

children with a woman that is homozygous recessive and has straight hair

GENOTYPES Hh = 2/4 = 1/2

hh=2/4 or ½

H

h

h

h

Hh hh

Hh hh

Step 5: Determine the phenotype


Phenotype 2 curly hair

2 straight hair

H

h

h

h

Hh hh

Hh hh

How many of their four children will have straight hair?

H

h

h

h

Hh hh

Hh hh

How many of their four children will have straight hair?

H

h

h

h

Hh hh

Hh hh

2 out of the 4 children will have straight hair!

MAKE A BABY LAB!(Not what your

thinking!) Today you will determine the traits of your baby by making punnett squares

Part 1: Using the MASTER CHART, complete YOUR OWN genotype and phenotype

Ex: TRAIT GENOTYPE PHENOTYPE

SEX: XX Female

EYE COLOR: Brownish

TAKE 5 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THE TABLE IN

PART 1

PART 2: Find a partner….one will be the mother and one will be the father (IT

DOESN’T MATTER IF YOU ARE THE SAME GENDER!)

Using your genotypes, complete the punnett squares

SEX XX Female

SEX XY Male

XX XX

XY XY

X

Y

X X

Part 3: Using a penny, flip it to figure out the genotype of the baby and complete the table

Once you complete Part 3, see Ms. Nakamura for Part 4

CHALLENGE QUESTION Palomino horses are known to be caused by the

interaction of two different genes. The allele Cr in the homozygous condition produces a chestnut, or reddish color, horse. The allele Cm produces a very pale cream color, called cremello, in the homozygous condition. The palomino color is caused by the interaction of both the chestnut and cremello alleles. Indicate the expected ratios in the F1 generation from mating a palomino with a cremello.

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