dna & the vikings - university of nottingham€¦ · england & wales you are here grey...
TRANSCRIPT
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DNA & the Vikings
Steve Harding
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Mark Jobling
Turi King
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Mark Jobling
Turi King
Haugesund, Norway
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What happens to your sample?
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What happens to your sample?
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What happens to your sample?
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Scandinaviansettlements inEngland & Wales
You are here
Grey shading meansa high density ofScandinavian place-names
J.D. Richards, 2005
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Viking genes in Northern England project
Part 1 - Wirral and WestLancashire (2002-2008)
Part 2 - North Lancashire,Cumbria and N. Yorks (2009-2013)
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Viking genes in Northern England project
Part 1 - Wirral and WestLancashire (2002-2008)
Part 2 - North Lancashire,Cumbria and N. Yorks (2009-2013)
Part 3?
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DNA - Message from our Ancestors
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Genetics of Physical Characteristics
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Genetics of Physical Characteristics
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Dupuytren’s contracture
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Or can we examine the DNA directlyon our chromosomes?
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Or can we examine the DNA directlyon our chromosomes?
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Human cell
nucleus
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CellNucleus
Chromosomes
DNA
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CellNucleus
Chromosomes(23 pairs in humans)
DNA
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Male Y-chromosome
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Human cell
nucleus
mitochondrion
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Human cell
nucleus
mitochondrion
Maternallyinherited DNA
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The Hardings
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for men we look for 2 types of variations in Y-DNA
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for men we look for 2 types of variations in Y-DNA
HAPLOGROUP
HAPLOTYPE
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Results from a man’s Y-chromosome test
HAPLOGROUP
HAPLOTYPE
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Haplotype (& haplogroup) database
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Percentage of menwith haplogroup I1
“Scandic”Eupedia.com
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Bornholm 10%
Percentage of men with haplogroup L11*
10
5
0
Myres et al, 2011 “Baltic”
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Percentage of menwith haplogroup S145
“Celtic”Eupedia.com
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Percentage of menwith haplogroup U106
“Germanic”Eupedia.com
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Percentage of people withMitochondrial haplogroup H
www.coric.com
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Percentage of people withmaternal haplogroup H
www.genebase.com
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Percentage of people withmaternal haplogroup H
H1H3
H7
H4
www.genebase.com
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Viking ancestry?
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Commercial DNA testers
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• As an individual test – givesan idea of one (or two) linesof ancestry
• Much more powerful fortelling us about populationancestry
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Did the Vikings take their families withthem?
Goodacre,Helgasonet al, 2005
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Scandinaviansettlements inEngland & Wales
You are here
Grey shading meansa high density ofScandinavian place-names
J.D. Richards, 2005
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Scandinaviansettlements inEngland & Wales
You are here
Grey shading meansa high density ofScandinavian place-names
![Page 47: DNA & the Vikings - University of Nottingham€¦ · England & Wales You are here Grey shading means a high density of Scandinavian place- names J.D. Richards, 2005. Viking genes](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070915/5fb5fc99f8ac8529f92eedf3/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
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Viking genes in Northern England project
Part 1 - Wirral and WestLancashire (2002-2008)
Part 2 - North Lancashire,Cumbria and N. Yorks (2009-2013)
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Adam, Allin, Alleyne, Andrew, Ball, Barber, Barker, Barrell, Barrow, Bailiff, Beck, Bennett,Bergs, Billing, Bird, Blackburne, Boland, Brant, Bratherton, Browne, Brunt, Burscough,Bryde, Burrows, Bushell, Caley, Carr, Carlile, Carlisle, Challoner, Charnock, Chantrell,Coley, Colley, Colton, Coke, Corf, Corfe, Corness, Cotton, Cowper, Cross, Dalby, Dane,Danold, Davey, Davy, Denham, Denson, Dobb, Doe, Done, Duke, Dunn, Edmonds, Edmunds,Ellcock, Fazackerley, Fiddler, Fidler, Foreshaw, Forshaw, Fox, Francis, Gallie, Gardener,Gardiner, Gardner, Garratt, Garrett, Gibson, Gill, Gleave, Glegg, Goodacre, Grace, Gray,Gregory, Grey, Grice, Hale, Hancock, Hand, Harding, Hare, Harper, Harrison, Harvey,Heath, Helsby, Hesketh, Hey, Heyward, Hide, Hill, Hogg, Hole, Holme, Holmes, Home,Hough, Hulme, Hulmes, Humphrey, Huntington, Hynes, Jennion, Jensen, Jeunds,Johnson/Joynson, Jump, Kemp, Kirk, Kirkby, Leck, Lancelyn, Ledsham, Leighton, Lennard,Leonard, Ley, Lightfoot, Linacre, Little, Lunt, Macklin, Massie, Massey, Matthew, Mayle,Mayles, Middleton, Milner, Molyneuz, Moss, Moulding, Mutton, Nelson, Newbold, Newton,Otter, Otty, Oxton, Page, Parr, Pearson, Pemberton, Pendleton, Pennington, Penketh, Penney,Philip, Phylip, Pigot, Pinnington, Plumbe, Poole, Potter, Prenton, Pye, Pyke, Raby, Radcliffe,Rathbone, Richardson, Rider, Ridley, Rimmer, Robinson, Rogerson, Russell, Rutter, Saddler,Sadler, Sampson, Scarff, Scarffe, Scarisbrick, Sclater, Scriven, Sefton, Sharpe, Shephard,Shepherd, Sherlock, Skinner, Smalley, Smythe, Spenser, Stones, Swain, Swaine, Swarbrick,Swindley, Tarleton, Taskar, Tellett, Thomason, Thomasson, Thomson, Threadgill,Threadgold, Tottey/Totty, Tumath, Tyldesley, Upton, Wade, Wainwright, Walley, Walton,Warburton, Waring, Warington, Watmough, Watt, Whalley, Wharton, Wilkinson,Williamson, Whitby, Whitehead, Whitelaw, Whitfield, Whitmore, Whittle, Whyte,Williamson, Willoughby, Worral, Woods, Woodward, Wilcock, Wise, Wyse, Young, Yoxon.
Old Wirral surnames present in area before 1600
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→ Up to 50% of the DNA in old Wirral
& West Lancashire families is Norse
Research Paper in Molecular Biology & Evolution, 2008
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Viking genes in Northern England project
Part 1 - Wirral and WestLancashire (2002-2008)
Part 2 - North Lancashire,Cumbria and N. Yorks (2009-2013)
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Viking genes in Northern England project
Part 1 - Wirral and WestLancashire (2002-2008)
Part 2 - North Lancashire,Cumbria and N. Yorks (2009-2013)
Part 3?
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• Is it worth £150?
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Sources
Slides 9 & 46: J.D. Richards (2005) A Very Short Introduction to Vikings, Oxford:Oxford University Press; Slide 31: yhrd.org; Slide 32, 34, 35: www.eupedia.com;Slide 33: N.M. Myres et al (2011), European Journal of Human Genetics 19, 95–101;Slide 36: www.coric.com; Slide 37,38: www.genebase.com; Slide 45: S. Goodacre, A.Helgason et al (2005) Heredity 95, 1-7; Slide 54: www.wirral-mbc.gov.uk/vikings/