dnv software news

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Information from DNV Software No. 1 June 2009

DNV Software News

CelebratingSesams 40 years

Also inside:Ulstein gives Nauticus Yard Package thumbs up

Nauticus Hull for CSR BulkSafeti Performance Forecasting


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EDITORIAL

DNV SOFTWARE NEWS 1 2009 3

CONTENTS

2 DNV SOFTWARE NEWS 1 2009

CROSS INDUSTRY4 Leading the climate change

MARITIME INDUSTRY

6 Intergraph will offerNauticus Early Design

8 Proper project control

9 FKAB gives green light toNauticus Yard Package

10 Ulstein gives Nauticus YardPackage thumbs up

12 Nauticus Hull for CSR Bulk

14 Smarter 3D partnership

15 Nauticus Early Design release

16 Nauticus Hull gets even better

17 Effective data capturevia services in the clouds

OFFSHORE INDUSTRY

18 Sesams first 40 years

22 Efficient engineering ofoffshore structures

24 Extending the life expectancyof offshore installations

25 Sesam Structure Integrityrelease

PROCESS INDUSTRY

26 Transport system in good shape

28 Phast Risk

30 Safeti Performance Forecasting

32 Assessing risks fromhigh-pressure gas pipelines

33 R&D of Probanon Risk Framework

34 Customer satisfaction in China

35 Leak for QRA analysis

36 Threat and damage screeningusing Orbit+ Pipeline

NEWS ITEMS

Maritime

In 1969, DNV released the first commercial versionof the finite element analysis program Sesam.With 40 years history of innovation and knowl-edge transfer, Sesam is today stronger than everthanks to support from our customers in the

marine industry. We are very pleased to celebrateSesams first 40 years, and we promise to work

hard and listen to market needs to ensure furtherdevelopment and innovation that will enhancethe engineering process.

The initial development of Sesam was done by PlBergan at the Norwegian Institute of Technologyin Trondheim. With support from former CEO

Egil Abrahamsen, DNV bought Sesam in 1968 andenhanced the technology to be able to verify thestrength and safety of large ship and offshorestructures. The capacity of the computers at thattime was very limited, but the challenges to com-pute were big. The use of a multi-level superele-ment technique was a way of solving big problemson computers with limited capacity. The capacityof todays computers makes it possible to run

more exact calculations and investigate more

complex problems. Finite element analysis is now

an integrated part of the engineering process,and there is constant demand for more efficiencyand zero tolerance for failure. A closer integrationbetween computer-aided engineering (CAE)

and computer-aided design (CAD) is needed

to enhance both quality and efficiency, and ourcurrent development of Sesam is addressing

this challenge.

The turbulent financial world is affecting ourbusiness, so we need to adapt to the changed

world economy and market needs. Working closewith our customers has always been the strategy ofDNV Software, and it is more important than everto stick together and share knowledge. Our userconferences are an important arena for knowl-

edge sharing, and we hope you will take the time toattend one of them. The DNV Software Conferenceat Hvik this June will be followed by user confer-ences in Oslo, Paris, Houston, Philadelphia, Busan,Beijing, Singapore and Hyderabad.

Please visit our website www.dnvsoftware.comfor an update on user conferences, training andexhibitions.

Sesam 40 years of innovation

Offshore

Process

Ketil Aamnes,

global sales and

marketing director

yvindHagen/StatoilHydro


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CROSS INDUSTRY


CROSS INDUSTRY


Leading the

climate change

DNVs Environmental Performance System is used by customers in many industries; it is

as applicable for yards as it is for offshore operations.

The Nauticus Air and Nauticus Environment setups of the system specifically measure

operational impact from ships in operation, and are tailor-made for the maritime industry.

According to user feedback, the main advantages are the possibility of tailoring what

to measure to customer needs and also the simplicity in reporting. The companies that

measure environmental performance are aware of the environmental impact and riskstheir operation presents, and are better prepared to manage them.

Fred.Olsen Marine ServicesIn 2006, Fred.Olsen Marine Services need-ed a better system for following up the

impacts our operations would have on theenvironment. As part of this process, wefound that DNV Softwares system couldassist us in more clearly identifying ourenvironmental impacts.

Our main objective in using this systemis to regularly monitor emissions, and to

ultimately analyse trends and hence deter-mine what improvements need to be con-sidered.

In choosing the environmental perform-ance system Nauticus Environment, weplaced considerable emphasis on its user-

friendliness. The system is now in use on allour offshore units for registration of envi-ronmental measures, and we have receivedpositive feedback on its use.

The reporting solutions with the exportfunctions to Excel are now working satisfac-torily, providing us with sufficient informa-tion to meet current requirements.

Developments and improvements of the

system are announced and released regular-ly, and support from DNV Software hasbeen satisfactory.

The main advantage for us is being ableto monitor consumption and emissionsfrom our operation in a simple manner.

Thor Bj. Abrahamsen, quality & HSEsuperintendent, Fred.Olsen Marine Services AS

FACTS:Fred.Olsen Marine Services AS has a history of

innovation and long-term value creation, with

strong roots in the Norwegian maritime industry

dating back to 1848. The company manages the

technical operation of Fred.Olsen & Cos crudeoil tanker fleet.

STX Norway Offshore

STX Norway Offshore has used NauticusEnvironment for some years. It helps usregister, document and report environ-

mental factors. We are using the system atour five Norwegian shipyards and at theVietnam yard.

The focus on our environment hasincreased substantially in recent years; byregistering and documenting consump-tion, waste disposal and discharges fromour production, we can evaluate the yardsachievements on most important environ-mental indicators.

We have used Nauticus Environment inour work to keep environmental accounts.The gathering of all documentation hasgiven us a unique possibility to measure

the yards against each other and look attrend analyses and development. The sys-tem is useful for making our production

more environmentally friendly. An impor-tant feature of the system is its simplereporting function, which makes it easy

to compose a complete environmentalreport for the company.

Several elements of the system havebeen adjusted to meet our needs, and wehave had a good dialogue with and sup-port from DNV, both related to adjust-ments and to registering and reportingenvironmental factors.

Ronny Bjerknes, HSE&Q manager,STX Norway Offshore AS

FACTS:STX Europe is an international shipbuilding

group aiming to be the leading builder of cruiseand offshore vessels. The group has a strong

position in terms of developing state-of-the-art

concepts, technology, processes and products for

customers around the world.

DNV Flight Footprint TrackerDNV Softwares DNV Flight FootprintTracker, registering all air travel byDNVs employees worldwide, is a simpleand user-friendly tool. Creating anoverview of our environmental foot-

print due to air travel, it is instrumentalfor DNV when setting environmentaltargets and measuring performance.

Sverre Alvik, professional assistant toDNV CEO Henrik O. Madsen

WE doThrough the WE do initiative, DNVwants to help employees act in a moreenvironmentally friendly manner intheir daily lives. To achieve this, DNVwill partially finance personal environ-mental actions; up to NOK 10,000 perperson worldwide.

We wanted an easy-to-use applicationto handle applications, regulations andadministration, and we wanted a simpleuser interface, and thats what we got.

Particularly the user-friendliness and

clean design of the software was im-portant. Through a good dialogue,improvements and changes werehandled quickly and professionallyby the team from DNV Software.

This experience has contributedsignificantly to WE do being seen asa positive and hassle-free initiativefor all involved.

Kristian N. Linde,project manager, WE do

DNVs environmental effortDNVs vision is Global impact for a safe and sustainable future. In addition to the variety of servicessupporting this aim in all business areas, the DNV Board and top management have also promotedinitiatives to make the employees more conscious of their environmental footprint, both in business contextand privately. User-friendliness, a visually attractive interface, and simplicity have been in focus to promoteusage of the tools.


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MARITIME INDUSTRY


Intergraph will offerNauticus Early Design

Intergraph will now resell DNV Softwares Nauticus Early

Design software as part of its integrated SmartMarine

Enterprise solution to speed ship and offshore platformdesign. This will increase accuracy by seamless transition

from the conceptual design and rules calculation phase to

detailed and production design without having to remodel.

Nauticus Early Design based on Inter-graphs SmartMarine 3D developmentplatform with additional stringent DNVclassification rule calculations modules forthe marine industry is a complete pack-age for ship early design integrating 3DCAD and ship analysis systems.

It combines new-generation 3D model-

ling and drawing generation which areintegrated with the well-established analy-sis capabilities of Nauticus Hull for classrule check and finite element analysis,Sesam and GeniE. The systems advancedrule engine allows knowledge-basedmarine engineering, a high degree ofautomation and elimination of repetitivemodelling tasks which contribute to short-ened lead time and higher design quality.

Early design rule calculations are neededto receive class approval, signifying that theoffshore platform or ship construction pro-posed is of sound engineering and there-fore applicable for insurance purposes. Therules are based on more than 100 years ofexperience gathered by the class societies.

Leveraging Intergraphs advanceddevelopment platform, Nauticus Early

Design and SmartMarine 3D require nomanual interface, allowing users directtransition from conceptual design todetailed and production design, withouthaving to remodel; this ensures designconsistency and single entry of informa-tion.

Manual interfaces and remodellingrequire additional design time and con-tribute to errors. However, with NauticusEarly Design and SmartMarine 3D, cus-tomers can work with a single model.

Our rules calculation and analysismodules combined with Intergraphs

MARITIME INDUSTRY


About Intergraph

Intergraph is the leading global provider of

engineering and geospatial software that

enables customers to visualize complex data.

Businesses and governments in more than 60

countries rely on Intergraphs industry-specific

software to organize vast amounts of data

into understandable visual representations

and actionable intelligence. Intergraphs

software and services empower customers

to build and operate more efficient plants

and ships, create intelligent maps, and

protect critical infrastructure and millions

of people around the world.

Intergraph operates through two divisions:

Process, Power & Marine (PP&M) and Security,

Government & Infrastructure (SG&I).

Intergraph PP&M provides enterprise

engineering software for the design,

construction and operation of plants, ships

and offshore facilities. Intergraph SG&I

provides geospatially-powered solutions to

the defence and intelligence, public safety

and security, government, transportation,

photogrammetry, utilities, and communications

industries. For more information, visit

www.intergraph.com.

design platform provide an exceptionalarchitecture, enabling ship and marinedesigners to ensure safe designs with thespeed necessary to meet todays demand-ing production deadlines, says EllingRishoff, managing director, DNV Software.

Says Gerhard Sallinger, IntergraphProcess, Power & Marine president, Our

expanded alliance with DNV, one of theworlds leading class societies, continuesour commitment to our growing ship andoffshore customer base and to deliveringincreased productivity to provide our cus-tomers with a competitive edge.

Intergraph will offer Nauticus Early Designunder a reseller agreement with DNV Soft-ware, an original equipment manufacturer(OEM) for Intergraphs SmartMarine 3Ddesign software.

Author: David Jiffrion, Intergraph

INTEGRATED SMARTMARINE PLATFORMSPEEDS DESIGN PROCESS AND INCREASES ACCURACY


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DNV SOFTWARE NEWS 1 2009 98 DNV SOFTWARE NEWS 1 2009

Proper project control better business marginsDuring the recent shipbuilding boom, most shipbuilders have

been struggling with delivery capacity. The financial crisis has

proved a new era for most shipbuilders; efficient planning,

lean production and right projects will be crucial for healthybusiness margins.

DNV Software has developed Brix ProjectManager enabling yards to improve quali-ty, reduce overhead cost and increaseengineering productivity by utilising thepower of sharing Best Engineering Prac-tices in an efficient way throughout theorganisation.

Process templates and project templatesare the cornerstones of the solution. A pro-cess template defines a business process

with respect to activities, conditions, appli-cation integration and input/output.Process templates contain informationabout estimated man-hours and durationfor each activity, which is useful for initialplanning. Process templates can be added

at any time to the system and made avail-able to its users.

A project template defines a plan for agiven project type by defining the processtemplates such a project should handle.Different project types can be supportedby providing several project templates.After a plan is created, changes can bemade to suit the specific project.

The developed solution covers the follow-ing main functions:I Basic functionality for project planningI Execution of activities in work processesI Monitor progress of activities such as

deviation reportsI Managing drawings, comments and

correspondence.

A new building project cannot be coveredby a single plan. Brix Project Manager

enables a set of plans to interact within themain project, such as main schedule, pro-duction plan, inspection plan and test plan.

Within a plan the system provides sever-al perspectives, enabling the user to view

the plan according to for instance SFIstructure, Discipline, Work package orUnit. Different users work with different

perspectives; a single task can be displayedin one or several perspectives.

Plans can be created by using projecttemplates and process templates.

Author: Elling Rishoff

Brix Project ManagerProject planningA shipbuilding project requires several

project plans. Brix Project Manager

supports several types of plan, such asproduction plan, test plan, inspection

plan, or others.

The system enables different perspectives

or work breakdown structure for each

project plan, enabling the user to view

the planned activities i.e. by SFI structure,

by zone, discipline or work package. LEAN

planning principles are supported, enablingdetailed planning closer to delivery as

well as close follow-up on deviations

according to defined premises.

Comment handlingComments, with endless replies, can be

attached to any planned item or activity.

Comments have status and can be

followed up as tasks.

Document managementAll documents (files, drawings, emails) are

stored in the database and linked to

relevant activity or set of activities. The

internal DM system of Brix can be used or

integrated with a third-party DM tool.

Workflow

Comments and activities can be assignedto specific participants and included in

their work lists.

ERP integrationBrix Project Manager can be integrated

with a Enterprise Resource Management

(ERP) system, such as Multiplus, to secure

data quality.

MARITIME INDUSTRYMARITIME INDUSTRY

FKAB gives green lightto Nauticus YardPackageFKAB has been using Brix Project Manager in Nauticus Yard

Package in an internal start-up phase for the past six months.Now the company is expanding its use of the software.

Half a year from now, all ongoing proj-ects will be using it, says technical manag-er Stefan Johnsson at FKAB in Uddevalla,Sweden. When they all are, it will makethings even easier, he says of the productdocument management (PDM) system.

We use Nauticus Yard Package forcollaboration with our customers. Its anefficient way of making comments andapproving drawings, says Johnsson. Cus-tomers can always pick up the latest revi-sion of the drawings. We can also collectall documents and emails, in one commondatabase. Every comment is linked to one

document. The system is organised so thatall participants can see every commentfrom the others its an open way to seeall that is said, he says.

He emphasises the usefulness andefficiency of the system. When using

traditional email exchanges, there is no

common system for organising comments,answers, discussions, questions andapprovals.

Brings everything togetherThings tend to be forgotten and over-looked. Also, many items are addressed inthe same mail, says Johnsson. NauticusYard Package creates a system that bringsall documentation together in one place.Each comment have two status items; oneis for acceptance, the other is to remem-

ber whether or not the comment is caus-ing a change in the document. Often wewait for all participants approval before arevision is sent out; by the change requiredstatus it is easy to remember all partici-pants requests for changes.

On the next project you can followup. What did we discuss here? Its a wayto remember detail design and actualconstruction.

Its also an important tool for keepingtrack of which comments relate to exactlywhich revision this has previously notbeen an easy task.

Johnsson has been working closelywithDNV Software and principal software

architect Benedikte Harstad Kallk to givefeedback during the development of thesoftware.

Weve had tight contact with Benediktefrom the beginning, says Johnsson.Werealways improving the software for what weneed. After a while, you find new things

you can make use of by small changes.Were starting to use all parts of the pro-

gram. Johnsson has been with FKAB for25 years.

Competitive advantageFKAB is the largest ship design and ship-building consultancy in Sweden, and

employs 120 engineers. It has offices in

Uddevalla and Gothenburg in Sweden,and in Dalian and Shanghai in China.

FKAB offers all types of building and engi-neering services related to ships and othermaritime applications. And with the use ofNauticus Yard Package, the company hassecured an important advantage.

A lot of shipowners have requested thistype of product, says Stefan Johnsson.

Author: Kaia Means, MediaMix

A ship design project includes

thousands of mails, comments,documents, revisions and

approvals from owners, yards,

designers, class societies and

authorities.

Brix Project Manager keeps

track of all this in a database

open to all participants. It will

ensure the quality and

efficiency of our project

leader's administrative work

so that he/she can focus more

on the design itself.

Stefan Johnsson,

technical manager, FKAB

Technical manager Stefan Johnsson at FKAB

in Uddevalla, Sweden


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MARITIME INDUSTRY


Ulstein gives Nauticus YardPackage thumbs upUlstein Verft AS started using Brix Project Manager in Nauticus Yard Package on a proof of

concept basis this spring, and by the end of the summer the plan is to start running a full

stability and testing phase.

Were very satisfied, says Ulstein Verftsmanager planning department RunarArne Toftesund. Were leaving behind away of working that involved various Exceldocuments, emails and other forms ofcommunication. Until now, we havent

had a comprehensive strategy for this.In the beginning, well be using it as a

tool for project coordination, enabling usto control the whole shipbuilding phase.Later on we also intend to use it for plan-ning the outfitting phase. But we need tomake some improvements first, he says.

For DNV Software, the customer satisfac-tion of a major player and innovator in theindustry, such as Ulstein, is a key objective.

Expansion on the horizonAt first, Ulstein Verft AS will be the onlyuser of the system within Ulstein Group.

Our goal is eventually to use it through-out the group, says Toftesund.

Its been very exciting to work withDNV Software. Theyre always solution-ori-ented, and come up with good sugges-tions. Theyve been a great partner in dis-

cussions and debates. Thats important.And theyre very easy to work with.

In addition to controlling projects attheir own yard, the system is set up so thatUlstein Verft can keep track of outsourcedprojects such as hull construction, forexample at yards in Poland.

The system allows an oversight not pre-viously possible, looking at work to bedone with related information in variousways, some of which were not previouslyeasily manageable, for example by time-line, by zone of the ship, by discipline orSFI Group System, and various other ways.

It is even possible to easily look at infor-mation concerning several ships simulta-neously. Discipline plans, period plansand week plans are all extracted from thesame common source of data.

Tailor-made for maritimePreviously systems such as this have existedfor project planning, but until now, nonehave been so highly tailor-made for themaritime industry.

Were fairly alone in the market now,says DNV Software principal softwarearchitect Benedikte Harstad Kallk.

Ulstein Verft AS in Ulsteinvik, Norway,is one of the worlds foremost suppliers ofadvanced vessels, including anchor hand-ling tug supply vessels, platform supply

vessels and specialised and multifunctionalvessels. The company has given its employ-

ees constant updates on the status of theNauticus Yard Package roll-out through itsnewsletter. Employees are taking the chal-lenge of working together to enter a morestructured system that will make the entireshipbuilding process more efficient.

Nauticus Yard Package is fully integrat-ed with Ulsteins ERP system, Multiplus.It is important to be able to differentiatebetween accounting follow-up and projectfollow-up. As an example, remaining

hours are attained from the project follow-up level, and automatically show up in theaccounting table where they belong in theERP system. DNV Software has workedwith Multiplus in Sandefjord to achievethe integrated system.

Says Karsten Svik, managing director,Ulstein Verft: In order to have moreconsistent planning, it is vital that theprogress is known at all times in a project.Ulstein Verft has implemented the HEprinciples behind Last Planner in its pro-duction planning system, whereby theplanning windows are divided into threecategories; the long, the middle, and theshort perspective. To update plans consis-tently, the progress in each project mustbe real; updated and fresh.

This is one reason why Ulstein Verftis about to implement Nauticus Yard

Package to support better precision inreporting, thereby ensuring more consis-tent planning and better project execu-tion. The information from this systemcan also be abstracted and presented atan aggregated level to see all projects

across.


MARITIME INDUSTRY


Karsten Svik, managing director, Ulstein Verft

To update plans consistently, the progressin each project must be real; updated and fresh.This is one reason why Ulstein Verft is about to

implement Nauticus Yard Package.

Karsten Svik, managing director, Ulstein Verft


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Nauticus Hull can generate capacity modelsfor a complete model or for selected parts.Its a huge timesaver.

Torbjrn Lindemark,

Nauticus product manager,

DNV Software

MARITIME INDUSTRY


MARITIME INDUSTRY

Nauticus Hull for CSR BulkDNV Software is forging ahead at the front of the pack with Nauticus Hull. Our customers

can now enjoy the most efficient design and verification tool for CSR Bulk.

The support for Finite Element Analysis

(FEA) in particular has been radicallyimproved with an enhanced versionof GeniE and a new automatic codecheck. The overall goal of this NauticusHull upgrade has been to shorten thedesign loop, making the design processfaster, more transparent, and of higherquality.

With this new version of Nauticus Hullfor CSR Bulk, DNV Software hopes tostrengthen its reputation as a pioneeringleader in the market for strength assess-ment of marine structures in general andships in particular.

The latest round of improvements and

new features of Nauticus Hull include:I An improved graphical representation

of the entire vessel with compartmentsand cross sections

I A completely new, efficient and flexiblecompartment modeller

I An improved and highly flexible loaddefinition module integrated with thecompartment modeller

I A new cross section analysis and post-processing module for handling multi-ple Section Scantling analyses

I An automatic code check for yield andbuckling of plated structures in GeniE

I The import of relative deflections from

FEA results to fatigue strength calcula-tions of longitudinals at transverse bulk-heads

Design loop tightensThe overall goal is to make the designprocess shorter, with a higher degree ofquality. A key element is to shorten thedesign loop.

Key customers worldwide have provid-ed feedback and suggestions throughoutthe software development process. Wehave a strong focus on making it simplefor our customers to make design itera-

tions, says Torbjrn Lindemark, Nauticusproduct manager, DNV Software. This, inturn, means a shorter design lead time.

Nauticus Hull is the only software onthe market to offer concept modelling,enabling designers to include more infor-mation in a core model, which is usedlater for many different analyses, in addi-tion to post-processing and rule checks.Only the one model needs to be updatedto affect changes in all subsequent analy-ses, processing and rule checks. Capacity

models can be generated for the completemodel or for selected parts. Its a hugetimesaver, says Lindemark.

With GeniE, strength assessment canbe brought closer to the core designprocess.

The reporting and documentationfunctions in GeniE are in a class of theirown. The new automatic code check foryield and buckling of plated structuresstrengthens GeniEs position as the pre-ferred structural analysis tool. Featuresinclude checks against allowable stresslevels and buckling according to the

Common Structural Rules for Bulk Carri-ers. Along with the plate code check, thereport generator is also extended with atemplate tailored according to the CSRBulk requirements.

FasterIn Nauticus Hull, cross sections and com-partments are visualised in a graphicalmodel of the vessel. In addition to provid-ing immediate feedback on data input,the graphical presentation enables a quick

overview of the current status of model-ling and rule check analysis. The newcompartment modeller is designed tofacilitate efficient modelling and entryof compartment data and loads. SectionScantlings is used as a b asis for definingcross sections and transverse bulkheads.It provides a powerful tool for fast genera-tion of compartments in the cargo area.

In GeniE, it is now possible to run codechecking of both plated and frame typestructures. The buckling capacity model isautomatically generated with net scantlingsand panel geometry in agreement with the

detailed rule requirements, including com-plex non-rectangular plate panels, accord-ing to the CSR bulk requirements.

The code check results can be viewedgraphically or in table format. Detailedresults for each panel with intermediateresults are available. Panel settings can bealtered, and subsequent redesigns are easi-ly done. Several panel settings can bealtered for each run, such as settings forCorrection Factor, Panel Net Thickness,Panel Length/Breadth, and Rotation

Boundary for Panel Buckling.The GeniE report generator comes

with templates that easily generate reportsfor viewing in text or HTML format, as

a spreadsheet, or as a formatted report.Customisable filters limit the amount ofdata reported. Report settings can be saved,making it easy to recreate the same reportin another code checking run. All of theseimprovements add up to major time sav-ing and a better design process for thecustomer.




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Customersare alwaysrightIn Nauticus Early Design

2007.4, we have usedimplementation projects

where customers have

participated, giving feedback

resulting in specific

improvements.

To increase understanding with regards toHull Import and the Nauticus Early Designrequirements for import of surface patches,Intergraph and DNV Software have devel-oped tools and extended training in theactivity of importing hull forms intoNauticus Early Design.

Main enhancements in Nauticus EarlyDesign 2007.4I Based on SmartMarine 3D 2007.4I Upgraded to be fully compatible

with SmartMarineI Improved installation more

comprehensive/automatedI Integrated with Nauticus Hull of

January 2009I Updated GUI for FEA export for the

selection procedures. Default is transfer-ring the entire vessel; the user can easilyreduce this to apply to only the cargohold area, for example by selectinglimited planes

I Enhanced transfer of curved profilesand hull shape towards the extremitiesof a vessel

I User can select multiple drawings tobe updated.

The way forwardCustomer input will also play a major rolefor the Nauticus Early Design activities in2009, with special focus on the Drawing

Generation where customers have expresseda wish for expanded functionality. Currentlywe are undergoing a large upscale of thedrawing generation in close cooperationwith our customers.

Author: Rune Nysveen

MARITIME INDUSTRY


Smarter 3DpartnershipA strategic partnership between DNV Software

and Intergraph resulted in the time-savingapplication Nauticus Early Design, based

on Intergraphs SmartMarine 3D.

In early 2002, DNV Software and Inter-graph Corporation entered a strategicpartnership for the development of earlydesign marine analysis tools and a 3Ddevelopment framework.

Nauticus Early Design is one of theresults of this partnership; it is based onIntergraphs SmartMarine 3D engineer-ing solution. This 3D modelling tool usesSpatials 3D Acis as its modelling engine,well suited for developing applicationswith hybrid modelling capabilities.

SmartMarine 3D supports wireframe,surface, and solid modelling functionsand operations, and enables users tobegin modelling for early design activitiesand proceed through the entire engineer-ing design and production life cyclethrough a process of continual refinement

of the model.A key feature of SmartMarine 3D is its

ability to allow users to begin modellingwith an approximated hull form surfacedefinition and then replace the hull formwith a more accurate or refined surface atsome later stage of the design process.

An approximate hull form can be usedto quickly develop a model for biddingand/or estimating purposes; this samemodel could be refined through thereplacement of the hull form definitionwith a more accurate definition possiblyreflecting the results of modelling testing,

seakeeping ormotion analyses,or fairing later in thedesign cycle. This is done without havingto start a new model or lose the invest-ment made in the engineering design.

One of the first activities necessary forbeginning a marine design project is togenerate a model of the vessels hull form.Traditional approaches made use of 3Dwireframe definitions that fed analysistools based on numerical methods tointerpolate and calculate points andcurves on the hull form at locations otherthan the input wireframe data.

Next-generation products, like NauticusEarly Design and SmartMarine 3D, are

based on a 3D surface definition of thehull form that accurately and completely

defines its shape.These tools are based on an open

architecture that enables customers touse the naval architecture design toolof their choice rather than forcing themto adopt or use a new tool that is, itenables them to select the best tool fortheir organisation. While this approachoffers the most flexibility, it presents chal-lenges in that data comes in a wide varietyof flavours and from a wide variety ofsources e.g. naval architecture designfirms, model testing facilities, owners orshipyards.

To facilitate this process, a series ofguidelines and modelling approacheshas been developed to outline and sum-marise the requirements to be consid-ered when developing hull form modelsintended for use in Nauticus EarlyDesign and SmartMarine 3D. These aresummarised below:I Coordinate System must be right-hand-

ed can be either forward pointing oraft pointing

I Openings should not be modelled inthe hull form surface

I Model geometric tolerance 1x106

metres between adjacent patch edgesI Knuckles must only occur at patch

edgesI Recommended size is between two

and three Mbytes

Because of the variety of tools that can beused to define a hull form surface, anddue to the differences in their underlyingmathematical engines, DNV Software andIntergraph have developed tools andtraining materials specifically targeted athelping customers either develop the hullform models or check and validate themodels created by third-party tools orpartners.

Recently, DNV Software conducted auser workshop focused on understandingand streamlining the process of developing,

MARITIME INDUSTRY


ProductReleaseNauticus Early Design2007.4March 2009

The No.1 tool for initial,

contractual and early

design, improving

productivity and

quality.

validating, and importing the hull forminto Nauticus Early Design. Once thisprocess is defined and optimised to the

organisations workflows, the activity ofimporting hull forms becomes a pre-dictable, short-lived operation that allowsthe user to quickly move on to the tasks ofdeveloping the engineering model to feedthe analysis, estimating and planning activ-ities.

Anyone interested in more informationon this topic should contact DNV Softwareor Intergraph.

Author: Michael A. Polini,SmartMarine 3D product manager,Intergraph Process Power & Marine

Early Design model of UT755CD designed by

Rolls-Royce Marine. This is the next generation

of the all-time best selling Offshore Supply

Vessel UT755.

One of our key customers Rolls-Royce Marine hasplayed an important role in allocating improvementsimplemented in Nauticus Early Design.

Through testing and participation in pilot projects,it has given valuable input for further developmentof Nauticus Early Design.


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Nauticus Hullgets even betterThe latest release of Nauticus Hull includes significant

enhancements, such as import of hull form and import

of relative deflections for fatigue analysis of bulk carriers.

The release confirms the position of Nauticus Hull as theleading software for hull strength calculations.

Some of the improvements are:I Import of hull formI Support for the IACS unified require-

ments for polar shipsI Import of relative deflections from finite

element analysis for fatigue calculationof longitudinals according to CSR Bulk

I GeniE template for 1A1 loads

The new hull form import speeds model-ling of cross sections, as the frame profilecan be extracted at any position along thehull and serve as the basis for modellingof cross sections. The hull form importsupports the most common dxf formats,

and it has a built-in scaling functionalityand export of lines to HydroD.

Work efficiency is improved by theimport of relative displacements fromfinite element analysis for fatigue strengthcalculations of stiffener end connectionsat transverse bulkheads for CSR Bulk.

Nauticus Hull for CSR Bulk with GeniEas the tool for direct strength assessmentis the most comprehensive and efficientcalculation package in the market today.With GeniE, all information needed to

perform direct strength calculations as

defined by the class rules is gathered in

one concept model including gross scant-lings, corrosion additions, compartmentdata, loads and categorisation of structuralmembers. By keeping all information inone model, the scantling iteration andredesign capabilities in GeniE are unique.Combined with its strong 3D modellingenvironment, finite element analysis canbe performed faster than ever.

In this release of Nauticus Hull, theGeniE template is also made available forfinite element analysis according to theDNV 1A1 Rules, and it is planned to com-plete the GeniE interface with a templatefor CSR Tank by the end of 2009.

As in the offshore market, we want toposition GeniE as the obvious choice forall aspects of finite element analysis in themaritime industry. GeniE is a generic

finite element analysis tool and can beused for any FEA purpose. With its fast

modelling and the ease of making changesto a model, GeniE is by far the best toolfor finite element analysis during thedesign phase.

Author: Torbjrn Lindemark


ProductReleaseNauticus HullJanuary 2009

Combined with the

strong 3D modelling

environment in GeniE,

finite element analysis

can be performed faster

than ever.

Effective data capturevia services in the clouds

By providing software as a service over the Internet, with virtualisation and dynamic scalability,

users can access services on any Web-connected device, anytime and anywhere; this is denoted

services in the clouds. DNV Software has delivered several solutions hosted on the Internet;

Nauticus Air and Nauticus Environment are examples of Software as a Service (SaaS).

MARITIME INDUSTRY

SaaS is a model where an application isused as a service provided to customerson demand, reducing the up-front invest-ment by using a less costly subscriptionmodel. Hence, the licensing becomes avariable leasing fee rather than a largerfixed cost at the time of purchase.

SaaS is accessed remotely via the Web,with centralised functionality and featureupdating, and central hosting of thesolution by the service provider. Softwareoffered to many users, with few customi-sations, are SaaS candidates. Economies

of scale are obtained when the solutionis used by a high volume of users.

The concept of cloud computingincorporates technology trends such asSaaS and Platform as a Service (PaaS),where services provided rely on theInternet as the backbone for deliveringthe services.

Nauticus Air and Nauticus Environ-ment provide a solution for environmen-tal accounting and performance manage-ment. The idea is to capture data frommany sources and store them centrally;

users can then analyse and understandtrends in their data.

Since data are stored centrally, arange of possibilities will arise related tobenchmarking and analysis across indus-tries, customers, and customer assets. Byoffering software services in the clouds,they will be available for everyone con-nected, making it possible to get a high-er volume of users providing a criticalmass of data.

Author: Jon Petter Sefland


10/21

OFFSHORE INDUSTRY


CelebratingSesams first 40 yearsDNV Softwares revolutionary Sesam computer program for structural analysis was a vital key for

what turned out to be a rapid development of Norways offshore industry. It is 40 years sinceSESAM-69 was released.

Sesam contributed an enormous amountto the development of the Norwegian oilindustry, more than people realize, saysDNV Software managing director EllingRishoff. It was a small piece of the puzzle,but it was a very important piece.

The story of Sesam starts in 1956, whenprofessor Ray W. Clough of University ofCalifornia at Berkeley spent a sabbaticalyear at the Norwegian Ship Research Cen-tre in Trondheim. Clough was working ona new method for finding approximatesolutions of partial differential equationsand integral equations in the analysis of

structures, the finite element method(FEM). This was long before FEM was

generally viewed as an acceptable method,even before the term finite elementmethod was coined by Clough himself.

Cloughs visit was the beginning of alasting link between UC Berkeley and theNorwegian Institute of Technology (NTH).Visits to Norway by John H. Argyris ofUniversity of Stuttgart and Professor J.R.Pauling of University of California atBerkeley, both pioneers in FEM, also

helped in creating a FEM expertise atNTH and DNV.

DNV had been using FEM for a few yearswhen NTH student Pl Bergan attendedprofessor Ivar Holands first FEM class in1966. Before long he was working on a first,general-purpose finite element computerprogram for his dissertation. The program

was named Sesam. Bergan intended it tohave a wide span of practical applicationsthrough flexible input and output. The first

work was done on a Univac 1107 computerwith 64kb of memory.

PioneersUntil this time, ship design was based

primarily on empirical methods, andstrength calculations were done in ananalytical manner. But with the buildingof supertankers, designs were getting socomplicated that empirical methods wereinsufficient. DNV soon realised that itneeded a more powerful FEM programthan the ones being used. By 1968,Bergans work in Trondheim caught theeye of DNVs Trond Vahl, Eivald Rrenand CEO Egil Abrahamsen.

DNV, represented by Per Otto Aral dsen,bought Sesam from Bergan in 1968 forthe equivalent annual salary of a research

assistant, NOK 30,000 (roughly USD4,000). The purchase of Sesam provedto be a turning point for DNV, and alsofor the Norwegian shipping industry.

DNV immediately budgeted 36 man-years on the development of the program,an unprecedented effort at a time whenthe average project might have two orthree employees working on it. The DNVteam added the important multi-levelsuperelement technique to Sesam. It wasonly later that the explanation of thename Sesam was invented: SuperElementStructural Analysis Modules.

In 1969 the first version of the program,SESAM-69 was commercially released. Bythat time the American program Nastran,created with support from NASA, was alsoon the market. In the late 1960s Boeingused Nastran for an analysis with 64,000degrees of freedom. Most people in theindustry were impressed by that, until1970, when Per Otto Araldsen and EivaldRren attended an FEM seminar at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio, and pre-sented the most recent Sesam analysis.

MaritHommedal/StatoilHydro

Big size s mall brain! The Univac1108 is hoisted into DNV.

DNV invested heavily in desktopcomputing.

Laptop: Flexible work stat ion. Not if i cat ion on the spot.


11/21

structures such as the huge fixed Troll Aplatform (the largest structure moved byman) and Heidrun (the first concrete ten-sion-leg floating platform). Sesam becameestablished as the most comprehensivetool for design and analysis of offshoreapplications.

The development in the 1980s addedhydrodynamic analysis capabilities toSesam including transfer of hydrodynamicloads to the subsequent structural analysis.That version of Sesam also covered analy-sis of jacket structures, by far the mostcommon offshore platform. Sesam now

emerged as a fully general-purpose analy-sis tool for all kinds of offshore structures.

Forging ahead

In 1991 yet a development phase wasinitiated. We saw the need to create acompletely new architecture, says Sesamproduct manager Ole Jan Nekstad. Atour initiative, several oil and engineeringcompanies were asked to give input on,what the new generation of Sesam shouldlook like.

In 1994 the program developmentstarted, lasting until 1999. The goal was

to establish the analysis tool for the nextmillennium. The high-level concept mod-elling technique was introduced togetherwith a design-oriented and unified userinterface. Moreover, analysis features formooring systems and flexible risers wereadded to the already extensive range ofSesam analysis capabilities.

Since the turn of the century, the focushas been on strengthening GeniE as

Sesams new modeller and introducingthe new graphical user interface in thehydrodynamic programs HydroD andDeepC. Says Nekstad: The success of

GeniE, HydroD and DeepC also dependson the continuous enhancements of thecore Sesam programs such as Sestra andWadam. During the past two decades,Sesam has grown to become a worldwidesystem for strength assessment of offshoreand maritime structures we are proud tohave most of the key players in the indus-try as our customers.

Half a century of innovationToday, after more than 50 years of inno-vation, DNV is for the first time in a posi-tion where we use the same modeller for

offshore and maritime structures, saysElling Rishoff. Were using the samemodeller for tankers, semi-submersibles,jackets, topsides and FPSOs. This lets our

customers use their employees in a flexiblemanner between offshore and maritime.

As for the future development of Sesam,the plans are already taking shape. We willuse the strength of GeniE to become a seri-ous player in the jacket and modificationsmarket. We will improve our technologyso that our customers will be able to workon loads, response, panel and frame con-struction, all with a focus on sustainableengineering. This is where DNV Softwarewill be unique.

Another important focus area is thedevelopment of Proban integrated withGeniE providing a new era of construc-tion reliability, says Rishoff.

DNV Software will also open up systems,so that our computer-aided engineering(CAE) solutions will be easily integrated

with the computer-aided design (CAD)systems that are currently in use in themarine industry.

From the start in 1969, Sesam has grownto become a market leader and the pre-ferred structural design analysis tool formarine industry worldwide. Four decadesof innovation and proud service hasbrought Sesam and DNV to the forefrontof marine software development. We willcontinue this work and remain a leader oftechnological advancement, says Rishoff.


OFFSHORE INDUSTRY


SuperElementUsing SESAM-69, the Norwegians haddone an analysis of the oil tanker EssoNorway with 420,000 degrees of freedom,comparing the results with physical meas-urements.

All the FEM pioneers were there, says

Araldsen, noting that many of them werefrom Boeing. There wasnt a soul therefrom the maritime industry. They viewedus as slightly odd, he says. But when he

presented the analysis of a structure tentimes the size of their jumbo jets, it gottheir attention. They reacted with shock,says Araldsen. They thought we weremaking it up. They couldnt believe thatthis came from Norway, a very small

country.This was Sesams real b reakthrough.

Sesam used the SuperElement techniquethat was missing in Nastran. Although the

largest analyses today have up to eightmillion degrees of freedom, an analysisof close to half a million is still seen asfairly substantial. Almost four decades ago,it would take up to a couple of weeks toprocess to analyse half a million degreesof freedom. It was also necessary to ensure

that each superelement was analysed inless than twelve hours to process.

They couldnt take much longer thanthat, says Aanund Berdal, principal tech-nical support engineer. The computersback then used to crash on average everytwelve hours; if you had a superelementanalysis that took too long, chances areyou wouldnt get it through.

Sesam goes offshoreOn 23 December 1969, a new discoveryof oil and gas was announced in Norway;Ekofisk turned out to be the largest oil

field in the history of the North Sea.Sesam was exactly what was needed tobe able to design the required megastruc-tures. In the following years, Sesam

became the industry standard foranalysing offshore structures. The pro-gram was used on the Ekofisk tank and

several Condeep concrete platforms. Ofthe 30 concrete platforms in the NorthSea, nearly all have been analysed usingSesam.

In the late 1970s, it was clear that newdevelopments in engineering called fora completely new version of Sesam. Theoriginal program was retired; the newSesam saw the light of day in the early1980s. It introduced interactive graphicgeometry modelling with automatic finiteelement mesh generation, as well as inter-active graphic post-processing capabilities.This version was the one that was used on

OFFSHORE INDUSTRY


SESAM-69: The Finite Element Method (FEM) helps solve advanced mathematical problems with

limited computer capacity by use of the super-element technique.

Brevik FE model of Frigstad D90 Semi

Sesam proved to be the best solution for

designing the huge Condeep structures.

The Troll platform is the largest gravity-based

concrete structure ever to be built and

installed offshore.

Concrete gravity structure, built by Andoc for Shell and intended for the Dunlin Field in the North

Sea, being towed out from Rotterdam bound for Stord, Norway.


12/21

OFFSHORE INDUSTRY OFFSHORE INDUSTRY

DNV SOFTWARE NEWS 1 2009 2322 DNV SOFTWARE NEWS 1 2009

The first task is to assess the effect ofmodifications, for example a section typeor buckling length of those members thatdid not pass the code compliancy. This isa preliminary assessment, as the analysisresults are not updated during this pass.When a modification has been carried

out, GeniE will immediately show the newresults. Fig. 3 shows that the section typeshave been modified. In this case, fourattempts were made by the user untilsatisfactory results (yet preliminary) wereachieved. In previous versions of Sesam,a full re-run was required to gain suchresults. Hence, the saving of man-hoursis mainly done in this pass.

When all members show satisfactoryresults, a re-run must be carried out toensure that the code check is based onconsistent analysis results. This is very easyto do and consists of two single actions.

The first action is to commit thechanges to the concept model to be partof the analysis; this is done in one go. Thesecond action is to use the re-run func-tionality that will carry out the analysis aswell as to do the code check based on newanalysis results. The higher quality mainly

stems from this task, as GeniE will takecare of consistencies between manualupdates and the concept model andanalysis results.

The final step is to reproduce a report.This can also be done in a single action ifthe user wants to use the same report lay-out as in the initial code check. The abilityto re-use existing report layouts when themodel changes has reduced tediouslabour. In addition the quality of reports isimproved, as the content is automaticallyupdated and there are no possibilities ofuser errors when updating a report.

To concludeWe are confident that the new functionalityfor member redesign and design iterationswill significantly reduce labour for ourcustomers. The redesign functionality willbe launched at a course in Singapore, inthe first week of July. See our training

schedule on www.dnv.software.com formore details.

We will continue to focus on the effi-cient engineering of offshore structuresby simplifying multiple analyses, as wellas including the PULS plate code checkin the same manner as for beam codechecks. Having said that, the new func-tionality can certainly be used on relevantstructures in the maritime industry as longas they are code checked against the codesof practice we support.

Author: Ole Jan Nekstad

Efficient engineeringof offshore structuresA crucial success factor in offshore engineering is to predict the construction, installation andin-service costs as early as possible in the design process. The new functionality for efficient

member redesign and rapid design iterations will help engineers and their managers to meetthis goal.

Customers can expect to save a signifi-cant number of man-hours by using the

new capabilities in Sesam. A positive side

effect is higher qualitydue to the simplifi-cation of tedious and error-prone manualdesign iterations.

Industry challengesA typical challenge in the offshore engi-neering process is the need for commit-ting construction and installation costseven before detailed engineering hasbeen carried out. This means that thereis little room for influencing the finaldesign. Project managers are often con-cerned about the lead time from analysisstart to first results so that an initial materi-al take off (MTO) can be made. A typicalquestion is, How long does it take frommodelling to first code check result?

Depending on the complexity of astructure, the results processing (typicallymember code check) takes 4060% of theengineering project time. Design itera-tions are frequently carried out to see theeffect of changing section types (tubes orothers) or from modifying the str5uctureby inserting member stiffeners or endbrackets. Relevant questions raised byengineering managers are typically, Howfast can you determine new code checkresults without re-running the entireanalysis? and How long does it take to

re-run complete analysis and documentcode compliancy based on modificationsto the model?

Save man-hours and improve quality

The new functionalities for efficient mem-ber redesign (i.e. determine new codecheck results without updating analysisresults) and design iterations (i.e. updatemodel, re-run analysis and code checkruns) solve the above challenges with ease.It is a new functionality, but the develop-ment has been carried out i n close coopera-tion with key customers to ensure that thefunctionality is fit for purpose. In addition,

we have focused on engineering-basedreporting of beams and their r esults.

All in all, the new version of GeniE willguarantee a significant saving of man-

hours during design iterations, in additionto the already fast process from start ofmodelling to first assessment of codecompliancy. We are confident that thenew functionality will be highly welcomedby existing and potential Sesam users.

Member redesign and design iterationsMember redesign and design iterations

normally consist of three steps; prior tothese, a code check analysis has been car-ried out. Fig. 1 shows that two membershave failed and have utilisation factorsabove 1.0 (max value 1.88).

We are very pleased to participate in the developmentof the redesign feature to be launched in GeniE.

Gao Ming, lead structural engineer, Keppel Offshore and Marine.


The new and consistent code check results

based on the modifications in the redesign

phase max value 0,81

The user made four modification attempts of the section type during redesign ma x value 0,85

1. 2.

4.

A typical model and a graphic visualisation of initial code check results max value 1,88


13/21

OFFSHORE INDUSTRY


Extending the lifeexpectancyof offshore installations

DNV has developed routines

and software for ensuringlife extension of offshore

installations.

For some offshore fields it is

necessary to extend the life

expectancy by 50100%;it is vital to make sure that

installations can sustain

this extra time without

compromising on safety.

DNV has a lot of experience from inspec-tion and life cycle analysis of structures.Based on this knowledge, software has beendeveloped to manage and document neces-sary inspection tasks for oil and gas installa-tions. This software is already being used bya major operator in the North Sea.

Simplifying the planning phaseThe basis for the software is the need ofoperators to obtain a tool that can securethe existence of workflow, procedures andeasily accessible documentation in con-nection with inspection of steel struc-tures, states Yngve Rothschild, sales man-ager in DNV Software.

When planning inspection campaigns,elements are colour coded. The softwaredescribes each element of the substructure:I Grey no planned inspectionI Green inspections planned for the

next couple of yearsI Yellow planned inspections during

the present periodI Red overdue inspectionsI Blue missing or wrong data.

Status with documentationThe system can also display the status of

elements after completion of inspections.

The result is shown with colour codes.

In connection with inspections, one may

include information associated with eachelement damage reports, photos, draw-

ings, video or other data that may be ofimportance in documenting the type andextent of damage.

Most importantly, the persons respon-sible get a complete status of the structureand a basis for deciding necessaryactions, says Rothschild.

Emergency preparedness analysisof offshore substructuresThe system is adapted to cover emer-gency preparedness analysis of offshoresubstructures, explains Jan Egil Sberg.He is head of section of Platform

Technology, managing the group respon-sible for technical services for the petrole-um operators. In connection with undesir-able events and subsequent damages, it is

essential to decide whether they representa safety risk.

In cooperation with operators, DNVhas established a library with updated

analysis models of platforms which quicklymay be retrieved to analyse the situationand find the best solution, says Sberg.These models are also actively used toevaluate modifications and load alter-ations in connection with extended useof the platforms.

Author: Anders J. Steensen,Technical Review Weekly

OFFSHORE INDUSTRY


Sesam Structure Integrity was developed in Microsoft.NET and is adjustable to all types of

structures. It can contain images, audio reports, videos and written reports from inspections.

The system includes inspection plans and procedures.

Enabling efficientand quality-basedasset integrity

management

The solution is designed to manage thestructural integrity of offshore assets

through inspection management andanomaly recording. It is supported with

built-in workflows supporting consistentand quality-based reporting and subse-quent condition and integrity overviewsthat can be viewed at detail or aggregatedlevels. Colour code schemes are applied toeasily communicate the overall conditionof the asset, or to see to what extent workis executed according to set schedules.

Significant improvementsWith the latest release of Sesam StructureIntegrity, we have significantly improvedon the overall functionality and intro-duced new tools.

The software capabilities are now:I Asset repository including functional

asset hierarchy and support of 3D viewmodels

I Inspection management includinggeneration or import of inspectionprogrammes, planning, execution

and reporting of yearly inspection

campaigns supported extensivelywith various report templates, and

reporting of all findings and anomaliesI Condition and asset integrity status

shown at aggregated or detailed levelsI Ad-hoc reporting of findings not found

as a result of the yearly inspectionregime

I Brix Project Planner providing overviewof various projects initiated

I Document repositoryI Workflows supporting best practices

as well as ensuring consistent anduniform reporting enabling excellent

data qualityI Tailored reports according to the

customers specifications and needsI Administration tools providing user

management and configuration optionsI Import tool enabling bulk import of

inspections and documents

Continued developmentEven though the capabilities of the cur-rent version of Sesam Structure Integrityis excellent and greatly support the

inspection management and asset integrityof offshore structures, we will continue toinvest in adding new tools and functionality.

The biggest focus this year is to intro-duce the possibility of storing finite elementanalysis linked to change management. Asa result, the operator can check and ensure

that all relevant models are according tothe as-is situation, and in case of an emer-gency the analyses can be quickly accessedand re-run to verify the structural reservecapacity.

Author: Heidi Johansen

SolutionReleaseSesam Structure Integrity

February 2009

The most significant

update is the ability

to register findings and

anomalies outside of the

general inspection

management regime.

DNV has a lot of experience relating to inspection and life

cycle analysis of offshore structures. Based on this knowledge,

Sesam Structure Integrity was developed; the first official

version was released in 2005, and DNV Software has since

then continuously invested huge efforts in enhancing itscapabilities.



14/21

PROCESS INDUSTRY


Transport system in good shape

Were pleased to say that the overall find-ings of last years inspection programmesconfirm that our pipelines are in goodtechnical condition, reports Per AtleStrmme, vice president for the transportnetwork at Gassco. As operator, the com-pany is responsible for about 8,000 kilo-metres of pipelines with an estimatedvalue of NOK 160 billion if the system hadto be restored today.

Like the Norwegian Police SecurityService (PST), Mr Strmme uses the con-cept of threat pictures when explainingcondition management of the pipelines.

We use a risk-based methodology tounderstand which threat pictures wecould face, he explains. That might becorrosion, for instance; trawl damage, or

collisions with anchors of the kind whichdamaged the Kvitebjrn-Kollsnes gas line.

Programmes for both external andinternal inspection have been established.Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) areused to inspect underwater pipelines. Such

work includes identifying free spans whichare longer than the acceptance criteria.

Internal checks are conducted with theaid of pigs instrument packages whichdetect corrosion and measure wall thick-ness. On land, cathodic protection andthird-party activities such as excavation areamong the targets for inspection work.

Its also very important to monitorwhat goes into the pipelines, and controlroom staff play an important role in thatcontext, says Mr Strmme. Good controlof hydrogen sulphide and dew point forwater means that we dont need to carryout internal inspection as often as before.

All information from the inspections is

collected and summarised in the Orbit+Pipeline computer tool, which also includeshistorical and design data for the variouspipelines.

Together with suppliers and researchinstitutes, the industry has constantly im-proved its methods for design and condi-tion management of pipelines, observesMr Strmme. I dont know of anyone else

worldwide who is better equipped to identi-fy and reduce threat pictures for the tech-nical integrity of this type of pipeline.

By Gassco

FACTS:Gassco is the operator for the integrated system

for transporting gas from the Norwegian

continental shelf to other European countries.

This role confers overall responsibility for

running the infrastructure on behalf of the

owners.

www.gassco.no

Norwegian gas wouldnt reach Europe without pipelines, so it is reassuring to know that

health checks of these 20 or so arteries have yielded positive results.

Orbit+ Pipeline is DNV Softwares new generation software for

Pipeline Integrity Management, designed in close cooperation with

DNV Energy. Covering both offshore and onshore pipelines,

it is a fully multi-user and web-enabled system for pipeline data

management, risk assessment, inspection management and

aggregated management reporting.

Masterfile/Scanpix


15/21

PROCESS INDUSTRY


When looking at risks to people from gasexplosions, it is necessary to predict the

behaviour of the gas cloud, its interactionwith process plant, the probability it willignite, the overpressures generated if itdoes ignite, and the effects of these over-pressures on the population.

In Phast Risk, the calculation sequencein time is discharge, dispersion, ignition,explosion, damage and lethality. The workdescribed here focuses on the last threestages.

Two of the most widely used models forcalculating overpressure from gas explo-sions are the Multi-Energy Method andthe Baker-Strehlow-Tang Model (BST).

The former is preferred in Europe, whereit was developed as a more accurate alter-

native to the TNT-equivalence model pre-viously used for simplicity in QRA. The lat-ter, which relates overpressure to distancesfrom the explosion centre for differentequipment density, is the preferred modelfor the assessment of risks from explosionsin the Americas. Both models are beingincluded in an extension to Phast Risk.Since these models were first proposed,

a number of industry-funded initiatives

have been taken to improve their accura-cy and usability, the findings from w hich

also being taken account of in the soft-

ware.

A technical paper on this topic will bepublished at the Hazards XXI conference

in Manchester, 912 November. Due forcompletion at the end of 2009, this workwill be available in Phast Risk 6.6. Over-pressures are calculated using either

model, both of which take account ofsurrounding plant in line with a numberof industry guidelines. Risk calculationsalso take into account buildings and theprotection they offer their occupants.

Because of the complexity of real

process plants, it is not trivial to apply

these models to represent typical accidentscenarios. A particular issue is that differ-ent analysts may make different assump-

PROCESS INDUSTRY


tions and obtain different results. This hasled to research comparing the models withexperimental results and more rigorousmodels, such as CFD. From this research,guidance has been provided on how themodels should be applied to real plants.

Between 1993 and 1995, a joint industryproject sponsored by twelve organisationsprovided Guidance for the Application

of the Multi-Energy model, commonlyreferred to as the GAME project. This

research developed correlations for themaximum overpressures at the explosioncentre for different types of equipment.The estimated overpressures can then beused for consequence and risk calculations.

However, determining the parametersto be used for selecting the best correla-tion from the GAME project is not astraightforward task. Another joint indus-try project, sponsored by eleven organisa-tions, provided guidance on the practicalapplication of the GAME recommenda-tions to specific example scenarios. TheMulti-Energy results were compared with

detailed information provided by meas-urements and CFD predictions of theexplosion behaviour. This work was pub-lished in 1998 under the project acronymGAMES. In parallel with this project theDutch Yellow Book was updated, so someof the research and guidance was reflect-ed in the 1997 version of this document.

An important aspect of applying theMulti-Energy and BST models is determin-ing the location of explosion sources. This

is difficult if a flammable cloud engulfsareas of plant separated by open spaces.If the open spaces are sufficiently large,the explosion flame front will slow downsignificantly while travelling across them,and the explosion will develop multipleseparate pressure waves. However, if thespaces are small, the explosion should bemodelled as a single-pressure wave.

A third joint industry project, RIGOS,was funded to investigate this phenome-non. It included an experimental pro-gramme to provide insight into the influ-ence of separation distance between areas

of plant on the explosion behaviour.RIGOS made a number of recommenda-tions on critical separation ratios thatshould be used based on explosion over-pressure. These will be implemented inthe software.

Once the overpressure from an explo-sion has been predicted, one needs toassess the effects on the population. Con-verting harmful effects into rates of fatalityand injury is known as vulnerability mod-

elling; there are a number of publishedvulnerability models for explosion effects.These are used to calculate the probabilityof death based on the results of the explo-sion models described above.

A number of methods from publishedliterature are included in the software

which allow individual buildings to bedefined. This provides a much more accu-rate picture of the risks to persons insidebuildings.

Author: Nic Cavanagh

After the high-profile accidents at Buncefield and Texas City, risks from gas explosions have

been high on the agenda. The need for transparency is greater than ever; particular focushas been on occupied buildings and the protection they offer their occupants. The explosion

extension planned for Phast 6.6 provides new functionality supporting increased accuracy

and transparency.

Phast Riskwith new capabilities for assessing riskswithin occupied buildings

Gassco


16/21

The Performance Forecasting conceptand methodology has been developed toquantify the expected asset performancein terms of through-life production effi-ciency, maintenance requirements andoperating costs. This powerful tool pro-vides users with quantitative figures onan assets level of performance and how itwill change over its life cycle. This quanti-tative picture of performance is vital tosupport the project decision process.

Since the technology was introduced25 years ago, it has been tailored to:I The upstream oil and gas industry with

MarosI The downstream sector (refining, chem-

icals and petrochemicals) with Taro.

Predicting the performance of an up-stream or downstream asset is achievedby modelling it, taking into account allfactors that can potentially impact theproduction from that particular asset.This approach is based on Reliability,Availability and Maintainability (RAM)modelling but extended to include

operational strategies, logistics and costs.Because parameters can be easily changedin the model, the methodology is oftenused to analyse various design optionsand consequently to gain knowledge ofthe optimum asset configuration.

Both Maros and Taro use an event-driven algorithm to create life cycle sce-narios of the system under investigation,accounting for its reliability, maintainabili-ty and operating policies. The simulatorcontains a bespoke algorithm to analysehow the system performs for each sce-nario. The virtual plant model formedfrom the model data moves from onedistinct state to another, governed by theoccurrence of a sequence of events untilthe simulated time exceeds the specifieddesign life of the system being modelled.The Safeti Performance Forecasting toolscontain a very efficient and intelligentevent management algorithm carryingout appropriate actions in accordancewith the event sequences.

A distinct advantage of using perform-ance simulators is that the user gets atrue feel for the system being simulated,

and learns quickly about its good and

bad points. These may relate to thedesign itself or its associated operations.

Such insight helps the user improve the

system. Once a basic model is set up,design changes can be very quickly

assessed.

The proverbial question What happensif? can be answered. By studying per-

formance results and how they respond

to altering specific parameters in the

design or its logistics, it is possible to opti-

mise the system with respect to given con-straints.

Maros has now become one of the lead-ing advanced RAM simulation tools. Thesimulation technique is well established inthe upstream sector, and used by all majoroperators as part of newbuilding design orin evaluating existing mature assets. AMaros analysis can be performed at threestages of the asset life cycle feasibility,design, and operation.

There are a number of differencesbetween the two products driven by themarket needs. For example, Maros hasspecific upstream features such as the abil-ity to define well profiles and defined oil,water and gas handling rules. Maros is

characterized by converging flows into asingle branch, which differs significantlyfrom Taro where different products withdifferent yields are produced and can bestored or re-combined in various ways.Storage level management, flow routingwith feed prioritization, and logistics areall important features of Taro, which isdesigned to capture the complexity ofrefineries, chemical and petrochemicalplants. Having benefited from numerousdevelopments in recent years, Taro is nowa mature product with the ability to han-dle some bulk transport and logistics tasks.

However, the next challenge for DNVSoftware is to address emerging marketneeds for more complete integrated securi-ty of supply software. This has been identi-fied as an area of growth (e.g. LNG supply),

and DNV Software is well positioned todevelop a new additional application which

will combine most of the upstream capabili-ties of Maros with the capabilities of Taro.The new application will also receive sub-stantial enhancements in the area of trans-port and logistics. There is currently nosingle supply chain tool available on themarket; such an innovation will give DNVSoftware and its customers a leading edge

when moving into the integrated securityof the supply analysis market.

Author: Pascal Le Gal

PROCESS INDUSTRY


PROCESS INDUSTRY


Safeti Performance

ForecastingImproving production efficiently, safely and responsiblyAll existing assets and future developments must increase performance and reduce costs.Asset owners seek more effective methods for managing their assets. Safeti Performance

Forecasting enables customers to analyse and improve the production efficiency of assets,

safely and responsibly.

By including effects of often complex and interrelated parameters, a Safeti Performance Forecasting

analysis enables the user to build a quantitative picture of performance as outlined.

Reliability Equipment performance data (failure frequencies) System configuration

Maintainability Maintenance resources Shift constraints Mob delays Spares constraints

Availability Equipment /System uptime

Operability Plant interdependencies Plant re-start times Product/demand rates Stora ge size Tanker fleet and operation

Productivity Achieved productions Productio n losses Criticality Contract shortfalls Delayed cargoes

Unit Costs/Revenue Product price Manhour/spares costs Transport costs Discount rates

NPV Discounted Total Cashflow


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PROCESS INDUSTRY


Assessing risks fromhigh-pressure gas pipelinesThe Korea Gas Safety Corporation (KGS) has selected Phast Risk for assessment of risks from

high-pressure gas pipelines. It has found that QRA is one of the most useful techniques for

assessing risks from such pipelines and in developing a strategy for land use planning

guidelines in their vicinity.

KGS, originally founded as the High Pres-sure Gas Safety Institute, has devotedmore than 30 years to driving gas safetyculture and improving safety technology,to fulfill its mission of securing life andproperty from gas incidents. The majoractivities promoted by KGS to preventincidents include facility inspection, edu-cation and training, advertising and profil-

ing to foster a safety culture and exchangeof technical information internationallywith other gas-related organisations.

KGS recently conducted QuantitativeRisk Assessment (QRA) for the Koreannational natural gas transmission lineusing DNVs Phast Risk 6.54. A nationalaudit of major accident hazard facilties,carried out by the Board of Audit and

Inspection, found that risks from the high-pressure natural gas pipeline were increas-ing due to growing population resultingfrom development adjacent to the pipe-

line. As a result, KGS was asked to carryout a risk assessment.

The natural gas transmission line isoperated under 70 bar, and there wereno land use planning restrictions in placenear the pipeline. KGS decided to use ahybrid Route and Long Pipeline modelapproach after discussion with DNV inShanghai. Three representative releasecases were considered for each scenario;small leak, medium leak, and rupture,as well as flash fire and jet fire in conse-

quence modelling.For frequency analysis, KGS used pipe-

line reliability data from EGIG (EuropeanGas pipeline Incident data Group) due tothe scarcity of data available in Korea.

As a result of these Risk Assessments, andconsidering societal risk, the followingrecommendations have been made:I For a pipeline where the risk is greater

than the upper limit of the ALARP zonefrom F-N curves, the pipeline should berelocated since this level of risk is sociallyunacceptable.

I For a pipeline where the risk is withinthe ALARP zone, risk reduction meas-ures should be implemented such asperiodic inline inspection and aPipeline Integrity Management System

(PIMS) programme.I For a pipeline where the risk is broadly

acceptable and below the ALARP zone,no action is required.

For new pipelines, it was recommendedthat restrictions be applied to the installa-tion of high-pressure pipelines in populat-ed areas in accordance with the above rec-ommendations, and that QRA be used toassess these risks.

Author: Lee, Seung Kuk, manager, ProcessDiagnosis Department, KGS

PROCESS INDUSTRY


To support this task, there is a need forpredictive calculation of probabilitiesbased on actual statistics and state-of-the-art modelling of relevant failure modes tobe integrated into the Risk Framework.

The DNV Software program Probanwas designed to solve DNVs need for suchcalculation. It provides the system model-

ling and statistical modelling required. Ithas more than 20 standard distributiontypes, and permits correlation and extremevalue modelling. The user models the

required failure functions. A variety ofmethods, analytic methods as well as sam-pling methods provides analysis results interms of:I Probability/Reliability IndexI Crossing rateI First passage probabilityI DistributionI Importance of uncertaintyI Parametric sensitivity

A part of DNV Softwares R&D effort istherefore to provide integration of Probaninto the Risk Framework. As Proban wasdeveloped 20 years ago, the GUI and data-base technology employed is obsolete;a major revision was required. As theProban modelling and methodology isalready well developed, the focus of the

upgrade is on developing a new GUI, andto provide the program as a set of mod-ules making integration with applicationsoftware as simple as possible.

The tasks are as follows:I Implement Proban GUI and data

storage using .NET technologyI Provide the Proban computational

core as executablesI Provide distribution fit as a separate

programI Provide a protocol for easy communica-

tion with other software, XML.

The new GUI implements are:I Libraries for storage/reuse of

all modellingI Top-down modelling of events

and models (variables)I More intuitive inputI User-coded functions in GUII Configurable dialogues

I Results viewer as a separate module.

The new Proban adds value to the RiskFramework. The program may be refer-enced from any program implementingsoftware for reading to/from the protocolfile. It may similarly reference any packagefor function calculation by implementingsoftware for writing the function valueinto the protocol.

Proban will be a good choice for risk-and reliability-based application software.

Author: Lars Tvedt

R&D of Proban

on Risk FrameworkThere is an increasing focus on risk and reliability assessment to be the basis for design,

inspection and maintenance of engineered structures. As part of DNV Softwares strategic

R&D effort, the Risk Framework development aims at providing seamless integration for

software assisting Risk Based Inspection (RBI) programmes.

iStockphoto.com/MarkEvans


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HQCEC is a leading company with EPCcapability, integrating services includingengineering, procurement, constructionmanagement and commissioning super-vision.

Since 1998, HQCEC has ranked amongthe top 225 international contractors andtop 200 international design firms on a listpublished by the Engineering NewsRecord for six successive years. HQCECremains the only Chinese company toenjoy both honours simultaneously.

In March 2009, DNV Software deliveredon-site training for HQCEC on application

of Phast Risk within QRA in Beijing. DrDavid Worthington from DNV Softwaretrained 25 engineers from HQCEC for fivedays. HQCEC uses Phast Risk and Leak onprocess design, safety assessment and envi-ronmental effect analysis.

The course provides an overview of therisk management process from hazardidentification through to cost benefit

analysis, with hands-on exercises using

Phast Risk and Leak where appropriate.The course also provides basic introduc-

tions to HAZOP and Fault Tree analysisand how they may relate to QRA.

Worked examples were provided andtime was made available to discuss cus-tomer-specific problems. For HQCEC, thisincluded analysis of the risks on an LNGplant and how best to model potentialexplosions.

When assessing the risks to peopleindoors and outdoors from explosions dueto accidental releases of flammable materi-al, it is necessary to predict the:I Extent and movement of the vapour

cloud and its interaction with areas ofcongested obstructions

I Probability of ignition

I Overpressures generated if the cloud isignited while moving through a regionof congested obstructions

I Effects of the overpressure and impulseon people in the vicinity of the explo-sion, inside or outside various types ofbuilding.

The calculations sequence in time isdischarge, dispersion, ignition, explosion,damage and lethality. This particularcourse was delivered with Phast 6.54

which uses the Weikema Damage Zonemodel. Major improvements are in the

pipeline with version 6.6 of Phast Risk;they will be very relevant to the analysis ofLNG facilities. These improvements makeuse of the Multi-Energy model or theBaker Strehlow Tang model for the explo-sion strength and a selection of vulnerabil-ity models to calculate lethality or escala-tion.

HQCEC engineer Shu Xiao Qin praisesthe course. We found this training use-ful, he says. We learned a lot about thelogic behind the software system, which isvery beneficial.

Says Kevin Sun, DNV Software country

manager for Greater China: We treasurethose customers in China, such as HQCEC,who are determined to achieve interna-tional recognition. We will serve them withour advanced tools and give them full sup-port to achieve Best Engineering Practicein their design work.

This course complements the standardproduct training and advanced modules byproviding an overview of how all the ele-ments of QRA fit together and how to applythe tools to real and relevant problems.

Author: Tourie LV

PROCESS INDUSTRY


Customer satisfaction in ChinaSince 2007, a key user of DNV Softwares Safeti in mainland China has been Huan Qiu

Contracting & Engineering Corporation (HQCEC), an international engineering corporation

directly administered by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC).

Leakevaluating release frequenciesfor QRA analysis

Leak helps safety engineers evaluate release frequencies for

the purpose of Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) analysis,where the likelihood of equipment failure is combined with

the impact of the resulting hazard scenario to predict the

associated risk.

The frequencies are computed based onderived functions for different ranges ofleak sizes and different types of processequipment. Leak output is used as therequired event frequency input to theSafeti QRA analysis.

The functions in Leak are based on theHydrocarbon Release Database (HCRD),which is a compilation of historical datacollected by the UK Health and SafetyExecutive (HSE). HCRD is considered to

be one of the most comprehensive releasedatabases available, and thus a good esti-mate for various hazardous event frequen-cies. The relatively simple frequency calcu-lations can also multiply into a large andlabourious task in complex process plants;this is where Leak proves to be invaluable.

Leak 3.21 has been developed toresolve a small number of issues raised inversion 3.2. The main issue addressed onlycustomers with regional settings which usea comma instead of a dot as the decimalsymbol.

The features of interest in Leak 3.21(and Leak 3.2) are:

I A modified analytical function has beenimplemented together with revised coef-ficients.

I Users can choose between single andmultiple categories. In the case of multi-ple categories, the Leak frequency func-tion is calculated separately for differentscenarios which may have different con-sequences for the same hole size.

I The reports have been simplified topresent the relevant level of detail

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