Do Now1. Turn in Alien Invasion (staple sheets together)2. Get out Protein Synthesis HW3. Explain the difference between transcription and

translation. (Hint: Think about what is made)4. Explain difference between codon and

anticodon.After answering the above questions get out a piece

of scratch paper.

What is the protein for the DNA strand below?

TAATACAGGTTGCGTACT

AUUAUGUCCAACGCAUGA

MET SER ASN ALA STOP

TRANSCRIPTION

TRANSLATION

DNA

RNA

Protein Synthesis ReviewVideo

MutationsMutations

What is a mutation?

Change in the DNA nitrogen base

sequence of a gene

How do Mutations Occur?

Errors in DNA Replication

Replication

How do Mutations Occur?

Damaged DNA caused by

agents such as sunlight, smoke,

radiation

How do we get mutations????

Two ways to classify mutations

Acquired mutation

Get a mutation at some point in life.

Hint: Think of it like getting sick, but you

can’t get rid of it.

Two ways to classify mutations

Inherited mutation

Get a mutation from your

parents

Let’s practice protein synthesis with normal DNA

DNA: TAC AAC GTC ACC ATT

mRNA: AUG UUG CAG UGG UAA

Amino acid: Met Leu Gln Trp STOP

Category of Mutation: Point Change in one base of the DNA sequence.

Original: The fat cat ate the wee rat

Point mutation: The fat hat ate the wee rat

Example of Point Mutation: Sickle Cell Anemia

Sickle Cell Anemia: Point Mutation

Sickle Cell Anemia Story(Beginning to 3:00)

Category of Mutation: Frameshift Addition or deletion of a DNA base resulting

in a different sequence of DNA.

Original: The fat cat ate the wee rat

Frameshift mutation: The fat ata tet hew eer at

Example of Frameshift Mutation: Tay Sachs

Tay Sachs Symptoms: Video

Tay Sachs Disease: Frameshift Mutation

Type of Mutations: Missense Change in one base of the DNA sequence

which causes a change in amino acid.

Mutated Example of Missense

DNA: TAC AAG GTC ACC ATT

mRNA: AUG UUC CAG UGG UAA

Amino acid: Met Phe Gln Trp STOP

Type of Mutations: Nonsense Change in one base of the DNA sequence

which codes for a STOP codon

Mutated Example of Nonsense

DNA: TAC AAC GTC ACT ATT

mRNA: AUG UUG CAG UGA UAA

Amino acid: Met Phe Gln STOP

Type of Mutations: SilentChange in one base of the DNA sequence which

has no effect on the amino acid sequence

Mutated Example of Silent

DNA: TAC AAT GTC ACC ATT

mRNA: AUG UUA CAG UGG UAA

Amino acid: Met Leu Gln Trp STOP

Type of Mutations: InsertionAddition of one or more bases into a DNA

sequence

Mutated Example of Insertion

DNA: TAC AAC CGT CAC CAT T

mRNA: AUG UUG GCA GUG GUA A

Amino acid: Met Leu Gly Val Val

Type of Mutations: DeletionThe removal of one or more bases in DNA

Mutated Example of Deletion

DNA: TAC AAC GCA CCA TT

mRNA: AUG UUG CGA GGU AA

Amino acid: Met Leu Arg Gly

Blame it on DNA: Review Song