Do Now:• One result of the Crusades

was exposure to Muslim learning and exposure to the revival of the ancient works.

• What type of learning did the Greeks scholars promote?

• How might these teachings clash with the Church?

Do Now: Main Take Away! – W. Europeans exposed to works of the

ancients (b/c of the Muslims)– Greeks promoted logic/reason/science– Church promoted faith

* When the Classics are revived, reason (science) vs. Church becomes

an issue!!!

Remember! Not all of the Dark Ages was “dark”

• There was some education supported in monasteries

• There was increased trade and new business practices as a result of the agricultural and commercial revolution

• There was a growing middle class• In some countries, certain liberties

were written down (Magna Carta)

What new focuses in learning took place in the High Middle Ages?

• Promoted scholasticism: philosophy that used reason to support Christian beliefs– Ex. Thomas Aquinas was one of the most

famous philosophers• Adopted Arabic number system (easier)

– Solve this math problem: MCMLXXX + MMCCCLX

– Now solve this one: 1980 + 2360• What types of advancements do you think

happened in science (astrology, chemistry, etc)? • Not much…

What new focuses in learning took place in the High Middle Ages?

In order to better understand scholasticism, read an excerpt by Thomas Aquinas and answer the questions on the sheet.

Discuss/share with your partner

• How would you feel if I told you to read this IMPORTANT information and that it would vital to your life?! What’s the problem with this task?

Nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vitami ritrovai per una selva oscura,ché la diritta via era smarrita.

How did new ways of conveying literature help society advance?

• Writing started to appear in the vernacular of the everyday people, instead of Latin more people could learn!

• Dante Alighieri , who wrote Dante’s Inferno, was one of the most famous Italian poets who wrote in the vernacular

• How does one of the passage’s from Dante’s Inferno reinforce Christian values? (use the picture to help you!)

• Midway upon the journey of my life I found myself within a forest dark, For the straightforward pathway had been lost. –Dante’s Inferno

• It references the importance of living of life without sin so you don’t lose your way!

How did new architecture in the Middle Ages improve upon earlier styles and support the Church?

• In order to answer this question, we will be doing some art analysis!

• The two common styles of architecture were: Romanesque and Gothic

• As you see each picture, write down DIFFERENCES between the two styles

Romanesque Church: St. Filibert, France, 10c

Gothic Cathedral: Notre Dame, Paris, France

RomanesqueFloor Plan

Gothic Floor Plan

Interior of a RomanesqueCathedral

Interior of a Gothic Cathedral

Discuss with your partner!• What differences did you notice

between the two? • Which style seem more advanced?

Explain your reasoning!

RomanesqueCathedral

Architectural Style

Á Rounded Arches.Á Barrel vaults.Á Thick walls.Á Darker, simplistic

interiors.Á Small windows, usually at

the top of the wall.

Gothic CathedralArchitectural Style

Á Began in France in the 12c.Á Pointed arches.Á Flying buttresses. Á Stained glass windows.Á Elaborate, ornate interior.Á Taller, more airy lots of light.Á Lavish sculpture larger-than-

life.

St. Etienne, Bourges, late 12c

“Flying” Buttresses

Flying Buttress

Chartres Cathedral, Paris

Royal Portal

Jamb Figures

The “Pillar People”

Cathedral Gargoyles

Stained Glass Windows

Á For the glory of God.

Á For religiousinstructions.

Notre Dame Cathedral

The good, of course, is always beautiful, and the beautiful never lacks proportion. --- Plato

Rose Window Chartres Cathedral, Paris

Which Cathedral Style Is Which?

Summary Question• What are 3 ex’s that W. European society

started to advance (move away from the dark ages) in High Middle Ages (1000-1400)?

• How was the Church reinforced during this time? (3 reasons)

Summary Question: Answers• What are 3 ex’s that W. European society started to

advance (move away from the dark ages) in High Middle Ages (1000-1400)?– More open minded to reason (scholasticism help)– New leanings: math!– Able to write in the vernacular so many people can

start to write/understand writings• How was the Church reinforced during this time? (3

reasons)– Scholasticism helps promote Church and reason together– Literature emphasizes Christian values– Age of Cathedral building shows the grandeur of the religion;

windows depict bible scenes; people connect beauty with religion