The Aryan Caste System

Do-NowWe learned that the people of the Harappan civilization moved east towards the Ganges River. Other people, with different cultures, were already living in the area.

Do-Now

What do you think happened to these various cultures as they migrated?Ancient Indian CivilizationA New Culture ArisesAryans migrate into India from Central Asia

New beliefs, customs, and writing (Sanskrit).

Hinduism EmergesFirst Hindu temples 600 B.C.

Vedas: ancient scriptures of India

Caste system 500 B.C. closely linked to Hinduism

The Social OrderFour Varnas or social castes

Occupation and birth

No marrying or socializing outside of caste

Caste cannot be changedReincarnation Sub-castes JatisThe Social OrderDharma: the path one must follow to be a good person

the duty one has to perform

the law of ones being

-Mahatma Gandhi Caste SystemBrahmansKshatriyasVaisyasSudrasThe UntouchablesHigh priestsWarriors and rulersMerchants and landowners Laborers and artisansLowest classDo-NowThe person who is always involved in good deeds experiences [unending] divine happiness.Write this quote in your own words. What does it mean? What Hindu belief is it referring to? BrahmaThe Creator

Vishnu The Preserver

ShivaThe DestroyerA Blend of ReligionsBrahman:One single spiritual power

Monism: All things are god, god is all things Hindu Gods & GoddessesPolytheistic

Avatar: the representation of a Hindu god or goddess in human or animal form

Each god/goddess represents brahman in a different form The Teachings of HinduismSamsara: cycle/wheel of life, death, rebirth

Reincarnation: after death, the soul is reborn in a new body.

Karma: the Hindu belief in cause and effect

A Hindus DutiesDharma: the path one must follow to be a good person

Ahimsa: nonviolence; treat all things with respect

The Teachings of HinduismMoksha: release from samsara; ends the cycle of reincarnation How do you think a Hindu follower can achieve moksha?

Why would followers of Hinduism want to achieve moksha? Hindu WorshipPuja: the act of worship

Individual worship OR temple worship

Small room or altar

Image (icon) of god/goddess Recite prayersOfferings Ancient Hindu Altar

Hindu Altar

Hindu Holidays - Diwali

Goddess of Wealth, Prosperity and FortuneLakshmiDo-NowAfter reading the Buddhist folktale, The Steadfast Parrot, what are some words you would use to describe Buddhism?Buddhism

Buddhism

Chinese Laughing Buddha

Siddhartha Gautama

young Hindu princetried to understand the cause of sufferingtraveled & shared his knowledge for 45 years Beginning of the Religion

Basic Belief SystemGive up all selfish desires

Dhamma = the Truth

Follow the Eightfold Path

Be wiseBehave correctlyDevelop your mindBehave non-violently

Goal of LifeAchieve nirvana; a state of wisdom & peace

Release from cycle of reincarnation

Caste System Rejected the caste system

All people can pass on knowledge, not just priests

A persons position in life was not the result of a past life. The Eightfold Path Right Understanding Having faith in the Buddhist view of the universeRight Intention Making a commitment to practice Buddhism Right Speech Avoiding lies and mean or abusive speech

The Eightfold PathRight ActionNot taking life, not stealing, and not hurting others

Right LivelihoodRejecting jobs and occupations that conflict with Buddhist ideals

Right EffortAvoiding bad attitudes and developing good onesThe Eightfold PathRight MindfulnessBeing aware of ones own body, feelings, and thoughts

Right ConcentrationThinking deeply to find answers to problems Compare & Contrast Why do Hinduism and Buddhism share many similar beliefs?