dobbins opgw
TRANSCRIPT
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ADSS and OPGW Cable Installation
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Patrick Dobbins Director Technology Applications
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2
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Industry Standards
Structure Hardware
Cable Attachment Hardware ADSS
Cable Attachment Hardware OPGW
Installation Apparatus
OPGW Installation Methods
ADSS Installation Methods
Key Installation Issues
Agenda
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ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
IEEE 534 2003 Guide to Installation of OH
Transmission Line Conductors
IEEE 1138-2009 Standard for Testing andPerformance of Optical Ground Wire
(OPGW) for Use on Electric Utility Power
Lines
IEEE 1222 2011 Standard for Testing and
Performance for All-Dielectric Self-
Supporting (ADSS) Fiber Optic Cable forUse on Electric Utility Power Lines
IEEE 1591 2011 Standard for Testing and
Performance of Hardware for Optical Ground
Wire
Recognized as the best practices
Working groups from Power Engineering
Society
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Structure and Pole Line Attachment Hardware
For most distribution applications, 10M (5/8) pole mounting hardware isused (eye nuts, bolts, etc).
For transmission applications higher loads and tensions must beconsidered and appropriate hardware selected
Pole Line Hardware and Guying should be matched to a minimum offiber optic cable UTS or 2X maximum rated operating tension
(MRCL/MRDT).
Guying Rules same as for messenger supported cable or powerconductors.
Basic aerial line construction rules are applicable
Use company current safety rules on hardware standards
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OPGW Attachment Hardware
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Fiber Optic Cable Attachment Hardware ImportantConsiderations
OPGW and ADSS attachment hardware must be matched to aspecific cable type and manufacturer.
Cable diameter, cable design type, loading factors and cable UTS are
considered
Key element is the Maximum Rated Design Tension (MRDT) of
OPGW Cable or Maximum Rated Cable Load (MRCL) of ADSS cable.
Do not match based on diameter alone
Hardware must be certified by hardware and cable manufacturer asan integrated system
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OPGW Deadend Choices
Tension Points of segment
Used for wide angles, splice points, reelends, road, river, and railroad crossings.
Different choices available for differentOPGW cable designs
Hardware is matched to specific cabledesign
Cable Diameter
MRDT and UTS
Cable Construction Type
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OPGW Deadend Choices Formed Wire
Tension Points of segment
Used for wide angles, splicepoints, reel ends, road, river, andrailroad crossings.
Different choices available fordifferent OPGW cable designs
Hardware is matched to specificcable design
Cable Diameter
MRDT and UTS
Cable Construction Type
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Aluminum
ground
clamp
Reinforcing rods
Heliformed deadend
Aluminum
or copper
ground wire
FiberLign deadend
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OPT-GW Tangent/Suspension Choices
Hi-Bus Suspension
0 to 20 Line Angle
Slip rating to 20% for UTS under25Klbs
Can be configured with doubleyoke plate to 40
Hi-Bus Suspension
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Hi-Bus Trunion
0 to 20 Line Angle Slip rating to 20% for UTSunder 25Klbs Top Mount Style Superior Vibration Resistance
Hi-Bus Trunnion
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OPT-GW Suspension Choices
Single Mechanical Suspension
0 to 30 Line Angle Slip rating to 1500 lbs Vertical load at 25Klbs Suspension Mount Style
Single Suspension
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Double Suspension
Double Mechanical Suspension
31 to 60 Line Angle Slip rating to 3000 lbs Vertical load at 25Klbs Yoke Plate/Anchor Shackle
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OPT-GW Grounding Choices
Bonding Clamp
Grounding of OPT-GW at eachtower
Difference Grounding Harnessdepending on current carrying
requirements
Bonding Clamp
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OPT-GW Tower/Pole Guides
Tower/Pole Guide Clamp
Used at splice points Guides cables down structure Lattice steel structures or woodenpoles
Tower Guide Clamp
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Pole Guide Clamp
Used at splice points Guides cables down structure
Used on wooden poles
Wood Pole Clamp
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OPGW Vibration Dampers
Damper System
Used to control Aeolian Vibration Engineered to cable diameter,tension, and span
Software analysis program providesspecific recommendation of number of
dampers and locations
OPGW MFGR provides
recommendations
Stockbridge Damper
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Spiral Dampers
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ADSS Attachment Hardware
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Attachment Hardware Important Considerations
ADSS attachment hardware must be matched to a specific cable.
Cable diameter, jacket material and cable UTS are considered
Do not match based on diameter alone
Hardware must be certified by hardware and cable manufacturer
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ADSS Deadend Choices
Tension Points of segment
Also Temporary Tension Grips
Used for wide angles, splice points, reelends, road, river, and railroad crossings.
Torque-balanced design
Different choices available for differentADSS cable designs
Hardware is matched to specific cabledesign
Cable Diameter
MRCL and UTS
Jacket Type
Formed Wire Deadend
Mechanical Deadend
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Deadend Choices
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Mechanical Deadened
Medium length spans
Fast Installation
Limited tension applications
Standard PE Jackets Only
Formed Wire Deadends
Medium and long spans
Special designs
Higher tension applications
Standards and Tracking ResistantJackets
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Deadend Choices
Medium/Long Span Formed Wire DE
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Tangent/Suspension Choices
Tangents are used for span lengths< 600 feet (180 m) Heavy Loading to
1200 feet (365m) Light Loading,
angles < 22 degrees. (15 deg for
installation pulls)
Suspensions are used for
span lengths > 600 feet (180m), angles < 30 degrees.
Formed Wire Suspension
Tangent (Trunion)
Suspension
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EHV ADSS Corona Rings
For EHV ADSS Applications
Protects cable from discharge off ofFormed Wire Hardware
Under SRL layer of DE or SU units
Typical for applications above 230kV
Follow manufactures recommendation
Corona Ring
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Vibration Dampers
Aeolian Vibration Control Distribution Applications
Spiral Vibration Damper
Transmission Applications
Spiral Vibration Dampers
Stockbridge Dampers
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Stockbridge Vibration Dampers
ADSS in EHV (>230Kv)
environments may require
Stockbridge damper
Due to Tracking potential on
SVD Damper Solution must be engineered
by AFL
Damper must attach over
armor rods
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Cable Reel - Visual Inspection
Visually inspect all reels for any damage that may have occurred
during transit.
Be particularly alert for damage if:
A reel is laying flat on its side (flange).
Reels are stacked on top of each other.
Other freight is stacked on the reel.
Nails have been driven into the flange or lagging.
A reel flange is damaged or lagging is damaged.
The end seals of the cable have been removed or damaged, allowingpotential moisture ingress into the cable.
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Cable Preparation Prior to Install
The wood lagging or flexwrap should be thelast thing removed before installation.
The inside end tail should be loosened onthe reel prior to pulling.
This allows the inner layers of the reel to shift
and grow out if they need to.
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Installation Equipment
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Reel Stands
Reel stands are designed to be used with
tensioners to supply the necessary hold-back
tension to the cable
Reels are not designed to withstand the
forces developed by braking during high
tension stringing operations
Direct tension stringing from the
reel at cable installation stringing
tensions should not be attempted
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Bullwheel Characteristics
Recommended guidelines
Semicircular grooves with depths of 50% or morethan the cable diameter, and with a flare angle of5 to 15 from the vertical center line reference
The minimum radius at the bottom of the grooveshould be at least 35 times the diameter of thecable
Elastomer lined grooves or other smooth surfacefinish
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Puller Characteristics
The system should be capable of
maintaining a constant and even tension
Equipped with tension indicating and limiting
devices
Braking system to maintain a constant hold-back tension at various pulling speeds
Positive braking systems are required for
pullers and tensioners to maintain cable
tensions when pulling is stopped
Fail safe braking systems are recommended
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Travelers/Blocks
Lined Blocks Recommended
Large Diameter for:
First position after payoff
Final position before take-up
Heavy Angles (25 or greater)
Smaller Diameters
Tangent
12 minimum sheave diameter
At minimum, the first and lasttraveler should be grounded to the
structure
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SS O G C
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Running Ground
Safety device for personnelprotection
Protects personnel from induced
voltages and transients
Requited at pay-out and at take-uplocations
Must be tied to a made ground of
multiple grounding rods
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ADSS d OPGW C bl I t ll ti
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Sheave Groove Configuration
The minimum radius of the sheave groove (Rg) should be 55%
greater than the diameter of the cable
The minimum depth of the groove should be 25% greater than
the diameter of the cable
The sides of the groove should flare
between 15 to 20 from the vertical
ADSS and OPGW Cable Installationon Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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Bending Radius for Equipment/Hardware
Equipment/HW Diameter
(minimum)Bull Wheel 70 X cable OD
1st
and Last
Structure StringingBlock
40 X cable OD
Angle Structures
(> 20 )
Cable
Manufacturers
Recommendation
Tangent Structures
(< 20 )
Typically < 30 X
cable OD
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Pull Rope
Torque Balanced
High Dielectric
Low Elongation
High UTS
Abrasion Resistance
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Grips and Swivels
Rated for max pull tension
2 Stage Double weave to single
Double Clevis Swivel
Rated for Load
Non-Breakaway
NEVER use the wire mesh grip to
tension or to hold cable under
tension
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Anti-Rotation Device
The use of the ARD depends upon the construction of the cable.
This device is utilized to avoid cable twisting during the pullingoperation.
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Tension Hoist
Rated for 2 X max sag tension
Ratchet type
Easy release mechanism
Take up length appropriate for sagoperation
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OPT-GW Temporary Tension Device
Tension Grip is also called a
comealong or pocketbook grip
Specifically engineered to each cable
design
Maximum tension rating is 5000 lbs
If higher tension is required then two
grips can be used in tandum
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ADSS Temporary Tension Grip
Rated for 2 X max sag tension or
2500 lbs
Easy release mechanism
Used with thimble clevis in bail Alternative is to use a regular DE
temporary
Cannot be used on Tracking-
Resistant Jackets.
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ADSS Formed Wire FIT Tool
Used to properly install
formed wire deadends and
suspensions
Snaps armor rods into place
without damaging the cable
jacket
Screwdrivers/Pliers will cut
the jacket and lead to failure
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Dynamometer
Utilized for final tensioning process
Must be rated for 2X the maximumsagging tension
Typical accuracy is 0.5% of full
scale reading of dynamometer
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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OPT-GW Installation Process
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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Pre-Pull Checklist
Verify power system outage and key power company contacts for calloutages
Verify fiber integrity by testing reels and comparing to factory readings
Inspect pull location for best setup of payout end verses the pulling end orthe direction
Identify key concern areas such as heavy line angle changes, road
crossings or elevation changes Verity length of pull verse length of cable. Be sure to plan for extra needed
for payout and pulling set up location. Account for sag requirements.
Frame tower or pole attachment hardware ahead of pull
Set up all travelers on tower structures Verify communications of payout and pulling technicians
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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Installation Diagram
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
Pay-out end.
Pay-out in line with first two structures.
4 to 5 wraps on BW.
Reef per mfgr. Payout min.15 from BW.
3:1 lead-to-height ratio.
Breaking mechanism.
Proper traveler sizes.
ADR if required.
Take-up end.
Take-up in line with last two structures.
Low elongation pull rope or verifyintegrity of existing static wire.
3:1 lead-to-height ratio.
Aerial double clevis swivel (rated) andwire mesh grip.
Watch for bird cage.
Max pulling speed < 250 ft/min.
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OPT-GW Stationary Reel Method
Complete make-ready prior to pull
Poles framed
Trees trimmed
Hazards identified
Payout pull rope through travelers of entirereel segment (+6km)
Attach cable to pull rope with wire mesh gripand clevis swivel
Establish 3 to 1 set up on both ends (pay-out and take-up)
Set up in-line with first 2 and last 2 structure Load cable and pull rope, start pull process
Sag deadend segment to deadend segment
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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OPT-GW Helicopter Installations
Similar to Stationary Reel but no pull ropepayout
Complete make-ready prior to pull
Structures framed
Road crossings prepared
Attach cable to helicopter leader rope(150) with wire mesh grip and clevisswivel
Load cable and pull rope, start payoutprocess with Helicopter
Transfer at last structure to puller and pre-sag to maximum installation tension
Target sag deadend segment to deadendsegment
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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OPGW Sag and Tension Considerations
OPGW Sag and Tension
Catenary Curve Analytic Method
Base on AE value of compositecable
Commercial Software like SAG-
10 and PLSCAD
46
Key Input Parameters Diameter (in.)
Modulus (kpsi)
Weight (lbs/ft)
Maximum Rated Design Tension
(MRDT) (lbs) Rated Tensile Strength (RTS) (lbs)
Span ranges
Critical spans
SAG-10 Output
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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Sag and Tension Rules
Target Sag (visual sag method)
Establish Soft Side DE on first structure
Sag on worse case span of DE segment
Establish reference at frame location onboth critical structures
Measure down to installation sagrequirement
Flag both structures at sag height withvisible surveyor flagging
Tension DE segment while observing sagfrom one of the structures
As sag of span is in-line with both flags
the cable is at the prescribed sag. Deadend the segment
Tension Sag (measured sag method)
Establish Soft Side DE on first
structure Go to next deadend location on the
hard side deadend
Rig Temporary DE at 2X length of DEfrom DE structure.
Rig Dynamometer in line withtemporary DE and hoist
Tension segment to requited sagtension
Verify sag visually on critical spansegment
Deadend the segment
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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What Not to DoDuring OPGW Installation
1. Do not use a tensioner with undersized bull wheels.
2. Do not utilize tensioner bull wheels without neoprene lining.
3. Do not reeve OPGW on the tensioner bull wheels from the
wrong side.
4. Do not locate the reel of OPGW too far from the tensioner.
5. Do not allow the OPGW cable to sag down between the reel andthe tensioner.
6. Do not install or string fiber optic cable without good
communications.
7. Do not utilize travelers without neoprene groove lining.
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8. Do not install travelers on tangent structures with groove
diameter less than 30x the cable diameter
9. Do not install travelers on heavy angle structures with groove
diameters less than 40x the cable diameter.
10. Do not fail to install temporary grounding at the tensioner and
puller.
11. Do not fail to utilize the correct type and size of cable grips.
12. Do not fail to install clamping devices and permanent grounding
to the cable within 24 hours of sagging and dead-ending.
13. Do not fail to install vibration dampers within 24 hours of saggingand dead-ending the fiber optic cable.
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What Not to DoDuring OPGW Installation
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14. Do not fail to install temporary grounding on the cable if the pull
is left overnight without the installation of permanent grounds.15. Do not fail to check and/or test the ground resistance at the base
of each tower to ensure that it has a resistance at or below 10 to
15.
16. Do not fail to check the condition of the existing shield wire if youare planning to use the existing wire to pull in the cable.
17. Do not fail to test the fibers immediately before the reels of cable
are installed.
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What Not to DoDuring OPGW Installation
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ADSS Installation Process
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Pre-Pull Checklist
Verify power system outage and key power company contacts for calloutages
Verify fiber integrity by testing reels and comparing to factory readings
Inspect pull location for best setup of payout end verses the pulling end orthe direction
Identify key concern areas such as heavy line angle changes, roadcrossings or elevation changes
Verity length of pull verse length of cable. Be sure to plan for extra neededfor payout and pulling set up location. Account for sag requirements.
Frame tower or pole attachment hardware ahead of pull
Set up all travelers on tower structures
Verify communications of payout and pulling technicians
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
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Pay-out end.
Pay-out in line with first two
structures.
4 to 5 wraps on BW.
Payout min. 15 from BW.
3:1 lead-to-height ratio.
Breaking mechanism.
Proper traveler sizes.
Take-up end.
Take-up in line with last two
structures.
Low elongation pull rope.
3:1 lead-to-height ratio.
Aerial double clevis swivel (rated)
and wire mesh grip.
Flag pulling grip for twist.
Max pulling speed < 250 ft/min.53
Back Pull Method
on Aerial Power Transmission Facilities
ADSS Installation
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Need clear right-of-way with no obstructions.
Back tension control on payout for cable overrun.
Slack tension stringing method but maintain ground clearance.
Cable payout off top of reel.
3:1 lead-to-height ratio on payout.
In-line structures strung through tangent attachments (
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ADSS Helicopter Installations
Similar to Stationary Reel but no pull rope payout
Complete make-ready prior to pull
Structures framed Road crossings prepared
Attach cable to helicopter leader rope (150) withwire mesh grip and clevis swivel
Load cable and pull rope, start payout processwith Helicopter
Transfer at last structure to puller and pre-sag tomaximum installation tension
Target sag deadend segment to deadendsegment
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Sag and Tension Rules
Target Sag (visual sag method)
Establish Soft Side DE on first structure
Sag on worse case span of DE segment
Establish reference at frame location onboth critical structures
Measure down to installation sagrequirement
Flag both structures at sag height withvisible surveyor flagging
Tension DE segment while observing sagfrom one of the structures
As sag of span is in-line with both flagsthe cable is at the prescribed sag.
Deadend the segment
Tension Sag (measured sag method)
Establish Soft Side DE on firststructure
Go to next deadend location on thehard side deadend
Rig Temporary DE at 2X length of DEfrom DE structure.
Rig Dynamometer in line withtemporary DE and hoist
Tension segment to requited sagtension
Verify sag visually on critical spansegment
Deadend the segment
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ADSS Sag and Tension Considerations
57
Catenary curve analytic method of sage and tension analysis
SAG10 or PLS CAD inputs of AE Value
Diameter (in. or mm)
Modulus (kpsi)
Maximum rated cable load (MRCL)
Rated tensile strength (RTS)
Deadend segment span ranges
Critical span or longest span of segment
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What Not to DoDuring ADSS Installation
1. Do not use a tensioner with undersized bull wheels.2. Do not utilize tensioner bull wheels without neoprene lining.
3. Do not locate the reel of ADSS too far from the tensioner.
4. Do not allow the ADSS cable to sag down between the reel and
the tensioner when pulling.
5. Do not install or string fiber optic cable without good
communications.
6. Do not utilize travelers without neoprene groove lining.
58
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What Not to DoDuring ADSS Installation
7. Do not pull cable through tangent supports on line angles
greater than or equal to 15.
8. Do not install travelers on angle supports with groove diametersless than 40x the cable diameter.
9. Do not fail to install temporary grounding at the tensioner and
puller.
10. Do not fail to utilize the correct type and size of tensioning grips.
11. Do not fail to install vibration dampers within 24 hours of sagging
and dead-ending the fiber optic cable.
12. Do not fail to test the fibers immediately before the reels of cableare installed.
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Sheath Repair
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New Utility Training Courses
UTC FOP Level 1 Installers/Technicians
Two Day Class Day 1 Instruction, Day 2 SkillsLabs
Technicians and Supervisors
Installation, Testing and Maintaining
UTC FOP Level 2 Designer/Planner
One Day Class Instruction
Designer, Planners, Supervisors
Planning, System Design, Standards and Codes
UTC FOP Level 3 Advanced Designer
One Day Class Instruction
Advanced Network Designers
Advanced System Design, PMD, CD and DWDMNetworking
UTC Fiber Optic Professional (FOP) Certification Classes
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End of Presentation
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