documenting and promoting indigenous agricultural knowledge

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Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge and Climate Change Adaptation in Selected Areas in the Philippines: Towards Enhancing Community-Level Food Security Oscar B. Zamora, Lucille Elna P. de Guzman, Gloria Luz M. Nelson, Rosario V. Tatlonghari, Maria Victoria O. Espaldon, Joan Pauline P. Talubo and Ma. Rowena Beatriz Q. Inzon International Conference on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation for Food and Environmental Security 21-22 November 2012 , SEARCA, College, Los Banos, Laguna International Conference on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation for Food and Environmental Security 2012

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Page 1: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documenting and Promoting

Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

and Climate Change Adaptation in

Selected Areas in the Philippines:

Towards Enhancing Community-Level

Food Security

Oscar B. Zamora, Lucille Elna P. de Guzman,

Gloria Luz M. Nelson, Rosario V. Tatlonghari,

Maria Victoria O. Espaldon, Joan Pauline P. Talubo

and Ma. Rowena Beatriz Q. InzonInternational Conference on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation for Food and

Environmental Security 21-22 November 2012 , SEARCA, College, Los Banos, Laguna

International Conference on Climate Change Im

pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 2: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

International Conference on Climate Change Im

pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 3: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

International Conference on Climate Change Im

pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 4: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

OBSERVED CHANGES

IN CLIMATE

unpredictable onset of rainfall

increase/decrease in rainfall

frequency and intensity

increase in temperature

sea level rise

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 5: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

INDIGENOUS

AGRICULTURAL

KNOWLEDGE and

CLIMATE CHANGE

ADAPTATION STRATEGIES

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 6: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

HIGH LEVEL OF CROP

and LIVESTOCK DIVERSITY

rice

corn

banana

root crops (sweet potato, cassava, taro, purple yam, lesser yam)

coffee (robusta and excelsa)

vegetables

abaca (wild and domesticated)

fruit trees, coconut, etc.

swine, poultry, cow, water buffalo, horse, goat, duck, etc.

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 7: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

International Conference on Climate Change Im

pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 8: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

International Conference on Climate Change Im

pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 9: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

International Conference on Climate Change Im

pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 10: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

isolated (Batanes)

farms far from main roads (other IP groups)

no capital to buy inputs

deep understanding of natural processes

LOW DEPENDENCE

ON EXTERNAL INPUTS

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

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Page 11: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

LONGER

FALLOW

PERIOD

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

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Page 12: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

USE OF TRADITIONAL

VARIETIES

Purple yam– kalapuya, bisaya, galas, malagkit

Corn– tiniguib, senyorita, pilit, kiyabot

Rice– caporcas, sulig, malido, asuzena, putot, kapigsik,

tres marias

Fruit crops – chayi, payin, payakpak

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Page 13: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

INDIGENOUS

STORAGE

PRACTICES

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Page 14: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

RISK WARNING SIGNALS

a bird locally known as alimukon(Phapitreron leucotis), a white-eared brown

dove

timing of farming activities based on:

– wind pattern (e.g. Habagat)

– appearance of stars/constellations

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Page 15: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

LOCAL NAME MONTH OF

APPEARANCE

RELATED AGRICULTURAL

ACTIVITY

WESTERN

EQUIVALENT

Baha December to February start of kaingin or clearing of

forest

Taurus

Pandarawa January start of planning what kind of

crops to be planted and how

wide is the area to be planted

Pleiades

Balatik February start of planting and setting of

traps to protect the crops from

animals

Orion’s belt

Malihe March planting of rice, corn or

vegetables

Gibbang April and May end of planting season; signifies

rich harvest

Gemini

Malara May stop planting Canis Minor

Lepu late May time to clean or clear the fields

while waiting for harvest time

Aquila

Buwaya June start of the rainy season

The stars and constellations of the Matigsalug Manobo of Bukidnon according to their order of appearance in the night sky (Burgonio 2008; Pilarte 2011).

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

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OTHER

PRACTICES

organic farming

indigenous crop protection

adjustment of working hours in the field

free ranged animals

harvest of wild plants and animals from the

forest

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012

Page 17: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

OTHER

PRACTICES

Indigenous food preservation

rituals and belief in spirits

bayanihan

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

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Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

FUTURE…

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Page 19: Documenting and Promoting Indigenous Agricultural Knowledge

Indigenous adaptation strategies can

significantly contribute to existing body of

knowledge on building climate change-

resilient farming communities

Still need assistance especially during

extreme events like flooding, landslides,

drought, isolation, etc

need to continuously document, promote,

validate, and exchange indigenous

knowledge

Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

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Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

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Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge for Climate Change Adaptation CSC-CA, UP LB

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

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THANK YOU!

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pacts and Adaptation for Food and Environm

ental Security 2012