DOMESTIC HAZARDS AND

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Dr. SHIVANGI DIXIT

Accidents and injuries are common,especially

among children

aged 1-4 years of age

Accidents are happening that are usually unitended

and unforeseen

Accidents sometimes result from negligence

Predisposing factors to the causation of accidents

are of two types:

ENVIRONMENTALFACTORS

things in the child’s environment at home and

outdoor

CHILDHOOD FACTORS

normal curiosity,exploration nature and imitation of

a child ,a child still learning and has no experience

that can lead them into accidents

Falls

Cuts

Burns and scalds

Bites and stings

Poisoning

Inhalation of foreign bodies

Road traffic accidents

WHAT IS CHILDPROOFING?

Almost all injuries can be prevented

The act of making an environment or an object

relatively safe for children.

To reduce risk of injuries to a considerable level and

to offer safety solutions suiting the specific

requirements.

LET US EXPLORE THE HOME THROUGH A

CHILD’S EYE…

BABY CARE

Baby skin care

Toys/prams/bassinets/cribs

Baby food

Baby toiletries and diapers

Vaccines

Clothes and shoes

KITCHEN HAZARDS

• Burning Hazard: Stoves, ovens, microwave, pots or pans full of boiling water or hot food etc.

• Finger pinching: Drawers and cabinet doors

• Cuts or bruises: Sharp knives or other utensils

• Risk of fire/explosion: Unsafe handling of stove knobs by children

KITCHEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• Rotate the handles of pots and pans inside

• Keep matches, lighters, sharp objects and utensils out of reach of children

• Don't store heavy objects overhead

• Don't let children climb on kitchen counters, especially while you are cooking

• Plastic bags and cleaning liquids to be kept in a secure place

• Avoid table cloth and / or table mats

KITCHEN SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

While cooking place glasses,knives,hot food and

drinks away from the edges of counters

Once cooking is done do not leave hot

tawas,cooking pans on the platform

Do not leave hot oil within reach of children

Put your baby down before lifting any hot utensils

Do not let your child open containers with rice,flour

or beans

They can pose a chocking hazard

BATHROOM HAZARDS

• Drowning Hazard: Bath Tubs or Buckets

• Burning and Scald: hot water

• Poisoning: Detergents, soaps

BATHROOM SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Razors,scissors,nail cutter,blades,shall be kept in

cupboards

Unplug any appliance that creates heat and put them

away after each use to prevent burns and risk of shock

Keep cosmetics,mouth washes,cleaners,detergents

should be kept out of reach of children

Make sure the hot water tap is not open when the child

is around

Keep the floor dry to avoid slippagesoap,detergent can

make the floor slippery so wash it properly

Always stay with your child when in bathroom

BATHROOM SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

• Check the bath water before placing your child

• Keep toilet lids shut and use toilet locks

• Drain the tub immediately once bath is over

• Empty all buckets and containers after use and store them upside down

• Prepare yourself before heading into the bathroom

• Keep bathrooms doors closed when not in use

• Never leave electrical appliances plugged in near water

• No child should ever be left alone in the tub

• OUT OF SIGHT;OUT OF MIND

FALLS

Most common

Due to slippery floors,from the stairs,scattered toys

on the floor,unstable gait of the child

What to do?

Keep floors free of toys

Close supervision

Never leave babies unattended on high surfaces

Keep floor dry

Windows and doors must be locked

BURNS AND SCALDS

Sclads by hot water,burn by fire touching of hot

object

What to do?

Never hold a hot object and child at the same time

Ensure milk and food is at a reasonable

temperature before feeding

While cooking pay extra attention to the stove fire

and cooking utensil

Always test water temperature before bathing the

child

Matches and lighters should be placed out of reach

of children

All hot objects like iron containers with hot matter

must not be placed near the edge of the tables

Warn children never to play with fire

CHOCKING

Accidental swallowing of foreign

body,strangulation,covering of head by

blankets,accidental suffocation by pillow while baby

sleeps

What to do?

Choose toys appropriate to the age of children

Avoid toys with very small parts

Strings and plastic bags should be kept out of reach

of children

Instruct children not to play while eating

Never use pillow for baby under 1 yr of age

Do not use large or heavy blanket for covering a

child

Bucket filled with water must be covered and keep

children away from it

INHALATION /ASPIRATION OF FOREIGN BODIES

May cause obstruction of airway or GI tract

Causes inflammation and infection

Sharp objects such as pins,screws usually pass

through the GI tract

Removal of foreign bodies should be done by the

specialist

Do not force feed infants who are crying as that may

lead to inhaltion of liquid or solid food into their

airway

PREVENTION

Cut food into small pieces and then feed

Disccourage talking,laughing or playing while taking

meals

Keep small objects out of reach of children

HEIMLICH MANEUVER

1.see if your child can speak

2.look to see if the child is having trouble having

breathing

3.look for weak coughing

4.check for blue tinges

5.see if the child is conscious

STEPS… Bend the child over at the waist,place your hand under her

chest for support

Kneel on the floor

You can also place a child across your lap face down

Give 5 back blows with heel of the palm between the

shoulder blades

Place your fist above the childs navel

Pull upwards,4 times

POISONING

Food poisoning,accidental swallowing of

drugs,detergents,insecticides

What to do?

Keep medicines and chemicals out of sight and

reach of cildren

Small cells and batteries should be discarded

Keep nail paint,thinners,ointments bottles out of

reach of children

Lock up detergent

ANIMAL BITE,BEE STING ,SNAKE BITE

Dog/cat bite-wash the wound gently with

soap/detergent and water

Apply pressure with a clean towel to the bleeding

area

Keep the injury elevated above level of heart visit

the nearest hospital immediately

Take the vaccination-tetanus,rabipur

Apply antibiotic ointment

Keep the wound open

Bee sting-Remove the stinger.It should not be pulled out

but scrapped because that will avoid spreading of venom

Wash the area with cold water and soap

Antiseptic like dettol or savlon can be applied

Apply calamine lotion

Pain can be relieved by applying cold compress on the

spot for 15 mins

SNAKE BITE

Remain calm and reassure your child

Move the child to a nearby safe area,away from the

snake

Call fro emergency help immediately

Have your child lie down and try to stay still

Keep the bite area still and lower than the heart

Wash the area with soap & water

Remove all rings,bangles threads and tight clothing

Do not give anything to eat or drink

Do not suck out the poison

ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

Help them to navigate driveways,cars,roads and

car parks safely

Always holding your childs hand when he’s near

cars before moving a vehicle check theres no child

behind or in front of the vehicle

Never leave young children alon eto play near

parked or moving vehicles

Q.FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR DOMESTIC

ACCIDENTS IN CHILDREN?

Q.TYPES OF DOMESTIC ACCIDENTS

HOW TO TAKE CARE IN CASE BABY DIAPER

RASHES?

Q.7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN KITCHEN?

7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN BATHROOM?

STEPS OF HEIMLICH MANEUVER…

What to do in case of a dog bite?

What to do in case of a bee sting?

What to do in case of a snake bite?

Q.safety precautions to avoid road traffic

accidents?