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OUTLINESOUTLINES

What are modal verbs? When do we use modals? Special verbs and normal verbs. Examples. Review Exercise.

WHAT ARE MODAL VERBS?WHAT ARE MODAL VERBS?

Can Could

May Might

Shall Should

Will Would

Must Have to

Ought to Needn’t

In English language, a Modal “auxiliary” verb s are helping verbs. They can modify the grammatical mode of

a verb.

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WHEN DO WE USE MODALS? WHEN DO WE USE MODALS? 

To talk about:

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MODAL VERBS ARE SPECIAL VERBS MODAL VERBS ARE SPECIAL VERBS WHICH BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY FROM WHICH BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY FROM NORMAL VERBS. NORMAL VERBS.

1. Modal verbs do not take “-ed”, “-ing” or "-s“,

in the third person.

Examples:

He can speak Chinese. NOT He cans speak Chinese

She should be here by 9:00.

2. You use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past.

Examples:

He should not write horrible things about others.

They might not do well in the test.

3. Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses. Examples:He will can go by the car. Not Correct She musted study very hard. Not Correct

4. Modal verbs come before the subject in questions:example: "May I come to your house to visit your mother?”

5. Negative forms:Modal verbs have n't or not after them in the negative. example: "mustn't" - "needn't". there is no does/doesn’t

MODAL VERBS ARE SPECIAL VERBS MODAL VERBS ARE SPECIAL VERBS WHICH BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY FROM WHICH BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY FROM NORMAL VERBS. NORMAL VERBS.

REMEMBER:REMEMBER:

Modal Verbs do not normally have past forms. Could is used sometimes when talking about the past.

e.g - He could play football in his youth. (Ability) They do not have infinitives or – ing forms or –s at the

end. They are followed by an infinitive without to

e.g – “She might record it” NOT “She might to record it”.

They can be used with perfect infinitives to talk about the past.

e.g - We should have gone the other way Always use Modal + base for of the verb

EXERCISESEXERCISES

Find the write sentence:

It couldn’t start at 1:00pm.

Find expressions:

Obligation

Suggestion

Possibility

I have got to be at college by 8:00am.

Shall I help you.

Your wallet might be in the student services lost and found section.

She mights record it.

Is she going to be in the show next week?

I couldn’t to believe what he said. Not correctCorrect

Correct

Not correct

Exercise

http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal8.htm

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BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY

Fuchs, Marjorie, and Margaret Bonner. Focus on Grammar an Integrated Skills      Approach. New York: Pearson Education, Inc, 1995.

Hurst, Lilliam. "Modal Verbs." English Exercises Online . 29 Oct. 2006. 3 Oct.      2008 <http://wwwedu.ge.ch/cptic/prospective/projets/anglais/exercises/      welcome.html#int>.

Larsen-Freeman, Diane. Grammer Dimensions. Boston: Heinle & Heinle, 2000.

"Modal Verbs." Learn English. Aug. 2008. 3 Oct. 2008      <http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/verbmodal.htm>.

"Modal Verb Tutorial." Englishpage.com - Free Online English Lessons & ESL / EFL      Resources . Language Dynamics. 3 Oct. 2008 <http://www.englishpage.com/      modals/modalintro.html>.

Nelson. Grammar in Context. London: Hugh Gethin, 1992.

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