dorje pakmo

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10/15/13 Dorje Pakmo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vajravarahi 1/5 Part of a series on Tibetan Buddhism Portal Tibetan Buddhism Portal Vajrayana Buddhism V T E In Tibetan Buddhism, Dorje Pakmo (Tibetan: བསམ་ ང་ ་ཕག་མ ་ལ་། , Wylie: bsam-sding rdo-rje-phag-mo sprul- sku, ZYPY: Samding Dojêpagmo Zhügu, literally The Diamond Sow ; simplified Chinese: 桑顶多吉帕姆活佛 (多杰 帕嫫); traditional Chinese: 桑頂多吉帕姆活佛 (多傑帕嫫); pinyin: Duōjí Pàmǔ (Duōjié Pàmó); Sanskrit : Vajravārāhī ), [1] also known as Sera Kandro, is believed to be the reincarnation of the consort of the wrathful deity Demchok (Heruka). She is the highest female incarnation in Tibet [2] and the third highest-ranking person in the hierarchy after the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama. [3][4] She was listed among the highest-ranking reincarnations at the time of the Fifth Dalai Lama, recognized by the Tibetan government and acknowledged by the emperors of Qing China. [5] Contents [hide] 1 History and background 2 Lineage 3 Names 4 Places 5 Teachings related to Dorje Phagmo 6 Twelfth Samding Dorje Pakmo 7 Hats 8 See also 9 Further reading 10 Footnotes History and background [ edit ] Her seat, Samding (literally, 'the temple of soaring meditation') was in many ways unique in that about half of the inhabitants were monks and the other half were nuns, while the head of the monastery with all its branches was (and still is) a woman. [6] It is a Geluk Ani gompa (or nunnery) – which also housed some monks – and was built on a hill on a peninsula jutting into the sacred lake, Yamdrok Tso. The female tulku who was the abbess of Samding monastery, on the shores of theYamdrok Tso Lake, near Gyantse, Tibet was traditionally a nirmanakaya emanation of Vajravarahi (Tibetan: Dorje Phagmo). [7] Thelineage started in 15th century with the princess of Gungthang, Chokyi Dronma (Wylie: Chos-k yi sgron-me)(1422– 1455). [8] She became known as Samding Dorje Pagmo (Wylie: bSam- lding rDo-rje phag-mo) and began a line of femaletulkus, reincarnate lamas. She was a contemporary of Gendun Drup (1391–1474) and her teacher Bodong Panchen Chogley Namgyal also was one of his teachers. Charles Alfred Bell met the tulku in 1920 and took photographs of her, calling her Dorje Pamo in his book. [9][10] The current incarnation, the 12th of this line, [11] resides in Lhasa. [12] where she is known as Female Living Buddha Dorje Palma by the Chinese. [13] The present incarnation [i.e. in 1882] of the divine Dorje Phagmo is a lady of twenty-six, Nag-wang rinchen kunzag wangmo by name. She wears her hair long; her face is agreeable, her manner dignified, and somewhat resembling those of the Lhacham, though she is much less prepossessing than she. It is required of her that she never take Schools [show] Key concepts [show] Key figures [show] Practices and attainment [show] Major monasteries [show] Festivals [show] Texts [show] Art [show] History and overview [show]

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Dorje Pakmo

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Page 1: Dorje Pakmo

10/15/13 Dorje Pakmo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vajravarahi 1/5

Part of a series on

Tibetan Buddhism

Portal Tibetan Buddhism

Portal Vajrayana Buddhism

V T E

In Tibetan Buddhism, Dorje Pakmo (Tibetan:བསམ་�ངི་�་ོ�་ེཕག་མ་ོ�ལ་�།, Wylie: bsam-sding rdo-rje-phag-mo sprul-

sku, ZYPY: Samding Dojêpagmo Zhügu, literally The Diamond Sow;simplified Chinese: 桑顶多吉帕姆活佛 (多杰

帕嫫); traditional Chinese: 桑頂多吉帕姆活佛 (多傑帕嫫); pinyin: Duōjí Pàmǔ (Duōjié

Pàmó);Sanskrit: Vajravārāhī),[1] also known as Sera Kandro, is believed to be the reincarnation of the consort of the

wrathful deity Demchok (Heruka). She is the highest female incarnation in Tibet[2]and the third highest-ranking person

in the hierarchy after the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama.[3][4] She was listed among the highest-ranking

reincarnations at the time of the Fifth Dalai Lama, recognized by the Tibetan government and acknowledged by the

emperors ofQing China.[5]

Contents [hide]

1 History and background

2 Lineage

3 Names

4 Places

5 Teachings related to Dorje Phagmo

6 Twelfth Samding Dorje Pakmo

7 Hats

8 See also

9 Further reading

10 Footnotes

History and background [edit]

Her seat, Samding (literally, 'the temple of soaring meditation') was in

many ways unique in that about half of the inhabitants were monks and

the other half were nuns, while the head of the monastery with all its

branches was (and still is) a woman.[6] It is a Geluk Ani gompa (or

nunnery) – which also housed some monks – and was built on a hill on a

peninsula jutting into the sacred lake, Yamdrok Tso.

The female tulku who was the abbess ofSamding monastery, on the

shores of theYamdrok Tso Lake, near Gyantse, Tibet was traditionally

a nirmanakaya emanation ofVajravarahi (Tibetan: Dorje

Phagmo).[7] Thelineage started in 15th century with the princess

of Gungthang, Chokyi Dronma (Wylie: Chos-kyi sgron-me)(1422–

1455).[8] She became known as Samding Dorje Pagmo (Wylie:bSam-

lding rDo-rje phag-mo) and began a line of femaletulkus,

reincarnate lamas. She was a contemporary of Gendun Drup (1391–1474)

and her teacher Bodong Panchen Chogley Namgyal also was one of his

teachers. Charles Alfred Bell met the tulku in 1920 and took photographs

of her, calling her Dorje Pamo in his book.[9][10] The current incarnation,

the 12th of this line,[11] resides in Lhasa.[12] where she is known

as Female Living Buddha Dorje Palma by the Chinese.[13]

The present incarnation [i.e. in 1882] of the divine Dorje Phagmo is a

lady of twenty-six, Nag-wang rinchen kunzag wangmo by name. She

wears her hair long; her face is agreeable, her manner dignified, and

somewhat resembling those of the Lhacham, though she is much

less prepossessing than she. It is required of her that she never take

Schools [show]

Key concepts [show]

Key figures [show]

Practices and attainment [show]

Major monasteries [show]

Festivals [show]

Texts [show]

Art [show]

History and overview [show]

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her rest lying down; in the daytime she may recline on cushions or in a chair, but during the night she sits in the

position prescribed for meditation.

I learnt that the Dorje Phagmo, or the "Diamond Sow," is an incarnation of Dolma (Tara), the divine consort of

Shenrezig (Chenrezig). In days of old, before the time when the Buddha Gautama appeared, there was a hideous

monster called Matrankaru, who spread ruin and terror over all the world. He was the chief of all the legions of

demons, goblins, and other evil spirits; even the devils (raksha) of Ceylon had to become his subjects. He

subdued to his rule not only this world, but the eight planets, the twenty-four constellations, the eight Nagas, and

the gods. By his miraculous power he could lift Mount Ribab (Sumeru) on the end of his thumb.

Finally the Buddha and gods held council to compass about Matrankaru's destruction, and it was decided that

Shenrezig should take the form of Tamdrin ("Horse-neck"), and his consort, Dolma, that of Dorje Phagmo ("the

Diamond Sow"). When the two had assumed these forms they went to the summit of the Malaya mountains, and

Tamdrin neighed three times, to fill the demon with terror, and Dorje Phagmo grunted five times, to strike terror

into the heart of Matrankaru's wife, and soon both were lying prostrated at the feet of the two divinities. But their

lives were spared them, and Matrankaru became a devout follower of the Buddha, a defender of the faith (chos

gyong), and was given the name of Mahakala.

In 1716, when the Jungar invaders of Tibet came to Nangartse, their chief sent word to Samding to the Dorjo

Phagmo to appear before him, that he might see if she really had, as reported, a pig's head. A mild answer was

returned to him; but, incensed at her refusing to obey his summons, he tore down the walls of the monastery of

Samding, and broke into the sanctuary. He found it deserted, not a human being in it, only eighty pigs and as

many sows grunting in the congregation hall under the lead of a big sow, and he dared not sack a place belonging

to pigs.

When the Jungars had given up all idea of sacking Samding, suddenly the pigs disappeared to become venerable-

looking lamas and nuns, with the saintly Dorje Phagmo at their head. Filled with astonishment and veneration for

the sacred character of the lady abbess, the chief made immense presents to her lamasery."[14][15]

"Her monastery belongs to one of the red hat or unreformed orders, which are frowned on by the prevailing yellow-

hat hierarchy, but an exception has been made in her case, and she is treated with royal honors by the Lhasa

government, sharing with the Trashi- and Dalai-lamas the privilege of riding in a sedan-chair when she travels. She

is also exempt from the rule that all nuns must shave off their hair and is permitted to wear her hair long, but on

the other hand she is never permitted to assume a recumbent position. In the daytime she can sleep sitting up in

a chair, but the whole night she must spend in meditation in the rigorous position demanded in this practice."[16]

Samding gompa was destroyed after 1959 but is in the process of being restored.[17]

Lineage [edit]

The first Dorje Phagmo, Chokyi Dronma, was a princess of the then independent kingdom ofGungthang in

southwestern Tibet in the 15th century. She married into the royal family of the principality of Southern Lato that is

she married/was married to the prince of southern Lato (La stod lho) defined as a keen supporter of Bonpo

practices [18] – but, after the death of her only child, a daughter, she renounced her family and royal status to

become a Buddhist nuncirca 1442.[19]

She rapidly became famous as a dynamic and inspirational follower, possibly a tantricconsort (phyag rgya ma), of

three of the outstanding religious tantric masters of the era. She was also recognised as a master in her own right

and as the spiritual heir of her main teacher. She contributed to some of the most significant works of art,

architecture, and engineering of her time and had seminal influence in the development of printing. Furthermore,

she expressed a particular commitment toward women, promoting their education, establishing nunneries, and

even creating religious dances that included roles for them. Chokyi Dronma died at the age of thirty-three, leaving

a tangible mark on history not only through her own deeds but even more through what happened after her death:

her disciples searched for the girl in whom she had reincarnated and thus initiated a line of female incarnations

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that became the first and most famous in Tibet."[20]

Chokyi Dronma was a leading figure in the Tibetan Bodongpa tradition which gradually waned under Gelugpa rule, but

is being gradually restored today.[21] She died at the Manmogang Monastery in Tsari to the southeast of Dakpo, near

the Indian border, in 1455.[22] Diemberger also says that [..... "the Venerable Lady passed away into

the dak inis' heaven (khecara), her true home. She left her skull with special features as the wish-fulfilling gem of the

great meditation center of Tsagong. The great siddha [Thangtong Gyalpo] had said earlier, 'A skull with special

features will come to this sacred place, together with a mountain dweller from Ngari', and thus the prophecy had

come true, greatly enhancing the devotion of the Kongpopeople."][23]

According to Diemberger the second Dorje Phagmo was Kunga Sangmo (wylie: Kun dga' bzang mo) (1459–1502).

The ninth Dorje Phagmo -Choying Dechen Tshomo-, for example, became a renowned spiritual master not only for

Samding but also for the Nyingma tradition, discovered someterma and died at Samye. Her skull is still preserved

and worshipped as a holy relic in the Nyingmapa monastery on the island of Yumbudo in Yamdrok Tso Lake.[24]

In premodern Tibet, the successive incarnations of Dorje Pakmo were treated with royal privilege and, along with the

Dalai and Panchen Lamas, (and when they were in Tibet, the Chinese Ambans)[25] were permitted to travel by

palanquin or sedan chair. Unlike most other nuns, Dorje Pakmo was allowed to wear her hair long, but was never to

sleep lying down – in the day she could sleep sitting up in a chair, but was expected at night to remain in a

meditative position.[26]

The 12th Samding Dorje Pakmo Trülku is Dorje Pakmo Dêqên Qoizhoin Rinpoche, who was born in 1942.

Names [edit]

Diemberger writes: "Three names in particular frame her identity according to a classical Tibetan threefold model: as

a royal princess she was called Queen of the Jewel (Konchog Gyalmo), her 'outer' name; when she took her vows

she became known as Lamp of the Doctrine (Chokyi Dronma), her 'inner' name; as a divine incarnation she was

called Thunderbolt Female Pig (Dorje Phagmo), her 'secret' name." The wylie transliteration is given by Diemberger

as Chos kyi sgron me.[27]

Also: "The princess's three main names seem to refer to three distinct modes of manifesting herself in different

contexts: Konchog Gyalmo (Queen of the Jewel), her birth name; Chokyi Dronma (Lamp of the Dharma), the name

she was given when she was ordained as a novice; and Dorje Phagmo (Vajravarahi), the name attributed to her when

she was revealed as an emanation of this deity.[28]

In an introductory letter, written by Thangtong Gyalpo before she departed from Northern Lato in 1454, he presented

her like following: "Now there is a lady who stems from the royal lineage of the Gods of Clear Light ('Od gsal lha) who

is devoted to spiritual liberation and to the benefit of all living beings. Her outer name is Lady Queen of the Jewel

(bDag mo dKon mchog rgyal mo); her inner name is Female Teacher Lamp of the Doctrine (sLob dpon ma Chos kyi

sgron ma); her secret name is Vajravarahi (rDo rje phag mo). Her residence is undefined." [29]

Places [edit]

According to TBRC his Seat was yar 'brog bsam sdings,[30] a monastery connected to the tradition of the bo dong

pa.[31] IT says: "the incarnates of this monastery were the bsam sdings rdo rje phag mo and the reembodiment of ras

chen dpal 'byor bzang po gu bkra'i chos 'byung."

Teachings related to Dorje Phagmo [edit]

Jomo Menmo Pema Tsokyi (Jom-mo sMan-mo Padma mTsho-sKyid) [32][33] was born in the Earth Male monkey year

(1248 CE) and passed into the sky-dimension in 1283 CE. Yeshé Tsogyel is reported to have said about her: "An

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Vajravarahi mandala

activity emanation of my speech will appear inTsang and she will be

known as Jomo Menmo." She was born in the magical vicinity of the cave

in which both Padmasambhava and Yeshe Tsogyel once stayed. The

place was called Zarmolungwhich was located in an area of Tibet called E-

yul, which means 'primordial-awareness country'. One day Jomo Menmo

found herself standing in front of the entrance to a secret cave in the

mountain side. She entered the cave immediately and with a sense of

keen enthusiasm. Once inside the cave a Vision unfolded in which Yeshe

Tsogyel manifested in a phantasmagorical variety of guises. These

Visions melted into each other until they coalesced into the form of

Yeshe Tsogyel as Dorje Phagmo. Dorje Phagmo is the ecstatically fierce

Dakini, whose head is surmounted by the head of a sow whose screech

shatters illusion. The sound of the screech obliterates all concepts and

sharply confides the direct meaning or ro-chig—the one taste of

Emptiness and Form. At the moment in which she apprehended Yeshe

Tsogyel as Dorje Phagmo, a complete body of teaching was revealed to

her. She understood its meaning in the instant of its appearance. This

teaching named itself as 'The Gathered Secrets of Sky dancers'. She

realized this teaching was something that she should practice in complete

secrecy until its results were obtained. She knew immediately that there

would be no obstacle to her fulfilment of these practices. With the arising

of this knowledge the Vision of Dorje Phagmo dissolved into Cho-nyi (Chos-nyid—Dharmata, the Space of

reality).[34] According to the information given by The Website of the Dharma Fellowship of His Holiness the Gyalwa

Karmapa Jomo Menmo was born as a karmic emanation of Yeshe Tsogyal.[35]

The lifestory of A-YU KHA'DRO (Tsewang Dorje Paldron 1839–1953) refers to the teachings of Khadro Sangwa

Kundu, declared to be a gongter of Jamyang Khentse Wangpo and in fn6 explained to be the teaching given to Jomo

Memo (1248–83) by Dorje Phagmo in the cave of Padma Sambhava. (See Dargyay, The Rise of Esoteric Buddhism

in Tibet, p. 119, and biography of Jomo Memo, pp. 291–4.) This text was lost and it was not until the nineteenth

century that Jamyang Khentse Wongpo discovered it as a gongter, that the teaching was available again. The text is

referred to from here on in its abbreviated form, Khadro Sangdu (mKha' 'gro gSang 'dus). It is a great series of

teachings on Vajra Varahi, some say a Mother Tantra, associated with the four actions or trinlay ('phrin las): calming,

enriching, overawing, and destroying.[36]

Twelfth Samding Dorje Pakmo [edit]

The twelfth Samding Dorje Pakmo was very young at the time of the Chinese occupation, but her exact date of birth

is contested, some people claiming she was born a year before the death of the previous incarnation (and therefore

cannot be the true reincarnation).[37]

However, she was recognised by the present 14th Dalai Lama as a true incarnation and served as a vice president of

the Buddhist Association in 1956 while he was president, and the 10th Panchen Lama also a vice president. She

went to Lhasa in 1958 and received the empowerment of Yamantaka from the Dalai Lama and the empowerment

of Vajrayogini from the Dalai Lama's tutor, Trijang Rinpoche.[38]

She was trained in the Bodongpa tradition but remains the head of the Samding Monasterywhile also holding the post

of a high government cadre in the Tibet Autonomous Region. She has, as a result, been accused by many of

"collaborating" with the Chinese.[39][40]

After the 2008 Tibetan unrest and prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Xinhua, the Chinese official

government news agency, said that the twelfth Samding Dorje Phagmo, who is also the vice-chairwoman of the

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standing committee of the Tibetan Autonomous Regional People's Congress, was quoted saying that, "The sins of

the Dalai Lama and his followers seriously violate the basic teachings and precepts of Buddhism and seriously

damage traditional Tibetan Buddhism's normal order and good reputation." She reportedly told Xinhua that, "Old Tibet

was dark and cruel, the serfs lived worse than horses and cattle."[41]

According to Diemberger there also is a Dorje Phagmo line in Bhutan. She writes: Currently there is a Dorje Phagmo

Tulku in Bhutan who was recognized by the Sakya Lama Rikey Jatrel, considered an incarnation of Thangtong

Gyalpo (1385–1464 or 1361–1485). The Dorje Phagmo is currently a member of the monastic community of

the Thangtong Dewachennunnery at Zilingkha in Thimphu, which follows the Nyingma and the Shangpa

Kagyutradition.,[42][43]

Hats [edit]

The distinctive black hat of the Samding Dorje Phagmo, which can be seen in both ancient and modern mural

paintings and in photographs of the later reincarnations, is very similar to that of the Karmapa [44] and is linked to

the dakinis and Khandro Yeshe Tshogyal in particular.[45]