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1. Attendance2. Collect anything3. New Notes4. Worksheet
Friday, April 27
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Rocks break when exposed to the air, water
and living things.
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Softer rocks break first.
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Limestone headstones weather relatively quickly.
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Frost Action-water - freezes in cracks and expands.
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Potholes get bigger because of frost action.
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Roots can break rock apart.
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Water makes rocks bump against each other and break.
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Chemical Weathering – oxidation (rust)
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Soil
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Bedrock
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Oops – bedrock – rocks under where we live
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Hummus
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Humus- part of soil made by dead and decaying organisms
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Star-nosed mole.
Burrowing animals circulate air and nutrients in the soil.
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Soil Profile
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Matches the bedrock below.
Residual Soil – hasn’t been moved
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NYS. Glaciers have transported most of the soils.
Transported Soils – have been moved.
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Erosion – the transport of sediment
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Sediment
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Gravity – the driving force of downward movement of
sediments
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Landslide – when gravity pulls sediment down without the aid of
water or wind.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eR77MhKwAew
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Mudslide
http://Mudslide in Southern Italy
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Running Water moves the most sediment.
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How fast do sediments travel?
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Running water breaks down mountains and brings the
sediment elsewhere.
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Straight streams flow faster.
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More discharge = faster flow
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Watershed - the area draining into a stream
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Tributary – small stream that flows into a larger one.
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Meander – curve in the river
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Erosion and Deposition
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Streams have V-shaped valleys.
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Wind – horizontal movement of air.
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Sandstorm in the Persian Gulf.
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Wind can only carry small sediment.
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Notice that the rock has been “sandblasted” along the ground. Wind carries sediment close to the ground.
Evidence of wind erosion.
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Deserts have wind erosion.
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The wind carries small pieces of broken rock (sand).
Shorelines are windy.
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Sandblasting of rock
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Sand Dunes are made by the wind dropping sand pieces.
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Glacier – a moving mass of ice and snow.
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Glaciers carry dirt and soil.
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Striations – scratches in rock from the glaciers.
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Glacial Till – mixed up, scratched rocks dumped as the glacier melted.
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U-shaped valleys are from glaciers.
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This hill was made by a glacier.
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Waves
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Waves come in parallel to the shore.