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Eliminated inefficiency and corruption
Still a heavy tax burden on bourgeoisie, peasantry and working class
Reduced nobilities influence in Local affairs
Sent Royal officials
Intendants
Assassinated by nobles 1610
Henry IV
Issues Edict of Nantes 1598Right-hand man, the minister Maximilien
de Béthune, duc de Sully (1560–1641), - to regularise state finance, - promote agriculture- drain swamps to create productive crop lands,- undertake many public works- encourage education
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LOUIS XIII
• KING AT 10 (1610) Henry IV assassinated• Marie de’ Medici Regent dismissed Henry
IV chief Minister Sully• Appointed Richelieu as Chief Minister
in1624– Expand power of King by destroying
• Huguenots• Nobles• Used Intendants to limit power of Nobles
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DOMINATE EUROPE
ORDER, STABILITY, AND REFORM IN FRANCE
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ADVISORS--
Kept a group of Professional diplomats as his advisors. - Cardinal Richelieu
Cardinal Mazarin Takes over after Richelieu’s death
THE FRONDE--1648-1653 (slang for “slingshot” – used by the boys in the streets of Paris)
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Series of rebellions against royal power – lead by the nobles and the townspeople
WHY????
Authority had been undermined by the Royal Officials
Represented a threat to the crown’s power
Ultimately served to strengthen the crown’s power
The disorder it created showed the people the need for a strong monarchy
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Began at Mazarin’s death
“L’etat, c’est moi” – “I am the state”
Absolute power
“lettre de cache” – authorized imprisonment or exile without trial
1660 –Married Marie Therese – political
The Personal Rule of the Sun King
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To limit power of nobility he appointed more middle class
Selling the titles – “nobles of the robe” they undermined “nobility of the sword”
Versailles – King’s residence and center of government
Cost a great deal of money
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Controlled finances under Louis XIV
Expanded government role in the economy
Encouraged industry
Built roads and canals
Nobility and clergy stayed tax exempt
tax burden remained on peasants and lower middle class
Inadequacy of financial system was a major weak spot
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GALLICANISM
Louis XIV exercised administrative control over the church in France
REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES
Louis XIV believed in Religious unity
200,000 Huguenots fled causing economic problems – France was deprived of their knowledge and skills
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THE WAR OF DEVOLUTION (1667-1668)
France was awarded several towns on the border of the Spanish Netherlands
THE DUTCH WAR (1672 – 1678)
France gained several additional towns along the border of the Spanish Netherlands
THE WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF AUGSBURG (9 YEARS’ WAR) – (1688 – 1697)
France lost most of its prior gains, but kept Alsace
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Louis XIV – claimed his grandson Philip of Anjou was heir to the Spanish throne
Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperor Leopold challenged – claiming the throne was for his son Charles
England, Holland & Holy Roman Emperor joined forces against France
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Philip of Anjou became King Philip V of Spain
Neither he nor his successors could occupy the French throne
France lost a number of colonies in the New World, but kept Quebec
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Created a Political Alliance with Spain.BUILT THE PALACE OF VERSAILLES
Forced the Nobility to live there
They had all the privileges they wanted and non of the power.
He had ABSOLUTE CONTROL
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