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Energy Transfer Within EcosystemsAPES~Mr. Plowman
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How do organisms grow?
What determines the productivity of an ecosystem?
Food chains, food webs, and trophic level pyramids
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How Do Organisms Grow?
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Photosynthesis builds biomass
Biomass: the dry weight of an organism.• No water weight
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Energy flow and nutrient cycling
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Primary Productivity Gross Primary Production (GPP)
Rate at which an ecosystem’s producers convert solar energy into biomass.
Rate of photosynthesis
Net Primary Production (NPP) NPP = GPP - R
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Primary Productivity
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Food Chains
Primary Producer
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
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Food Webs
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Trophic Levels
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Energy transfer is inefficient
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Pyramid of Numbers• Shows the number of organisms at each trophic level in a food chain.
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Pyramids of Biomass
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Final Thought If humans have a limited amount of land and
resources, what do you think is more sustainable: Eating plants Eating animals