December 10
TODAYS PURPOSE
Get your computer and your journal
Find Mrs. Staats website
Open the Earthquake Notes
Complete
Go to Quizlets and take the Earthquake and volcano quizlet.
Earthquakes
Earthquakes produce
three Types of Waves
that behave differently
through different materials. Earthquakes are the buildup of stress or tension in rocks or faults.
Earthquakes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSgB1IWr6O4&feature=player_embedded
3 types of waves to study
Primary Waves (P)
Secondary Waves (S)
Surface Waves
Focus
Under the surface of the Earth
Where earthquakes originate.
P waves and S waves are released from here.
Primary Waves (P)
Point where energy is released from the focus.
Travels the FASTEST of the waves
Move through solid and liquid layers of Earth
PUSH and PULL rock back and forth motion
LONGITUDINAL WAVES
Secondary Waves ( S)
Moves out from earthquake focus
Moves SLOWER than primary waves
Can ONLY move throug SOLID rock
Moves at right angles/rocks move up/down and side to side
TRANSVERSE WAVES
Surface Waves
Form when P and S waves reach the SURFACE
Can cause the ground to shake making rock sway from side to side and ROLL LIKE THE OCEAN.
Explain how scientists use data from seismic waves and Earths magnetic field.
Epicenter
the epicenter is the point on Earths surface directly above where the energy is released in an earthquake; energy that reaches the surface is greatest at this point.
seismograph
The energy spreads outward in all directions as vibrations called seismic waves. Seismic waves can be measured and recorded by a seismograph.
The vibration record, called a seismogram, looks like jagged lines on paper.
Measuring Earthquakes
Measuring the time between the arrival of the P and S waves determines the distance between the recording seismograph and the earthquake epicenter.
Triagulation
Triangulation identifies the epicenter of an earthquake. The location of an earthquakes epicenter is found by plotting circles on a map from the records of three seismograph stations and finding the point where the three circles intersect.
Interpret a Diagram of Seismic wave properties
Summarize these statements
Scientist use the principle that speed and direction of a seismic wave depends on the material it travels through.
Because earthquake waves travel faster through the mantle than through the crust, scientist know that the mantle is denser than the crust.
Extra Videos
More information
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qbg7orb1lc&feature=player_embedded
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sA6oZ4YgKCA&feature=player_embedded
8.3.3 Infer an earthquakes epicenter from seismographic data.
EPICENTER the point on Earths surface directly above where the energy is released in an earthquake.
Seismic Waves
* energy spreads outward in all directions as vibrations.. Measured by seismograph
Seismogram vibration record
Measuring the time between the arrival of the P and S waves determines the distance..
Triangulation-identifies the epicenter of an earthquake. Find where 3 circles intersect.
Seismogram
8.3.4 Explain how igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks are interrelated in the rock cycle.
Igneous
Forms- molten rock cools and hardens
Cooling taking place slowly- intrusive
Cooling taking place rapidly- extrusive
Metamorphic
Forms when rocks are changed into different kinds of rocks
How? Heat, pressure, heated, squeezed, folded, chemically changed by hot fluids
Sedimentary
Forms by compaction/cementation of rock pieces, mineral grains, shell fragments
Sediments- rock pieces, minerals, fragments formed by weathering or erosion
Chemcial change by water
Ongoing Process Rock Cycle
Video
8.3.5 Minerals, Ores, Fossil Fuels
Two type of properties
Physical properties: hardness, luster, color, texture, density
Chemical Properties: ability to burn, reactivity with acids
Physical/Chemical Properties
Fossil Fuels
3 Common Earth Resources
Minerals natural, solid , building blocks for rock
Ores mined for useful metals and nonmetals
Fossil Fuels come from remains of living things: give off energy when they burn.