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P2 Power Solutions Neutral Compensation - Hospitality
© P2Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd
An Innovative Engineering Solutions company focused on ensuring high Power Quality for it’s customers
Promoted by a group of IIT Kharagpur graduates
State of the art production facilities at Noida & Kharagpur
An ISO 9001:2008 certified company
Currently delivering products (CE certified) and services catering to the power and energy demands of the industry
Dedicated R&D activities in collaboration with IIT Kharagpur to improve and expand the current range of products and services
Company Profile
© P2Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd
Measurement errors in metering equipments
Spurious operation of fuses, circuit-breakers and other protective devices
Voltage glitches in computers systems resulting in lost data
Electromagnetic interference with TV, radio, communication & telephone
Malfunctioning of standby generators and associated AVR control equipments
Excessive temperature rise in motors, transformers
Failure of Power Factor correction equipments
Malfunctioning of precision equipments
Low Power Quality - Symptoms
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Case Study – Client Details
Client - 5 star Hotel
Sector - Hospitality
Peak Load - 950A
Neutral Current - 230A
iTHD - 14%
Triplen Harmonics - 8%
PF (uncompensated) - 0.91
Point of Correction - Utility Panel, Lighting loads
© P2Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd
Case Study – Client Details
The client had 4 utility panels for lighting loads. The peak load in each panel ~180A Neutral current in these panels ~120A
To reduce the problem of heavy neutral currents, we recommendedthe installation of P2 Power Active filter (4 wire configuration) at eachutility panel.
The results have been summarized in the following slides.
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Case Study – Client SLD
Transformer
Utility Panel #1
P2 Power Active Filter (100A, 4wire)
Utility Panel #2
P2 Power Active Filter (100A, 4wire)
Utility Panel #3
P2 Power Active Filter (100A, 4wire)
Utility Panel #4
P2 Power Active Filter (100A, 4wire)
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Unit Off
Utility Panel – Lighting Loads
Unit On
Neutral Current ~
63%
100A Neutral Compensation
Unit
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Line Current - Harmonics
~ 33% ~ 20% iTHD~ 33%
~ 26% Triplen~ 9.5% ~ 26% ~ 9%
~ 21%
Triplen Harmonics
add up in the Neutral
Filter : OFFFilter : ON Filter : ON
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Neutral Current
neutral current~ 42A ~ 115A ~ 43A
Filter : OFFFilter : ON Filter : ON
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Neutral Compensation - Filter Output
L1 ~ 25A
L2 ~ 25A
L3 ~ 27A
Ln ~ 78A
Filter : ON Filter : OFF
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Active Filter – Working Principle
LOAD
4 wire – Active Filter
CT1 CT2 CT3 L1 L2 L3
Supply
L1L2L3
LN
© P2Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd
Active Filter – Working Principle
LOAD
4 wire – Active Filter
CT1 CT2 CT3 L1 L2 L3
Supply
L1L2L3
LN
The P2 Power Active filter in 4 wire configuration senses the 3 line currents and calculates the neutral current using Kirchoff’s Current Law.
Once the required neutral current has been calculated, the digital signal processor uses advanced closed loop control logic to compensate the same. This way the heavy neutral current does not reach the main tranformer.
The 4 wire configuration can integrate harmonic compensation, stepless power factorcorrection and active load balancing along with neutral compensation.
© P2Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd
Iacti
ve
Ireacti
ve
Iharmo
nic
IL
oa
d
Ireact
ive
Iharmo
nic
Ineutra
lIAF
Active Filter – Working Principle
© P2Power Solutions Pvt. Ltd
Igrid IAF ILoad
AF
LoadIgrid
active
reactive +harmonic + neutral
Active Filter – Working Principle
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Active Filter - Advantage
Ultra Fast Response
No Risk of Over
Compensation
No Risk of Resonance
Step-less Correction
Small Footprint
Programmable
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Optimum capacity
utilization
Reduction in Peak current
demand
Reduced losses
Reduced heating
Efficient loading
Active Filter – Benefits
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COMPARISON SHEET
Active Power Conditioner Hybrid PF Compensator Substitute Technology
P2 Power Active Filter P2 Power Hybrid Compensator APFC, RTPFC
PERFORMANCESpeed < 0.2 milli seconds < 0.2 milli seconds Response time in seconds
Technology Stepless current compensation Stepless current compensation Stepped kVAR compensation
Effectiveness Effective with highly fluctuating loads Effective with highly fluctuating loads Ineffective with fluctuating loads
Power Factor (PF) Correction True PF compensation Displacement PF compensation Displacement PF compensation
Leading/Lagging PF Both Leading/Lagging PF compensationBoth Leading/Lagging PF
compensationLagging PF compensation only
Load Balancing Negative sequence current injection Negative sequence current injection No load balancing
Harmonic Compensation Harmonic compensation No Harmonic Compensation No Harmonic Compensation
Neutral Correction Possible with 4 wire system Not possible Not Possible
FOOTPRINT
Size Advantages Smallest Footprint Small Largest Footprint
COSTInstallation (per Ampere) `3400~`4200 `2300~`2800 `1000~`1800
Resource Intensive Smallest space requirement Low on space requirements Increases cost of space
Capital Cost Reduced failures Reduced failures Can increase failures due to resonance
Operating Cost Low operating cost Low operating cost Recurring cost of capacitor replacement
Returns on Investment High High High with non fluctuating loads
Improved PF Improved PF Ineffective with fluctuating loads
Better voltage profile Better voltage profile Introduces voltage transients
Reduced failures Reduced failures Can increase failure due to resonanceMAINTENANCE
Maintenance requirements Modular design Modular design Easy Maintenance
Spare parts requirements Virtually maintenance free Virtually maintenance free Recurring cost of capacitors/contactors
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