!"#$"%&'()*%+'"#%'#,'-%./&0#!&*1+%0*%)&0
!"#$%&'"()"*&+&,"(-&./"0&1&23
!
Architectural Style
"#$%&'($')#(
! !"#$"%&%'*+#(,#(-(.'-+$/0,)'1'&/.
! !"%%&!'"()*+21$&3&'1'(-+$/0,/.(.'+$/00).&$1'&/.
"#$%&'($')#13+4'53(67/.2&8)#1'&/.
! 1#$%&'($')#(+9+:$/0,/.(.'-;+$/..($'/#-;+$/.-'#1&.'-<
=&-)13&>1'&/.+
! 8#1,%+#(,#(-(.'1'&/.
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Architectural Styles
@&,(-+1.A+2&3'(#-
B1'1+1C-'#1$'&/.
D0,3&$&'+&.E/$1'&/.
F15(#(A+-5-'(0-
G(,/-&'/#&(-
H
Pipes & Filters
IE(#E&(J
! "#$%&'($')#13+,1''(#.+2/#+-'#(10+,#/$(--&.8
! "+2&3'(#+A(2&.(-+1+,#/$(--&.86$/0,)'1'&/.+-'(,
! B1'1+23/J-+'%#/)8%+1+-(K)(.'&13+$%1&.+/2+2&3'(#-
! "+2&3'(#+$%1&.+#(,#(-(.'-+1+-5-'(0
23
24
25
2'67'"0"%
2'""0*%'&
(/%/#-8'.
L
93
94
9"
-+8%0&:
7+70:
(/%/#-8'.
7/0,/.(.'-+MN&3'(#-O
! 4('+/2+&.,)'-+1.A+/)',)'-
! D.,)'+P+/)',)'+-'#(10-
! F/$13+'#1.-2/#01'&/.
" &.$#(0(.'13+/)',)'
! Q./J.+1-+2&3'(#-
7/..($'/#-+M@&,(-O
! N1$&3&'1'(+A1'1+23/J
! Q./J.+1-+,&,(-
Pipes & Filters
R
Pipes & Filters
D.E1#&1.'-
! D.A(,(.A(.'+(.'&'&(-
" A/+./'+-%1#(+-'1'(
" %1E(+./+S./J3(A8(+/2+/'%(#+2&3'(#-
! T#1.-2/#01'&/.
" &.$#(0(.'13+
" ./'+A(,(.A(.'+/.+/#A(#+&.+'%(+$%1&.
U
Pipes & Filters
4,($&13&>1'&/.
! *+$&,+%&)*+#(-'#&$'(A+'/+3&.(1#+'/,/3/85
! -".%/&/0$+$&)*+#(-'#&$'-+'%(+10/).'+/2+A1'1+/.+1+,&,(
! 12$&/0$+$&)*+A1'1+/.+1+,&,(+'/+C(+/2+1.+1$$(,'1C3(+'5,(
V)(-'&/.
! 71.+1+2&3'(#+,#/$(--+133+/2+&'-+&.,)'+A1'1+1-+1+-&.83(+(.'&'5W
XY
Pipes & Filters
Z[10,3(-
! \.&[+-%(33+,#/8#10-+
" ,&,(3&.(-
" $1'+2&3(X+]+-/#'+]+8#(,+S(5J/#A
! ^ZZ+4(#E3('+N&3'(#+M_1E1[`-(#E3('`N&3'(#O
" '5,(A+,&,(-
&0;)0:%&0:7'":0
<==>?0;)0:%<==>?0:7'":0
:0&@0& :0&@80%
:0&@0& :0&@80%-3 -4 -"
XX
Pipes & Filters
Z[10,3(-
! 7/0,&3(#-
" a/#(+/2+1+-(K)(.'&13+C1'$%+1#$%&'($')#(
80A :B" :06 '7% *'(0
:')&*0#*'(0 6/*1+"0#*'(0
Xb
Pipes & Filters
"AE1.'18(-
! 4&0,3(+$/0,/-&'&/.
! G()-(
" 1.5+'J/+2&3'(#-+$1.+C(+$/0C&.(A+'/8('%(#
! 1-+3/.8+1-+'%(5+-,(1S+'%(+-10(+A1'1+31.8)18(
! @#/'/'5,&.8
" %/J+01.5+-$#&,'-+01S(+)-(+/2+8#(,;+1JS;+-(A+('$`
! Z1-5+8#/J'%+P+(E/3)'&/.
" "#$%&'($')#13+(E13)1'&/.+2/#+,(#2/#01.$(+P+C/''3(.($S-
! 7/.$)##(.$5+P+,1#133(3&-0
Xc
Pipes & Filters
B&-1AE1.'18(-
! @//#+,(#2/#01.$(
" (1$%+2&3'(#+%1-+'/+,1#-(+A1'1
" -%1#&.8+83/C13+A1'1+&-+A&22&$)3'
! d/'+1,,#/,#&1'(+2/#+&.'(#1$'&/.+
! F/J+21)3'+'/3(#1.$(+'%#(-%/3A
" e%1'+%1,,(.-+&2+1+2&3'(#+$#1-%(-
! B1'1+'#1.-2/#01'&/.+
" '/+F7B+'/+1$$/00/A1'(+2&3'(#-+
! D.$#(1-(-+$/0,3([&'5+P+$/0,)'1'&/.
32
Pipe-and-Filter vs. Batch Sequential
• Both decompose the task into a fixed sequence of computations (components) interacting only through data passed from one to another
• fine grained• results starts processing• localized input• concurrency possible• interactive awkward but
possible
• course grained• high latency• external access to input• no concurrency• non-interactive
Pipe-and-FilterBatch Sequential
X!
Data Abstraction
IC_($'+I#&(.'(A+I#81.&>1'&/.+MIIIO
! Z.$1,-)31'&/.+MA1'1+P+/,(#1'&/.-O
7/0,/.(.'-
! IC_($'-;+0/A)3(-
7/..($'/#-
! #(,#(-(.'+&.'(#f/C_($'+$/00).&$1'&/.
" -5.$%#/./)-+/#+1-5.$%#/./)-+
X?
Data Abstraction
Q(5+1-,($'-
! IC_($'-+,#(-(#E(+'%(&#+&.'(8#&'5+
! ./+A&#($'+1$$(--
! IC_($'+#(,#(-(.'1'&/.+&-+1+,#&E1'(+1221&#
"AE1.'18(-
! D0,3(0(.'1'&/.+$%1.8(-+J&'%+0&.&013+83/C13+&0,1$'
! B($/0,/-&'&/.
" 31#8(+-5-'(0+&.'/+1+-('+/2+&.'(#1$'&.8+/C_($'-
" (1-5+'/+01.18(+P+(E/3E(
XH
Data Abstraction
B&-1AE1.'18(-
! D.'(#1$'&/.+&._($'-+$/),3&.8
" /C_($'-+&.'(#1$'+E&1+,)C3&$+$/.'#1$'
" J%1'+%1,,(.-+J%(.+'%(+$/.'#1$'+$%1.8(-W
" &.A&#($'+$/),3&.8*+"+)-(-+g;+7+)-(-+g;+'%(.+$%1.8(-+01A(+C5+7+/.+g+1#(+).([,($'(A+'/+"
XL
Data Abstraction
4/0(+'%/)8%'-
! B(-&8.+C5+$/.'#1$'+h+&.'(#21$(-
" A($/),3(-+&.'(#f/C_($'+A(,(.A(.$&(-
! 45.$%#/.&>1'&/.
e%1'+J/)3A+%1,,(.+&2+1.+/C_($'+J(#(+'/+21&3+A)#&.8+1.+/,(#1'&/.W
XR
Implicit invocation
ZE(.'fC1-(A
! 7/0,/.(.'-+A/+./'+A&#($'35+&.E/S(+/'%(#+$/0,/.(.'-
! 4&0&31#+'/+"3)&(4&(0567890/&)+:%0$;''&(%
" &0,3&$&'+&.E/$1'&/.+1#$%&'($')#13+-'53(+%1-+C#/1A(#+-$/,(
7/0,/.(.'-
! a/A)3(-+i(E(.';+$133C1$S+]+,#/$(A)#(j+
" /C_($'-;+,#/$(--(-;+A&-'#&C)'(A+1,,3&$1'&/.-
7/..($'/#-
! T#1A&'&/.13+0('%/A+$133
! g#/1A$1-'+/2+(E(.'-
XU
Implicit invocation
@)C3&-%+P+4)C-$#&C(
! 7/0,/.(.'-+#(8&-'(#+2/#+(E(.'-
! ZE(.'-+1#(+8(.(#1'(A+,)C3&-%(A+
" C5+A&22(#(.'+-/)#$(-
" '/+1+$(.'#13&>(A+-5-'(0
! ZE(.'-+1#(+C#/1A$1-'
" E&1+$133C1$S+/#+,#/$(A)#(
bY
Implicit invocation
D.E1#&1.'-
! ZE(.'+8(.(#1'/#-+A/+./'+S./J+
" 1C/)'+(E(.'+$/.-)0(#-
" 2).$'&/.13+&0,1$'+/.+A&22(#(.'+$/0,/.(.'-
! g#/1A$1-'+/#A(#&.8
" $/0,/.(.'-+$1../'+01S(+1--)0,'&/.-+1C/)'+/#A(#(A+A(3&E(#5
bX
Implicit invocation
Z[10,3(-
! d(J-;+2&#(+131#0-+('$`
! a=7
! DBZ-
! B1'1C1-(+-5-'(0-+'/
" (.-)#(+$/.-&-'(.$5+$/.-'#1&.'-
" ([($)'(+-'/#(A+,#/$(A)#(-
! \-(#+&.'(#21$(
" 4(,1#1'&/.+/2+A1'1+,#(-(.'1'&/.+2#/0+A1'1+01.18(0(.'
! Z.'(#,#&-(+1,,3&$1'&/.+&.'(#1$'&/.
47
Model-View-Controller
48
Model-View-Controller• A decomposition of an interactive system into three components:
– A model containing the core functionality and data,– One or more views displaying information to the user, and– One or more controllers that handle user input.
• A change-propagation mechanism (i.e., observer) ensures consistency between user interface and model, e.g.,
– If the user changes the model through the controller of one view, the other views will be updated automatically
• Sometimes the need for the controller to operate in the context of a given view may mandate combining the view and the controller into one component
• The division into the MVC components improves maintainability
bb
Implicit invocation
"AE1.'18(-
! a&.&013+A(,(.A(.$5+1.A+3//-(+$/),3&.8
" 7/0,/.(.'-+A/+./'+A&#($'35+&.'(#1$'+J&'%+(1$%+/'%(#
" 7/0,/.(.'-+$1.+C(+1AA(A+/#+#(0/E(A
! k&8%35+#()-1C3(
" 7/0,/.(.'-+$1.+C(+#(,31$(A+J&'%+.(J(#+$/0,/.(.'-
! J&'%/)'+$%1.8&.8+'%(&#+&.'(#21$(-
! 4$131C3(
" d(J+$/0,/.(.'-+$1.+-&0,35+#(8&-'(#+'%(0-(3E(-
bc
Implicit invocation
B&-1AE1.'18(-
! F/--+/2+([($)'&/.+$/.'#/3
" e%/;+J%(.;+J%1'
! B1'1+([$%1.8(
" &.2/#01'&/.+%1-+'/+C(+(.$1,-)31'(A+J&'%&.+1.+(E(.'
" -%1#(A+#(,/-&'/#5
" &0,1$'+/.+
! 83/C13+-5-'(0+,(#2/#01.$(+P+#(-/)#$(+01.18(0(.'
! ZE(.'+$/.'(['
" ).,#(A&$'1C3(+-&A(+(22($'-
" %/J+'/+A(C)8+-)$%+1+,#/C3(0W
b!
Layered Systems
I#81.&>(A+%&(#1#$%5
! Z1$%+315(#+
" ,#/E&A(-+1+-(#E&$(+'/+'%(+315(#+1C/E(
" 1$'-+1-+1+$3&(.'+'/+'%(+315(#+C(3/J
7/0,/.(.'-+
! F15(#-*+$/0,/-(A+/2+8#/),-+/2+-)C'1-S-
! "@D*+4('+/2+$31--(-+([,/-&.8+1.+"@D+315(#
7/..($'/#-
! 7/00).&$1'&/.+,#/'/$/3-6&.'(#21$(-
" A(2&.(+'%(+&.'(#f315(#+&.'(#1$'&/.
b?
Layered Systems
*'&0
C/:+*#)%+8+%+0:
/778+*/%+'":
D"+'"#:E+"#6'(08
bH
Layered Systems
=&00#6'(08
bL
Layered Systems
=+0&0(#6'(08
70&:+:%0"*0
C):+"0::#-)"*%+'":
/773 /774
71
Example: FTP on top of TCP/IP
FTP
TCP
IP
Ethernet
FTP
TCP
IP
Ethernet
FTP Protocol
TCP Protocol
IP Protocol
Ethernet Protocol
Physical Connect
72
The Unix Layered Architecture
bR
Layered Systems
D.E1#&1.'-
! F&0&'+315(#+&.'(#1$'&/.-+'/+1A_1$(.'+315(#-+/.35
" 71.+C(+E&/31'(A+1-+2/33/J-*
! "+315(#+015+)-(+1.5+315(#+C(3/J+2/#+-(#E&$(
! a)$%+#&$%(#+&.'(#1$'&/.+J%(.+$/0,1#(A+'/+,&,(3&.(
" 'J/+J15+$/00).&$1'&/.
! F15(#-+0)-'+-),,/#'+'%(+,#/'/$/3-+/2+&'-+),,(#+1.A+3/J(#+C/).A1#&(-
bU
"AE1.'18(-
! D.$#(1-&.8+3(E(3-+/2+1C-'#1$'&/.
! F/J+$/),3&.8
" (1-5+'/+01&.'1&.
" 1+315(#+/.35+&.'(#1$'-+J&'%+1+315(#+1C/E(+1.A+1+315(#+C(3/J
! a/A)31#+#()-(
" 1+315(#+$1.+C(+#(,31$(A+C5+1./'%(#+1-+3/.8+1-+'%(+&.'(#21$(+&-+./'+E&/31'(A
Layered Systems
cY
Layered Systems
B&-1AE1.'18(-
! d/'+133+-5-'(0-+$1.+C(+315(#(A
! @(#2/#01.$(
" a15+2/#$(+'%(+%&8%+3(E(3+2).$'&/.-+'/+C(+'&8%'35+$/),3(A+J&'%+3/J+3(E(3+&0,3(0(.'1'&/.
T&(#(A+"#$%&'($')#(
! 4,($&13&>1'&/.+2/#+(.'(#,#&-(+1,,3&$1'&/.-
" '&(#-+1#(+8(.(#1335+,%5-&$1335+-(,1#1'(A
cX
Repositories
a1&.+&A(1
! 7(.'#13&>(A+-/)#$(+/2+&.2/#01'&/.+J&'%+01.5+$/0,/.(.'-
7/0,/.(.'-
! T5,(+X*+$(.'#13+A1'1f-'/#(+$/0,/.(.'
" #(,#(-(.'-+-5-'(0+-'1'(6A1'1
! T5,(+b*+$/33($'&/.+/2+A1'1f)-(+$/0,/.(.'-
" $/33($'&/.+/2+&.A(,(.A(.'+$/0,/.(.'-+/,(#1'(+/.+'%(+$(.'#13+A1'1f-'/#(
cb
Repositories
7/..($'&/.-
! =1#5+$/.-&A(#1C35
" "$'&E(*+D.$/0&.8+-'#(10-+/2+'#1.-1$'&/.-+'#&88(#+,#/$(--(-+'/+1$'+/.+A1'1f-'/#(+h+/;';3;)&
" @1--&E(*+$)##(.'+-'1'(+/2+'%(+A1'1f-'/#(+'#&88(#-+,#/$(--(-+h+3,;!<3";(/
cc
Repositories
"AE1.'18(-
! Z22&$&(.'+J%(.+A(13&.8+J&'%+31#8(+10/).'-+/2+A1'1
" Q./J.+A1'1+-$%(01
" 3(1A-+'/+(1-(+/2+A1'1+-%1#&.8
" $(.'#13&>(A+01.18(0(.'
! 73&(.'-+1#(+3//-(35+$/),3(A
c!
Repositories
B&-1AE1.'18(-
! B1'1+0/A(3+
" &-+-'1'&$;+C/).A(A+C5+A(2&.(A+-$%(01
" #(-&-'1.'+'/+$%1.8(+1-+01.5+A(,(.A+/.+&'
" (E/3)'&/.+&-+([,(.-&E(
! B&22&$)3'+'/+A&-'#&C)'(
c?
Interpreter Style
a1&.+&A(1
! g#&A8(+2).$'&/.13&'5
" 4)&'1C3(+2/#+1,,3&$1'&/.-+&.+J%&$%+'%(+0/-'+1,,#/,#&1'(+31.8)18(+/#+01$%&.(+2/#+([($)'&.8+'%(+-/3)'&/.+&-+./'+A&#($'35+1E1&31C3(
cH
Interpreter Style
7/0,/.(.'-
! &.'(#,#('1'&/.+(.8&.(
" '/+A/+'%(+J/#S
! 0(0/#5
" $/.'1&.-+'%(+,-)(A/f$/A(+P+-'1'(
! -'1'(
" $/.'#/3+-'1'(+/2+'%(+(.8&.(
" $)##(.'+-'1'(+/2+'%(+,#/8#10
cL
Interpreter Style
7/..($'/#-
! ,#/$(A)#(+$133-
! A&#($'+0(0/#5+1$$(--
Z[10,3(-
! @#/8#100&.8+31.8)18(+$/0,&3(#-
" ^1E1;+-0133+'13S
! 4$#&,'&.8+31.8)18(-
" 1JS;+@(#3
cR
Interpreter Style
"AE1.'18(-
! 4&0)31'&/.+/2+./.f&0,3(0(.'(A+,1#'-
! @/#'1C&3&'5
" 1$#/--+1+E1#&('5+/2+,31'2/#0-
B&-1AE1.'18(-
! @(#2/#01.$(
" 7/0,)'1'&/.13+$/0,3([&'5+h+-3/J+([($)'&/.