![Page 1: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Organic Compounds
Bonding in Hydrocarbons
Naming Alkanes
Properties of Alkanes
![Page 2: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
“The most important hypothesis in all ofbiology…is that everything that animals
do,atoms do. In other words, there is nothingthat living things do that cannot be understood from the point of view that they are made of atoms acting according to the laws of physics.”
Richard Feynman (1918-1988)
![Page 3: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Organic Compounds
Contain carbon
Have covalent bonds
Have low melting points
Have low boiling points
Burn in air (oxygen)
Are soluble in nonpolar solvents
Form large molecules
![Page 4: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 4
Alkanes
Contain C and H only
Contain single bonds C-C
Have 4 bonds to every carbon (C) atom
Are nonpolar
![Page 5: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 5
Complete Structural Formulas
Show the bonds between each of the atoms
H H
H C H H C H H H
CH4 , methane
![Page 6: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 6
More Alkanes
H H Condensed Structural Formulas
H C C H CH3 CH3
H H Ethane
H H H
H C C C H CH3 CH2 CH3
H H H Propane
![Page 7: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 7
IUPAC Names
Name # carbons Structural Formula
Methane 1 CH4
Ethane 2 CH3CH3
Propane 3 CH3CH2CH3
Butane 4 CH3CH2CH2CH3
Pentane 5 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
![Page 8: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 8
IUPAC NAMES
Name # carbons Structural Formula
Hexane 6 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
Heptane 7 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
Octane 8 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
Nonane 9 CH3 CH2 CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
Decane 10 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
![Page 9: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 9
Learning Check Alk1
A. What is the condensed formula for H H H H
H C C C C H
H H H H
B. What is its molecular formula?C. What is its name?
![Page 10: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 10
Solution Alk1
A. CH3CH2CH2CH3
B. C4H10
C. butane
![Page 11: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 11
Reactions of Alkanes
Combustion
alkane + O2 CO2 + H2O + heat
![Page 12: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 12
Combustion In the Cell
Metabolic oxidation is combustion
C6H12 O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + heat
glucose
![Page 13: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 13
Learning Check Alk2
Complete the combustion reaction for
C3H8 + O2 +
Balance your equation
![Page 14: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 14
Solution Alk2
Step 1
C3H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Step 2
C3H8 + O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
Step 3
C3H8 + 5 O2 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
![Page 15: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 15
Learning Check Alk3
Complete and balance the reaction for the complete combustion of C7H16
![Page 16: 1 Alkanes and Aromatic Hydrocarbons Organic Compounds Bonding in Hydrocarbons Naming Alkanes Properties of Alkanes](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082516/56649ceb5503460f949b6cb0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Timberlake LecturePLUS 16
Solution Alk3
Step 1
C7H16 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Step 2
C7H16 + O2 7 CO2 + 8 H2O
Step 3
C7H16 + 11 O2 7 CO2 + 8 H2O