1) Containment and Brinkmanship 1945-69
2) Détente 1970 - 1980
3) Renewed Arms Race 1980’s
4) Collapse of Soviet Union 1990
Phase 2 of the Cold War: DétenteThe Brezhnev Doctrine, 1968
1969 - 1980
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FAhDQxPHvP0
Jimmy CarterU.S. President
1976-1980Brezhnev & Nixon
A Renewed Arms RaceA Renewed Arms Race
1980-1990
Ronald Reagan
• President 1981-1989
• Fiercely anti-communist leader– Argued communism was morally wrong– Led to rising tension with Soviet Union
• Favored a very strong defense– Greatly increased spending on defense– Initiated a SDI missile defense system (Star Wars)
“Peace through Strength”
“Star Wars” Defense System
Phase 3 of Cold War: A Renewed Arms Race
Ronald Reagan
• Summary Reading
Ronald Reagan Mikhail Gorbachev 1980 1988 1985 - 1991
Early Signs of Soviet Union Weakness
• 1979- Invasion of Afghanistan– Soviets have trouble putting down anti-communist rebellion
• 1980 – Worker rebellion in Poland – Union named Solidarity went on strike
• Weak Economy – Generally low living standards throughout country
Inside the Soviet Economy
• High prices for basic goods & services
• Low quality of many products
• Long lines to buy goods – shortages were common
• Long work hours, low pay
Solidarity
• 1980: Solidarity Union demands recognition in Poland– Communist leaders make limited concessions
• 1981: Communist leaders ban Solidarity– Gov’t declares Marshall Law
– 1981-88: Poland remained in economic crisis
• 1989 -Poland is granted free elections– Solidarity party wins election
Soviet Union Seeks Change• Communist Party promotes a new type of Soviet Leader
• Mikhail Gorbachev 1985-91 – younger & more open to reform
– Seek economic & social changes
The Cold War: Part 10 – Evil EmpireRonald Reagan - 1987 “Tear Down This Wall” Speech
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVjY7TSRtGw&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=irCp9kiLHuI&NR=1
Journal #2
• Analyze what is the danger of Ronald Reagan’s approach to the Cold War.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tgnm1TBZdV4&feature=related
The Cold War: Part 11 – The Wall