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Overview of Sustainability and the Built Environment as it relates to Fossil Fuel Consumption and Climate Change
The basics of Green BuildingIntroduction to LEED, Green Points,
One Planet & other rating systems and criteria related to Green Building.
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GREEN BUILDING. A holistic approach to design, construction, and demolition that minimizes the building’s impact on the environment, the occupants, and the community.
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Bamboo Flooring
No VOC Paint
Salvaged
Wood
Low VOC Finish Hardwood Flooring
Paint with VOCs
Old GrowthWood
Finish with VOCs
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The United States comprises 5% of the total world population and
Americans use 25% of the world’s energy resources.
Buildings and the building industry consumes between 1/3 and ½ of the nations energy.
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Home Size
478 SF/person average floor area 1,500 SF 3.14 people per household
In 1950
In 1970
1.6 x 1950
In 2000
2.8 x 1950
297 SF/person average floor area 1,000 SF 3.37 people per household
840 SF/person average floor area 2,200 SF 2.62 people per household
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Construction of a 2,085 sq ft home uses up to 1.5 acres of forest
95% of old growth forests have been depleted
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Generation and use of energy (electric, gas, oil, coal) are major contributors to air pollution and global climate change.
ENERGY USE
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We spend 90% of our time indoors
Air inside the average home is 10 times more polluted than outside air on the smoggiest days
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Million tons generated in a year in each county
21% from construction and demolition industry
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Site Selection & Environmental ImpactDevelopment Density & Community ConnectivityAlternative TransportationStorm water Management
SUSTAINABLE SITES
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locally producedminimally-processeddurable and able to be maintainedhigh in recycled-content readily-recyclable
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Flyash is a byproduct of coal burning power plantsUse of flyash in concrete diverts it from
landfills.The U.S. produces 1.3 billion tons of
Portland cement annually. This emits 1.3 billion tons of CO2 into the environment.
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Concrete and rubble can be crushed and used for backfill and drainage purposes at the base of foundations
Using recycled instead of virgin materials saves money and natural recourses
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FSC certification assures that the forest from which the wood is produced is managed in an environmentally and socially responsible manner.
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Wood saving techniques:Framing walls 24” on center2-stud cornersLadder blocking at partitionsStacking trusses over studsUse single top plates
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Builders’ Guide online at www.RECYCLENOW.ORG Hardware Lumber Plumbing Tile Windows Reclaimed wood
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Reclaimed lumber can be used for non-structural applications
Reduces resource consumptionReduces landfill deposits
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Plastic lumberContains only recycled
plastic resinsCheck manufacturer for
amount of expansion
Composite lumberMade with recycled
wood fiber and recycled plastic resins formed into deck boards
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FIBER-CEMENT SIDING is composed of Cement, sand, and recycled cellulose
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Minimize the amount of fresh water used within buildings and outside for landscaping.
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Non Invasive SpeciesNo Species Require
ShearingDrought-tolerant Natives Minimal Turf AreasPlants Grouped by Water
Needs (Hydronizing)
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•Mulch All Planting Beds•Soil Amended with Compost•Rainwater Harvesting•Greywater Systems
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Install water conserving appliances
Install low flow aerators on faucets and showerheads
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Insulate Water Heaters & Pipes
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Hot water arrives at the fixture 5 times faster than on average
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Locate Water Heater within 12 Feet of All Fixtures
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Toilets Dual-Flush or maximum 1.28gpf
Showers use max 2.5 gpmFaucets use max 1.5 gpm
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Improving energy efficiency and using renewable energy sources are effective ways to improve air quality and reduce the impacts of global warming
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Passive solar buildings aim to maintain interior Thermal comfort.
Passive solar design does not include active systems..
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Plant deciduous trees for shade
Natural ventilation is a key cooling strategy
Install window overhangs and awnings
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Exceed the Title 24 Standard for your climate by at least 20%
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Install expanding foam or caulk where wood connections are made or framing is drilled to
provide plumbing and electrical runs.
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Low- E double-glazed windowsLow-conductivity framesLook for windows that have a
National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) label
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Lighting controls include:DimmersSensors and timers
Install either at specific locations or as a whole house system
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Can be adjusted to either draw warm air upward during the summer or push warm air downward during the winter
Best locations are bedrooms and living rooms
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Exhaust excess heat and moisture from attic spaces by natural convection.Code requirement of 1 sq. ft. of net free area of
venting for every 150 sq. ft. of attic floor area – should be doubled.
Keep insulation from blocking soffit/eave vents
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Cools a house without the use of air conditioningExhaust warm, indoor airBring in fresh, cool, outdoor air at nightFan mounted in a hallway ceiling on
the top floor
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PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS (PVs)
SOLAR HOT WATER
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Attached garage is the single most significant contributor to poor indoor air quality (source: U.S. EPA)
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Replaces vinyl flooringContains petroleum-
based products or chlorinated chemicals such as PVC which off gases VOCs
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For slab-on-grade additions or basements
Great for radiant, in-floor heating systems
Durable and easy to clean
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A Builder’s Guide –GREEN FROM THE GROUND UP,Sustainable, Healthy, and Energy-Efficient
Home Construction by David Johnston & Scott Gibson
Chapter 1 – Green Building BasicsChapter 2 – The House as a SystemChapter 3 – Planning and Design
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