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Managing Information Systems
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Information Systems
• Information Systems are becoming the foundation of business models and processes
• They allow for the distribution of knowledge
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IT and IS
• What is Information Technology?– Any form of technology used by people to
handle information.
• What are Information Systems?– Integrated components processing, storing and
disseminating information in an organisation.– Interdisciplinary study of systems that provide
information to users in organisations.Pyle, I.C. & Illingworth, V. (Eds) (1996). Oxford Dictionary of Computing, 4 th Edition. Oxford / New York: Oxford University Press
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Information and Data
• Information– Clusters of facts meaningful and useful to
human beings in processes such as making decisions
• Data– Streams of raw facts representing events such
as business transactions – meaningless without structure
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Experiences of IT and IS
• Examples of IT– Hardware (PC, UNIX server)– Software (e-mail, Internet, Windows, Word)– Consumer devices (mobiles, train times)
• Examples of IS– File systems, databases, e-mail servers / clients– e-commerce– SAP, student records
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Management Information Systems
• MIS– The study of information systems focusing on
their use in business and management.
• Approaches– Technical– Behavioural– Sociotechnical
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Approaches to IS
SOCIOLOGYSOCIOLOGY
POLITICAL POLITICAL SCIENCESCIENCE
PSYCHOLOGYPSYCHOLOGY
COMPUTER COMPUTER
SCIENCESCIENCEOPERATIONS OPERATIONS
RESEARCHRESEARCH
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
SCIENCESCIENCE
TECHNICAL APPROACHESTECHNICAL APPROACHES
MISMIS
BEHAVIORAL APPROACHESBEHAVIORAL APPROACHES
SOCIOTECHNICALSOCIOTECHNICAL
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Why is IS Important?
• For an organisation to survive and prosper– More locations (networking, Internet)– New products and services– Improve jobs and work flows:
• Efficiency
• Cost
• Ethical and social issues
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Why is IS Important?
• Worldwide changes:– Global economy– Knowledge- or information-based society– Business enterprise– Digital firm
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Global Economy
• Growing percentage of economy relies upon import and export
• Need to operate globally
• IS can provide global trading infrastructure
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Information Economy
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1997
YEAR
% SERVICE
% WHITE COLLAR
% BLUE COLLAR
% FARMING
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Changes to Society
• Change of employment profiles:– Less farming– Less ‘blue collar’ – manufacturing– Increased service– Increased ‘white collar’ – office-based
• USA: 55% of work force are in knowledge- or information-based activities
• Shift of manufacture to low-wage countries
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Business Enterprise
• Change from hierarchical organisations
• Now flat, decentralised
• Relies on instant information
• Flexibility with customer focus, with increasing importance
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Digital Firm
• An organisation where:– Nearly all relationships with customers,
suppliers and employees is digital– Business processes accomplished through
digital networks
• Flexible
• Dependent upon on IT
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Course Objectives
• Provide an understanding of– IS and underlying IT– Impact on organisations of IS– Implementation and management of IS– IS and global organisations
• Provide awareness of IS in your role as a professional
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Course Content
• Information Systems in an Organisation
• Information Systems, Organisations, Management and Strategy
• Enhancing Management Decision Making
• Managing Data and Information
• Redesigning the Organisation with Information Systems and Managing Change
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Course Content
• Electronic Commerce and the Internet
• Information Systems Security and Control
• Managing International Information Systems
• Managing Assets
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Tutorials
• Three case studies over semester– Information systems, organisations and
decision support– Changing organisations– International organisations and the Internet
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Assessment
• One piece of individual course-work– 40% of module– Case study report– Set in week 1– Due beginning week 12 (Monday by 5:00pm)
• Exam– 60% of module
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Text Book• Haag, Cummings, McCubbrey (2004). Management
Information Systems for the Information Age, 4th Edition. McGraw Hill.
• Turban, McLean, Wetherbe (1999). Information Technology for Management, 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
• Laudon, K.C. & Laudon, J.P. (2002). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm, 7th Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.
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TopicsTopic
Introduction 1
Information Systems in an Organisation 2, 11.1
Information Systems, Organisations, Management and Strategy 3
Enhancing Management Decision Making 13
Managing Data and Information 7, 12
Redesigning the Organisation with Information Systems and Managing Change
10, 11.2/3
Electronic Commerce and the Internet 4, 8, 9
Information Systems Security and Control 14
Managing International Information Systems 16
Managing Assets 5, 6
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Case Study
Planning a New Internet Business