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1st HiLumi LHC/LARP Collaboration Meeting
18 November 2011
Cold Powering and Superconducting Links
A. Ballarino, CERN
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Cold Powering of LHC low- triplets
Remote powering via superconducting links
Development at CERN of HTS superconducting lines
WP6 of the Hi-Lumi Collaborative Project
Conclusions
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Outline
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Hi-Lumi upgrade:
Reduce * by stronger and larger aperture quadrupole magnets located near thecollision points (low- triplet quadrupoles). Increase of Bp that can be transformed inhigher quadrupole gradient or/and larger bore diameter
Nb3SnIop = 15 200 ABp = 11.9 TGradient = 171 T/m
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Cold powering system:
Provide an “efficient” electrical transfer from the power converters, at room temperature, tomagnets. It’s a cryogenic and electrical system that incorporates superconducting components
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF THE low- TRIPLET
Distances in m
MQXA
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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IP1
Q3,Q2,Q1DFBXD1Q4,D2Q5Q6
DFBL
DFBAQ11, Q10…Q7
IP 8
TASTAN
4.5 K 4.5 K 1.9 K
12 m 3 m
3.6 m
UJ 13RR 13
Layout at Point 1
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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POWERING CONFIGURATION OF THE TODAY LHC INNER TRIPLETS
Nested circuits One trim power converter on Q1
D1 at P1 and P5: resistive magnetQ1, Q2 and Q3: four leads, each rated at 7500 A DC Corrector magnets: quadrupole, sextupole octupole (120 A/600 A)
DFBXA and DFBXB at P1DFBXE and DFBXF at P5
N. of leads Rating (A)
10 120
14 600
4 7500
Itot 40 kA
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
F. Bordy et al.
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POWERING CONFIGURATION OF THE HIGH LUMINOSITY –NEW- INNER TRIPLETS
D1 at P1 and P5: resistive magnetQ1, Q2 and Q3: four leads, each rated at 7500 A
Corrector magnets: 120 A (dipole) and 600 A (sextupole)
resistive magnet superconducting magnet, I 10 kA four leads, each rated at 7500 A eight to four leads, each rated up to 15 kA
Individual powering of each circuit ?
Nested powering, e.g. one main power converter plus current trimming on each magnet ?
Split powering, e.g. Q1 in series with Q2a and Q3 in series with Q2b ?
Need for energy extraction via warm resistors of each individual magnet, i.e. need for safety leads and additional superconducting cables in the cold bus ?
Time constant of the circuits and amount of stabilizer in the cables ?
Itot 40 kA 40 kA > 100 kA
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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IP1
Q3,Q2,Q1DFBXD1Q4,D2Q5Q6
DFBL
DFBAQ11, Q10…Q7
IP 8
TASTAN
4.5 K 4.5 K 1.9 K
12 m 3 m
3.6 m
UJ 13RR 13
Layout at Point 1
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
I I
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Room temperature
Cryogenic environment(4.5 K LHe in the DFBs)
Tunnel
Cold powering system:
1) Current leads in a distribution cryostat (near the power converters);2) Vertical electrical transfer (link);3)Horizontal electrical transfer (link);4) Cryogenic fluid supply and control;5) Interconnection to the magnets bus system;6) Protection of link and current leads.
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PM 15
PM 54DFBXF (UJ56)DFBXE (RZ54)
DFBXA (UJ13)
DFBXB (UJ16)
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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2100 kA
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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New shaft for SC LinkHeight ~85 meter
Y. Muttoni J.P. Corso
Point 5
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Free space in the beam areas; Safer long-term operation of powering equipment located in radiation-free environment; Safer and easier access of personnel to power converters, leads and control equipment; Reduced time of interventions (maintenance, repair, diagnostic and routine tests) → Gain in machine availability
Powering via Superconducting Links
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MgB2 Tape : 3.640.65 mm2
MgB2 : 12 %Cu : 15 %
MgB2
YBCO
YBCO Tape : 4 0.1 mm2
YBCO: 1-3 mCu : 220 m
Bi-2223Bi-2223 Tape : 4.5 0.4 mm2
BSCCO: 23 %Cu : 250 m
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Conductors in Superconducting Links
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Nb-Ti Nb3Sn MgB2 Y-123 Bi-2223
Criti
cal T
empe
ratu
re
Conductor
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Ic(77 K, self field) 100 A
YBCO
MgB2
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Conductors in Superconducting Links
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Nb-Ti cablesused in LHC 6 kA at 6 K
MgB2 cable6 kA at 20 K(> 12 kA at 4.5 K)
6 mm
Minimum quench energy of superconductors
Nb-Ti, Top = 5 KTc= 6 K → MQE = 2.63 mJ/cm3
Tc = 7 K → MQE = 5.26 mJ/cm3
Tc = critical temperatureTop = operating temperatureMQE= Minimum Quench Energy
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20 K-50 K
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Cryogenics for Cold Powering System
Tunnel
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Where else in the LHC ?
P1
P7
P5P5
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
P7 Underground Installation
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Current Leads andPower Converters
~ 250 m
~ 250 m
Option also for P3
48 cables rated at 600 A per linkTwo links each about 500 m long
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
S.Weisz, J. Osborne
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What do we have today ?
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= 40
25 × 2 × 600 A (2 × 15 kA) @ 35 K MgB2
@ 65 K (YBCO and Bi-2223)
~2 kg/m
~ 200 mHTS/mcable
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
CERN Prototype Link
Link for Point 7
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
MgB2
Bi-2223
YBCO
600 A
Test of 600 A HTS Cables
Measurements @ Southampton University (gas cooling) and CERN (liquid heliumand liquid nitrogen). Length of HTS cables 2 m
Proceedings of EUCAS 2011
MgB2
YBCOBi-2223
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MgB2
Bi-2223
YBCO
600 ATop
15 K55 K
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Test of CERN 600 A HTS Cables
(CERN measurements)
(SOTON measurements)
Proceedings of EUCAS 2011
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
R=1.5 m
Cryostat for Link (20 m length) in SM-18
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Semi-flexible linein SM-18 test station
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Cryostat for Link (20 m length) in SM-18
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= 75
= 15.5
3 × 6 kA
27 cables 6000 A48 cables 600 AItot = 190 kA @ 20 K (2 × 95 kA)~5 kV
~10 kg/m
~ 900 mHTS/mcable
=70
24 × 6000 A42 × 600 AItot = 169 kA & 20 K ( 2 × 84.5 kA) 5 kV
A. Ballarino, Proceedings of ASC 2010
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
MgB2 round wire
YBCO tape
High-current cable configurations
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Φ = 62 mm
7 × 14 kA, 7 × 3 kA and 8 × 0.6 kA cables – Itot120 kA @ 30 K
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
MgB2 round wire
High-current cable configurations
Development of round wire at Columbus Superconductors
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CHALLENGES
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Significant/unprecedented vertical transfer ( 100 m)Need for reinforcement of cables (10 kg/m 1000 kg)Need for appropriate compensation of thermal contraction in the straightvertical part
Complex system to be integrated in the LHC machine
Significant/unprecedented high-current long HTS cables (up to 15 kA)
Complex multi-cable assembly
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Work Package 6
Task 1Coordination
Task 2Cryogenics
Task 3Electr. Transf.
Cryostat
Task 4Energy Dep.
Material
Accelerator Physics and Performance
Collimators
WP 6, CERN A. Ballarino
Fluka team
Magnet Design
Crab cavities
A. BallarinoF. Broggi(CERN,INFN)
U. Wagner(CERN)
Y. Yang(Univ.South.)
F. Broggi(INFN)
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Task 1Coordination
CERN/INFN
Task 2Cryogenics
CERN
Task 3Electr. Transf.
CryostatUniv. South
Task 4Energy Dep.
MaterialINFN
Hi-Lumi FP7 WP6Design study
CERN activityDesign study
Integration
Civil engineering
Interfaces(mech, vacuum, electr)
Vacuum
SC cables/SC link
Cryostat of SC link
Current leads
Protection
CERN activity
- Prototypes construction- Cryostat- Prototypes test
- System design- Series specification- Series construction- Integration- Operation
OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL ACTIVITY
Fluka team
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2012 20202018
HTS Links in LHCP1, P5,P7
HTS Links in LHC Hi-LumiP1 and P5
Timeline
2012-2013 2018-2019 2020-2021
Test ofhorizontallinks
2014
Test ofverticallinks
Civil Engineering
Superconductor
System production
A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
L. Rossi, Hi-Lumi LHC Design study
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Integration of CERN HTS Prototype Link (5 m) in cryostat @ SOTON
Successful test of 5 m long CERN prototype link (50 cables rated @ 600 A) He gas @ 30 K
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A. Ballarino, 18 Nov. 2011
Thanks for your attention