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14.2 – Hardship & Suffering During the Depression
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Urban Depression• Depression brought
hardship, homelessness & hunger to millions
• Evictions skyrocket – people sleep anywhere
• Shantytowns (shacks) become common
• People scrap for food – dig through garbage
• Soup kitchens offer free or low-cost food – LONG lines
• Minorities suffer more– Discrimination– Higher unemployment
rates
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Rural Depression • Rural life was hard, but one advantage of over urban life:– Farmers could grow
OWN food
• Thousands lose their land– 1929-32: 400k lost to
foreclosure
• Many turn to tenant farming
• Most barely scrap by
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Dust Bowl
• Caused by loss of top soil through over farming (overproduction)– Plowing takes off top soil
• Massive drought expands problems = dry, loose soil
• Land = dry, flat, few trees• Winds push soil across
the land = exposes sand & grit = dust
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Dust Bowl (c.) • Hardest Hit:– Kansas, Oklahoma,
Texas, New Mexico, & Colorado
• Area known as the Dust Bowl
• Thousands head west to California and/or wander to find work
• P. 474 - Map
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Men• Men struggle coping not being able to support the family– Daily searches for jobs– Many stop looking, some
abandon families
• Hoboes, or the traveling poor, span the country looking for food & work
• No system of direct relief – cities try to organize charities for struggling families
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Women • Women do everything to keep family life going– Save EVERY penny
• Increasingly leave the home to survive
• Become source of resentment– Men, not women should be
employed
• Misconception: Women had it better than men during the Depression– P. 476
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Children• Poor diets & bad care =
health problems– Rise in diet-related diseases
(ex. Rickets)
• Education suffers: school year shortened or schools closed
• Children enter workforce = sweatshops & bad conditions
• Teens leave home, search country for jobs– “Hoover Tourists”
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Effects • Many lose will to live– 1929-32: Suicide Rate +30%
& 3x mental admissions• Sacrifices & Compromises
– Doctor & Dental visits plummet
– College enrollment drops– Marriage & family rates fall
• Main Goal: Achieve & maintain financial security
• Positive: People showed kindness– Help those in need as much
as possible
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