Transcript
Page 1: 1950 - core.ac.uk · such as Barnes Report (1951), Abdul Razak Report (1956), Rahman Talib Report (1969) and Mahathir Report (1979) to investigate government’s demands and needs

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Educational Reform and Girls’ Education in Malaysia since 1950s

Akiko Kamogawa

The history of girls’ and women education are important but understudied subjects for analysis

in Malaysia. Most of the researches on Malaysian education tend to explore how educational policies

influence ethnic issues in Malaysia. Few studies shed light on the meanings of educational policies as

a way of expansion of girls’ education. This study deals with educational policy reports in Malaysia

such as Barnes Report (1951), Abdul Razak Report (1956), Rahman Talib Report (1969) and Mahathir

Report (1979) to investigate government’s demands and needs for girls’ education since 1950s.

The research addresses three objectives: first, to reveal how educational policies a#ect girls’edu-

cation; second, to analyze government perspectives in nurturing girls at schools. Each educational

policy demonstrated socio-economic and cultural factors that influence the meanings of schooling

and education among parents from gender perspective. All educational reports except Barns Report

do not deal with girls’ education. However, the educational policy focusing on children in the rural

areas influenced girls’ education indirectly; third, based on the historical comparison, to suggest

future directions towards educational policy on girls’ education in Malaysia.

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& GH�p ��'s�)N� L. J. W�XY (L. J. Barnes (t Director of Social Training,

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Page 4: 1950 - core.ac.uk · such as Barnes Report (1951), Abdul Razak Report (1956), Rahman Talib Report (1969) and Mahathir Report (1979) to investigate government’s demands and needs

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Page 5: 1950 - core.ac.uk · such as Barnes Report (1951), Abdul Razak Report (1956), Rahman Talib Report (1969) and Mahathir Report (1979) to investigate government’s demands and needs

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Page 6: 1950 - core.ac.uk · such as Barnes Report (1951), Abdul Razak Report (1956), Rahman Talib Report (1969) and Mahathir Report (1979) to investigate government’s demands and needs

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Page 7: 1950 - core.ac.uk · such as Barnes Report (1951), Abdul Razak Report (1956), Rahman Talib Report (1969) and Mahathir Report (1979) to investigate government’s demands and needs

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q��4�rs��t� (1986) u��v����w�x y�z�{| I! (2003) c" 6} ����h u�����a~�#�j����$1�!��x %&�('/j��(W

�@j��();���{��*�� (2002) u+,���v����-.A��/x 0���z�X{��� (2005) u,-.de�78�j������������.��@����&�x 0�1{2��3 (1998) u,-.de�45���6��x  ¡��z�X{7¢8� (1998) u£¤�¥.9&'¦��§:����¨;©O���<ª�`X�x 0=«z�`{¬>­� (1998) u,-.de�ab$?�@A(�B�®¯°d±²" £¤�¥." ³d´³µ±²x '(��z�

¶{CD·¸ (2003) u¹E�������������WX�F12º�G»x HIz�{

q,-.4�rsNoraziah binti Ali (2000), Wanita dan Pendidikan Isu dan Cabaran, Jawiah Dakir, Asimah Bee Mohd Noor,

Rosnah Baharudin (eds.), Sumbangsih Wanita, Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.Robiah Sidin (2000), Pembangunan Pendidikan dan Wanita-Cabaran Perancangan, Bangi: Penerbit Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia.Yaakub Isa (1996), Almanak Pendidikan, Berita Publishing:Kuala Lumpur, pp. 350�351.Zalinan Mohd Jelas, Saemah Rahman, Roselan Baki dan Jamil Ahmad (2005), Prestasi Akademik Mengikut

Gender, Jurnal Pendidikan 31, Bangi: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, pp. 93�111.

q34�rsJamilah Ari$n (1994), Reviewing Malaysian Women’s Status, Population Studies Unit, Faculty of Economics

and Administration, University of Malaya.Federation of Malaysia (1966), Report of the Education Committee 1956, K.L.Malaysia (1949), Annual Report on Education For 1949, Kuala Lumpur: Knee Meng Press.Malaysia (1956), Annual Report on Education For 1956, Kuala Lumpur: Knee Meng Press.Ministry of Education Malaysia, Educational Statistics of Malaysia 1970 (1972), Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Ministry of Education Malaysia, Educational Statistics of Malaysia 1974/75, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Ministry of Education Malaysia, Educational Statistics of Malaysia 1980�1985, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Ministry of Education Malaysia (1992), Educational Statistics of Malaysia 1990, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Ministry of Education Malaysia (1995), Educational Statistics of Malaysia 1995, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.Ministry of Education (1985), Report of the Cabinet Committee 1979: To Review the Implementation of

Education Policy, Berita Publishing.Ministry of Education Malaysia (2000), Malaysian Educational Statistics 2000.

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Ministry of Education Malaysia (2005), Malaysian Educational Statistics 2005.Ministry of Women and Family Development (2003), The Progress of Malaysian Women since Independence

1957�2000, Kuala Lumpur.Pusat Maklumat Wanita Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita dan Keluarga (2001), Statistik Wanita Malaysia

Dalam Pembangunan tahun 2001.UNESCO (1995), The Education of Girls and Women: Towards a global framework for action.UNESCO (2001), Education for All 2000 Assessment: The Thematic Studies: Girl’s Education, World Education

Forum Dakar, Senegal 26�28 April 2000.UNESCO (2003), EFA Global Monitoring Report 2003/4 Gender and Education for All: The Leap to Equality,

Paris: UNESCO.UNESCO (2004), Guidelines for Implementing, Monitoring and Evaluating Gender Responsive EFA Plans,

Bangkok: UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education.Ungku A. Aziz and Chew Sing Buan (1987), University education and employment in Malaysia, International

Institute for Educational Planning.United Nations (1995), The World’s Women 1995-Trends and Statistics, New York: UN Publication.United Nations (2005), The World’s Women 2005 Progress in Statistics, New York: UN Publication.

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