Download - 2 History Overview
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Biomaterials: history & an overview
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Medtronic St. Jude Med.
Medtronic
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Definition of biomaterials: A biomaterial is a systemically, pharmacologically inert substance designed for implantation within or incorporation with a living system. (6th Annual International Biomaterials Symposium, 1974)
A material intended to interface with biological systems to evaluate, treat, augment or replace any tissue, organ or function of the body.
Williams, D.F. The Williams Dictionary of Biomaterials, 1999
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Kolff Dialysis in The Netherlands, circa 1940s Cellophane (reconstituted cellulose)
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Today:
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Nov. 29, 1949, Sir Harold Ridley, the first intraocular lens implantation
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Total artificial hip replacement
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Vascular grafts
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Stents
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Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
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Tremendous Challenges
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P. N. Danese, Chem. Biol. 2002, 9, 873-880.
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Silicon implantable electrode
Turner et al., 1999
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Types of biomaterials:
Polymers (synthetic, natural), metal, ceramics, composites
Synthesis +processing
Structure
Performance/Application
Properties
Synthesis-Structure-Property relationships
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Biocompatibility
Williams, D.F. The Williams Dictionary of Biomaterials, 1999
The ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application.