THE ART AND SCIENCE OF UNMANNED SYSTEMS
MARKO PELJHAN sUAS EXPO 2014
or
THE ROBOTS ARE COMING!
THE ROBOTS ARE COMING!
DRONE
TARGET DRONE BQM-74C The master of many disguises
UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS – REMOTELY PILOTED AIRCRAFT
NIKOLA TESLA – US613809 - TELEAUTOMATION ! 1893 WIRELESS CONTROL OF AN ELECTRIC MODEL BOAT ! 1900 WIRELESS UNMANNED AIRSHIP
HEWITT- SPERRY AUTOMATIC AIRPLANE
• 1914 START OF DEVELOPMENT • 1917 FIRST FLIGHT • The system consisted of a gyroscopic
stabilizer, a directive gyroscope, an aneroid barometer to regulate height, servo-motors for control of rudders and ailerons and a device for distance gearing.
CURTISS- SPERRY FLYING BOMB
• 1918 FIRST CONTROLLED FLIGHT / 910m
• CAPABLE OF HITTING A TARGET 150km away WITH ACCURACY OF 3 miles
KETTERING BUG aka DAYTON WRIGHT LIBERTY EAGLE
• 120 km range • 180 pound of explosives • 45 produced / none used • A substantial failure ratio
VAN NUYS – RADIOPLANE COMPANY
• RADIOPLANE OQ2 • 15000 built during 2nd WORLD WAR • TARGET DRONES
NORMA JEANE
Phillips claimed that 'for £300 I can make, equip, and dispatch to any distance three wirelessly controlled airships carrying huge quantities of explosives' -- and unlike a naval torpedo, his aerial torpedos were reusable, making them very cost effective. "I offer my invention to the British Government, whose official representatives will inspect it in a day or two, because I want England to have command of the air just as she has command of the sea."
LITTO POMMI – FINNISH GLIDE BOMB
• 1939 • Simple and efficient design • Flying torpedo – first system with a TV
camera • Experiments with pigeons for guidance
LITTO POMMI – FINNISH GLIDE BOMB
• Nahkuri trained the Pigeons to be comfortable in a harness while they pecked at the target and ate their rewards. When they had learned this, he progressed to training the pigeons to ‘steer’ their bomb. Nahkuri designed a system that reflected the birds movements – when the pigeon lifted or lowered its head, it closed electrical contacts to operate a hoist. When it moved its head from side to side, the hoist moved back and forth. Nahkuri would push the whole thing across the room and the birds learned to guide it straight towards the target, finally receiving its reward at the end. The pecking itself was transmitted as electrical signals. When the image of the target started to move off center, the pigeons would peck frantically to bring the device back on track (and to get their reward!)
EARLY SPECTRAL – SYSTEM CONCEPTS
FLIGHT TESTING 2007
BRAMOR gEO family • Ideal for aerial terrain mapping • Equipped with 24.3 megapixel color or NIR sensor • Detailed results with 1.29 cm/px @ 100 m AGL • Consistent overlap in windy conditions • Compatible with all GIS image processing software tools and coordinate systems • Flight endurance up to 2h • Parachute landing
Georeferenced Results
Pointcloud / DEM / DSM creation
Application sample Flood simulation
Normal situation Flooded 5cm+ Flooded 10cm+
Landslide drift, rock fall simulation
Bramor C4EYE
Specifications
Wingspan) 230 cm)
Length) 96 cm&Engine) Brushless &Onboard power) li-po &T/O Weight) 3,8 kg&
Optimal cruise speed) 16m/s&
Max horizontal speed) 30m/s&
Endurance) Up to 3h&
Command & control RF) 868 MHz or 900 MHz + options&
Command & control range) Up to 30 km, Video 30km&
Takeoff) Autonomous / catapult&
Navigation) Autonomous / waypoints array&
Landing) Autonomous / parachute&
Emergency failsafe’s) User Pre-programmed&
EYE payload
Sensor Sony FCB 10x op.zoom or FLIR Quark
Focusing Auto focus Stabilization Gyro + Software stabilized Pan 360° Tilt 90° Movement Brushless electric motors Material Carbon composite
EYE-X payload 360 degree, continuous rotation Gyro-stabilized HD 720p digital video, 10 MP high-res stills 10MP Electro-Optical (EO) imager HD 720p video 10 MP high-res stills Electronic pan-tilt-zoom (ePTZ) 640×480 long wave infrared (IR) imager 300 mW laser illuminator (LI), available at 400 - 2000 nm
Full suite of OnPoint On-Board computer vision features:
Image stabilization Target tracking Target geo-location Moving target detection Electronic zoom on EO Electronically pan-tilt-stabilized inner stage on EO imager
Durable direct drive Extremely smooth, precise actuation
• Ideal for C4ISR (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance)
• Equipped with EO/IR or EYE-X payload • Live picture stabilization • Object tracking • Object geo-location from live video Convoy following • Flight endurance up to 3h (demonstrated) • Parachute landing
Sensor control
Video from Bramor C4EYE
OPERATIONS IN DRONNING MAUDLAND - ANTARCTICA
NUNAVUT OPERATIONS – BAFFIN ISLAND, IKPIK BAY
ARCTIC 2009 / NON ORTHO
LOS PELAMBRES MINE, CHILE, flight at 4150m ASL, 12.7 GSD on bottom of the mine, 20 cm precision achieved with a grid of GCP’s, Record altitude flight, 60 minutes operations
VOLUME CALCULATIONS
GALATI MINE - ROMANIA
GALATI MINE – final mapping product ROMANIA
VIPAVA – SLOVENIA, FLIGHT TEST ZONE PRECISION MAPPING AND MODELING TESTS
SURVEYING – CADASTER UPDATING – 3 D MODELING
BRAMOR TEST FLIGHTS AT KILPISJAERVI, LAPLAND, -15deg C EAST LAPLAND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE
NIR FOREST MONITORING TEST FLIGHT, EAST LAPLAND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE
SATERI road section, Finland, 5cm PRECISION with a grid of GCP’s
SATERI road section, Finland, 5cm PRECISION with a grid of GCP’s
BRAMOR TEST FLIGHTS AT KILPISJAERVI, LAPLAND, -15deg C EAST LAPLAND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE
AIRSPACE INTEGRATION • NOTAM segregated operations since 2007 • ADS-B OUT operational on two aircraft in
New Zealand • Crew required to always have an AIR BAND
transceiver during operations and to inform local aerodrome of the operations
• Binoculars, ADS-B receiver for SITAWARE
FAIL SAFE ARCHITECTURE • Power fail safes • Unusual attitude fail safes • Systemic anomaly fail safes • PARACHUTE – both a fail safe and
regular landing device