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DYNAMIC SIGNATURE VERIFICATION AND THE HBSI MODELPurdue University: Michael Brockly | Stephen Elliott University of Kent: Richard Guest | James Scott
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RESEARCH QUESTION
• How can the Human-Biometric Sensor Interaction (HBSI) Model be further updated for behavioral biometrics?
• Can this be done for behavioral biometrics, especially dynamic signature verification?
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CURRENT HBSI MODEL
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RESPONSIVE
• Currently the model has been created for physiological biometrics and tested most extensively with fingerprint.
• As behavioral biometrics become more trusted, the HBSI model needs to stay current.
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RELEVANT
• Signing as a proof of identity is no new idea• Dynamic Signatures can be a strong anti-theft
device
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BEHAVIORAL BIOMETRICS
• Signature, keystroke, voice, mouse movement
• Different from physiological biometrics• Increase in variability
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DYNAMIC SIGNATURE VERIFICATION (DSV)
• Use digitizer to capture interaction• Common metrics:
- min/max/avg velocity- in both x and y dimensions
- pen up / pen down time- size of signature- total pen distance- more
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2 DIGITIZERS
• Virtual Ink- ePad Ink
• Paper and Ink- ePad
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VIRTUAL INK DIGITIZER
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VIRTUAL INK FLOWCHART
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PAPER AND INK DIGITIZER
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PAPER AND INK FLOWCHART
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INCORRECT PRESENTATIONS
• Incorrect presentations are errors caused by the signer at point of transaction
• These errors include:- Defective Interactions- Concealed Interactions- False Interactions
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DEFECTIVE INTERACTIONS
Signature is deemed incorrect and no signature channel data is collected
• Pen pressure too light at all sample points in paper and ink system
• No virtual ink is presented as feedback to the signer in a virtual ink system
• Latency or temporal error causes data to not be recorded
• User abandons process before data is collected
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CONCEALED INTERACTIONS
Signature is deemed incorrect and is not detected by the system
• User not satisfied but does not abandon• Signature not captured due to latency• Signature out of bounds• Pen pressure or ink dispersal incorrect
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FALSE INTERACTIONS
Signature is deemed incorrect or unrepresentative by the signer with sample points recorded
• Repetitive motion due to faulty ink flow or varying pressure
• Repetitive motion due to errors by the signer• Incomplete/unrepresentative signature due to
bodily movements• Pen interface issues
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CORRECT PRESENTATIONS
• Errors can still occur despite a correct presentation:
- Failure to Detect- Failure to Process
• If no errors occur:- Successfully Processed Sample
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FAILURE TO DETECT
Occur when the signer has donated a signature that they have deemed acceptable but is not detected by the biometric system
• Pen pressure is too light across all sample points even though ink (virtual or physical) is left on the surface/digitizer
• No samples are recorded due to latency
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FAILURE TO PROCESS
Occur when the signature has been deemed acceptable and detected by the system but not considered as an accurate representation
• Latency or other temporal errors result in partially captured signature
• Start and/or end segments are missing• Part of signature it outside capture area
- Occurs if boundary areas are not defined• Pen pressure is too light across all sample
points even though ink (virtual or physical) is left on the surface/digitizer
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FTP CONTINUED
• Pen pressure is variable and too low in some areas although though ink (virtual or physical) is left on the surface/digitizer
• Pen malfunction causes channel data disruption
- Barrel button pressed during donation• System performance fails to capture certain
parts of a signature- Machine with too low of free memory
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SUCCESSFULLY PROCESSED SAMPLE (SPS)
This is the result of a correct presentation that both the user and biometric system have deemed correct
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RESULTS
• 10 potential error points in both the paper and ink system, as well as the virtual ink system
• Paper and Ink System- Potential for 1 FTD, 3 FTP, 4 FI, 3 CI, and
1 DI• Virtual Ink System
- Potential for 1 FTD, 2 FTP, 6 FI, 6 CI, and 1 DI
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REVISED HBSI MODEL
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FUTURE WORK
• Data collection to further test this model• Examination of non-genuine users• Test with more behavioral biometrics
- Voice, keystroke, etc.
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CONTACT INFORMATION
Michael Brockly• Undergraduate Researcher at BSPA Lab• [email protected]
Richard Guest PhD• Senior Lecturer at University of Kent• [email protected]
Stephen Elliott PhD• Associate Professor at BSPA Lab• [email protected]
James Scott• Graduate Researcher at University of Kent• [email protected]